Family Violence, Anger Expression Styles, and Adolescent Dating Violence

How partner violence is transferred across generations is relatively unexplored. This paper proposes that anger expression style (constructive, destructive direct, destructive indirect) mediates the relationship between exposure to family violence and dating violence perpetration by adolescents. Data are from 1,965 completed self-administered questionnaires given to eighth- and ninth-grade students in a primarily rural county in North Carolina in 1994. Results varied by gender and type of exposure to family violence. For females, destructive direct and destructive indirect anger expression styles mediated the relationship between experiencing family violence and dating violence perpetration. For males, this relationship was mediated primarily by destructive direct anger expression style. The association between witnessing family violence and dating violence perpetration for females was mediated by destructive direct anger expression style only. Witnessing family violence was not associated with dating violence perpetration for males, and therefore could not be mediated. This study suggests that adolescents exposed to family violence learn anger expression styles that put them at risk of being perpetrators of dating violence. Further research is needed to identify other mediators that explain how partner violence is transferred across generations.     

“北京大兴灭门惨案”引发的心理学思考

2009年11月27日＂北京大兴灭门惨案＂的发生,引起了社会各界的极大震惊与广泛关注。文章主要从家庭教育缺陷,个体自我效能感缺失,负性情绪长期积压,社会支持系统力量薄弱,缺乏有效的人际沟通等方面进行了心理学的思考与探索,希望能对减少家庭惨案的发生提供一些可供借鉴的思路,进一步促进家庭的和谐与社会的稳定。     

影响农民增收的制度因素浅析

农民收入增长缓慢已成为当前农村发展的突出矛盾。农民能否增收与国家支持农业的政策和有关制度有着深层次的联系,政策和制度强烈地影响着农民的经济命运和社会地位。农民增收应改革户籍制度对农民社会地位的隐性限制;农民增收要消除乡村组织制度对农民利益的损益剥夺;农民增收应对的县乡组织制度创新要树立小政府大服务的理念。     

管理“四要素”对管理效能的影响及控制

在管理系统过程中存在着四个管理基本要素 ,它们有机地结合在一起 ,相互依存发展 ,并通过不同形式共同作用于管理过程和影响管理效能。管理要达到最佳效能 ,就要从体制、机制和人的素质等方面对其实行有效的控制。     

构建和谐社会中的和谐管理探析

和谐管理是和谐社会的应有之义,构建和谐社会必须加强和谐管理。和谐管理要素是和谐管理的基础,既要重视和谐管理主体与实体,又要重视和谐管理机制;和谐管理层次是和谐管理的关键,在基本制度层和谐的前提下,必须做好三个层次的和谐,即和谐管理体制层、和谐管理运行层、和谐管理沟通层。在构建和谐社会过程中,和谐管理会面临新考验、新任务、新情况,这就要积极探索社会主义市场经济条件下和谐管理规律,使和谐管理在构建和谐社会中发挥重要作用。     

Who's the Boss? Patterns of Perceived Control in Adolescents' Friendships

This study examined the nature and correlates of different patterns of perceived control in adolescents' relationships with their best friends. Participants included firstborn adolescents (M = 14.94 years), their younger siblings (M = 12.44 years) and both their mothers and fathers in 163 families as well as a best friend of each adolescent (M = 15 years). Data were collected from family members during home visits regarding adolescents' family relationships, friendships, and psychosocial adjustment; time use data were gathered during a series of 7 nightly phone interviews. Information was obtained from best friends during a brief phone interview. We developed a typology of 3 different patterns of perceived friendship control based on the combination of adolescents' and their best friends' ratings of relational control. Patterns of control in adolescents' friendships were associated with the distribution of control in both parents' marriages and adolescents' sibling relationships. Further analyses, designed to test developmental predictions, revealed connections between friendship control and other qualities of adolescents' friendships (i.e., intimacy, conflict, perspective-taking).     

西方效率理论的发展与政府的微观经济角色

在新古典经济学中 ,完全竞争模型及其所确定的理想的配置效率状态 ,成为判断政府微观干预的根本标准。X效率理论和动态效率理论的发展 ,开始突破了配置效率的狭隘观念。现代奥地利学派则从市场是一个知识 (信息 )发现过程的视角 ,提出通功易事的概念 ,指出新古典意义上的经济无效率并不是政府干预的必要条件。对于政府来说 ,重要的不是去追求 (对于单个经济主体具有重要性的 )经济效率 ,而是要为经济主体追求经济效率创造良好的制度条件 ,即为通功易事提供便利。     

人力资本理论是对按要素分配的重大理论突破

按要素分配是以各种要素在生产中的作用和贡献为前提的。人力资本理论从分析技术、知识等生产要素和经济增长的关系入手,揭示出人力资本在生产中的作用和贡献,突破了传统的按要素分配格局,较好地解决了按要素分配中公平和效率的关系问题。     

开放式基金面临的风险因素与防范

2001年9月国内首只开放式基金华安创新的推出,开创了我国基金业的新篇章。开放式基金的推出对我国证券市场将产生积极的影响。然而,从开放式基金发展的环境来看,越是不健全的市场越需要合理的避险工具。开放式基金推出得越快,其蕴藏的风险就越大。我国开放式基金面临着系统性风险和非系统性风险。建立开放式基金风险防范体系需要实施有效的投资决策、建立健全内控制度。     

可持续发展目标下的生态区划和景观规划

生态区划的本质是认识生态系统的分异组合和其功能的空间表现与时间进化,并指导人们的生产实践。景观规划是从人类可操作的景观水平上,体现人与自然的协调要求,关注景观结构、景观过程与景观功能的维系和创建,注意自然过程和景观格局中的物流、能流、信息流的水平运动与垂直传递,从静态格局的研究转向动态研究,注重维持多重价值景观功能的一致性优化。