Breaking point? An analysis of fatal stab wounds to the torso in Ireland between 2011 and 2018, examining the extent of rib fractures

This study examines the pattern of rib injuries occurring in cases of fatal torso stab wounds in Ireland between 2011 and 2018. It has been suggested by previous studies that rib fractures are not commonly sustained in stab wounds to the torso. We wanted to ascertain whether this was the case, as our data suggested that rib fractures were frequent, and where a rib is fractured there is a higher chance of organ injury and death, making this an important area of study. One hundred and forty seven cases of fatal stab wounds from an eight-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Fatal stab wounds to other body areas, were excluded; leaving a total of 104 cases with stab wounds to the torso. We found that 69.2% of cases had rib injuries, a figure significantly higher than previously reported. Our data suggests that stab wounds to the torso often fracture ribs, putting the underlying organs at increased risk of injury and perhaps contributing to fatality. The amount of force needed to cause a rib fracture can be difficult to quantify and indeed from the high percentage of rib fractures sustained in our data it appears that the ribs may be fractured regardless of the amount of force used; this is borne out by the finding that self-inflicted injuries also caused rib fractures. Our study shows that other factors, such as anatomical positioning and wound depth may have a greater bearing than force in terms of whether a rib fracture is sustained.     

Effect of Temperature on Six Different Developmental Landmarks within the Pupal Stage of the Forensically Important Blowfly Calliphora vicina (Robineau‐Desvoidy) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

This study investigates the pupal development times of the blow fly Calliphora vicina, which were studied in the laboratory at six different constant temperatures (15, 20, 23, 25, 28, and 30°C each ± 1°C). Lower thresholds (t_L) for development were estimated from the linear regression of the developmental rates on each temperature. These data have made it possible to calculate the accumulated degree days (ADD) necessary for C. vicina to complete the larval stage and to achieve adult emergence. The minimal duration of development from oviposition to adult emergence was found to be inversely related to temperature. Additionally, six landmarks in pupal development are showed, and for each of the landmarks, the ADD value was calculated for every rearing temperature involved. These data assist in calculating the duration of the pupal stage based on morphological characteristics and would be of great value for future forensic entomological casework.     

成高学报名刊名栏建设浅见

名刊在形象上要生动完美,版面设计上要灵活精巧,内容上应具有重要的理论价值和原创性贡献,形成稳定的办刊风格,并且有品牌价值。     

中央与地方立法权限的划分标准:“重要程度”还是“影响范围”?

我国目前主要是把立法事项的重要程度作为中央与地方立法权限的划分标准。从立法实践来看,这种划分标准不仅容易造成中央立法在某些事项上的虚置与空缺,而且更容易造成地方在一些亟需以地方立法形式加以调整的事项上的不作为、难作为或乱作为。根据现代立法民主化与科学化原则,并且参照国外中央与地方立法权限划分的经验,我国中央与地方立法事项的划分应合理引进影响范围的标准和方法。     

试论法医学鉴定和医学鉴定之差异

随着司法鉴定制度改革的不断深入,越来越多的临床医学从业人员加入到法医学鉴定的队伍中来。在这种大趋势下,一个极易形成的误区就是把医学鉴定与法医学鉴定混淆起来。事实上,两者虽然在许多方面有相似之处,但毕竞有本质的不同。医学鉴定重视的是损伤本身,而法医学鉴定则是在医学鉴定基础之上,从法律规定的角度为损伤定性。因此,要求我们的法医学鉴定人既要重视医学知识的培训和提高,也要学习法律知识和法医学知识,才能更好地完成司法鉴定工作。     

试论科学发展观的“新”、“维”、“度”

科学发展观是对经济社会发展规律认识的深化。“以人为本”是科学发展观之“新”思考；“全面、协调、可持续”的思想体现了“人-自然-社会”的和谐统一，是科学发展观之“维”；科学发展观强调发展的伦理，遵循发展的生态规律，是科学发展观之“度”。     

城市公安派出所责任区民警绩效管理探析

在公安派出所实现自己的职能目标过程中,责任区民警有着举足轻重的作用.为了促进责任区民警忠于职守、不折不扣,真正为社区警务模式发展打下基础,必须建立科学的责任区民警绩效示标.尝试性地设定一些责任区民警绩效示标,并介绍其使用及适用条件,以期促进我国各级公安机关提高公安绩效管理水平.     

从TRIPs规则反思我国现行商标法

中国是《巴黎公约》、《马德里协定》和《尼斯协定》的成员国 ,又随入世加入乌拉圭回合达成的《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》 (以下简称TRIPs) ,而现行的商标法有许多与之不相适应之处需要修正 ,以缩短与TRIPs等国际公约的差距。     

低水平书写签名字迹的分析与鉴定

在文件检验工作中,少量字的签名字迹性质判断具有一定难度,若出现时间相隔久远,同期样本稀少,当事人年龄跨度几十年的案件,要对字迹性质作出准确判断将更困难。本文通过一起经济纠纷案,就三十年前低书写水平的签名字迹进行检材与样本分析、特征价值判断、背景调查、综合评断分析与经验总结,强调在检验中应当全面了解当事人的背景材料,对案件事实与鉴定要求之间的关联性进行深入调查研究,还需要准确把握字迹变化的原因,注意避免因书写习惯的变化性因素而错误评断字迹特征属性,进而做出科学、准确的鉴定意见。