当代我国农民组织对农民市民角色转变的价值及路径研究

农民市民化的问题不能得到有效地解决,将会影响我国城市化进程和社会的和谐发展。本文从农民组织的概念界定、历史沿革和发展意义的角度,研究农民市民角色转变的途径。     

中俄高等教育合作

中俄教育合作极具战略意义,是中俄人文领域合作行动计划的优先方向。2019年,中俄各类教育方案框架内的学生交流人数达10万人,新冠肺炎疫情暴发后,两国相互间留学的人数变化不大。截至2021年12月,获得教育部批准或者省级教育主管机构批准的中俄合作办学机构有20个,本科层次合作项目70个,专科层次合作项目21个,硕士层次合作项目4个,理工科项目数多于人文社科类,办学层次仍以本科学历教育和专科教育为主。中俄高等教育交流与合作取得了丰富成果,但是还存在着中俄高等教育国际化法规不完善,留学生在各自对外交流总体量中所占比例尚小,缺乏基于学科对接、优势互补的实质性合作等不足。目前,中国迫切需要进一步建立和完善高等教育国际合作法律体系,优化制度、政策环境;高校要树立国际化观念,增强国际化能力;通过与俄罗斯高校的合作促进我国高等教育质量提升;为“一带一路”域内国家培养优质劳动力资源。     

Women’s Organizations of Political Parties: Formal Possibilities,Informal Challenges and Discursive Controversies

Feminist research focusing on gender policy successes in the 1990s and 2000s emphasized the strengths of women’s organizations of political parties in advancing key gender equality issues in Finland. However, both the “feminism” and “politics” of political parties’ women’s organizations, hitherto apparent in Finland and elsewhere in Europe, are now deemed outdated, a paradox that is critically explored in this article. The analysis is based on interview data with women and men politicians and party workers and is structured around the key research question: how are the women’s organizations of political parties discursively constructed by the interviewed politicians and party workers and with what effects? These discursive constructions are studied in relation to: (i) the formal institutional position of the women’s organizations of political parties, (ii) informal institutional position vis-à-vis the mother party, and (iii) discursive controversies surrounding their feminism and politics. The discourse analysis reveals the contradictions and challenges faced by women’s political organizations in contemporary politics.     

论合作社的法律地位

合作社是自愿联合起来的人们通过共同所有与民主管理的组织以实现其共同的经济、社会与文化目标与抱负的自治联合体。合作社的基本价值是自助、民主、平等、公平和团结;合作社社员信奉诚实、开放、社会责任与关怀他人的道德价值观。合作社的原则包括社员资格的自愿和开放、社员民主管理等七项。合作社与集体制是两种极易混淆,但实存重大区别的制度。由于合作社类型的多样性,规模大小不一,因此不宜将合作社的主体地位统一确定为法人,而应由合作社发起人自行选择。既可以选择为有限责任性质合作社、股份合作社等法人形式,也可选择为合伙组织、合作社分社等非法人组织形式。     

农户承包集体土地合同上的财产关系

关于集体土地的各种问题是法学界长期热议的问题,其中农户承包集体土地合同是一种新型合同,民法需要解决的是该种合同的性质和依据这种合同取得的财产权的性质,以及依据性质定位建立健全对其保护的机制与具体制度。从历史演进的角度厘清农户承包集体土地合同的基本法律关系,进而对这种合同以及依据合同所取得的财产权的性质以及财产权的主体关系进行分析和整理,并在此基础上探寻这种合同制度整体适用的统一原则和规范,是解决问题的关键。     

Within,Above, and Beyond: Churches and Religious Civil Society Activism in South Kivu

In South Kivu in the Eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), various church actors have chosen to involve in advocacy and mobilization through a formalized civil society structure known as La Société Civile (LSC). In this article, we explore the relationship between the churches and civil society in Eastern DRC, paying particular attention to why this cooperation has taken such a formalized expression, the motivations of church actors to become involved in LSC and, finally, how this relationship between different civil society actors has underpinned various peacebuilding efforts at the local, provincial, and national scale.     

Reflections on Critical Thinking: Lessons from a Quasi-Experimental Study

In a pre/post quasi-experimental study assessing the impact of a specific curriculum on critical thinking, the authors employed a critical thinking curriculum in two sections of a U.S. foreign policy class. The authors found that the interactive and scaffolded critical thinking curriculum yielded statistically significant critical thinking increases for students scoring below average on the pretest. Within a discussion of the overall need for strengthening critical thinking in higher education, the authors demonstrate that the study’s findings support the developmental process of acquiring critical thinking, and illustrate that early jumps in critical thinking can be achieved within one semester. Additionally, the results point to the need for more long-term approaches to assess larger increases for those scoring above average.     

城乡公平贸易视角下的民间社会服务组织研究——以广州市A社工机构为例

以广州市A社会工作发展中心为个案,通过参与观察,以城乡公平贸易为切入点,系统描述了该民间社会服务组织城乡公平贸易的发展模式与现状,深入了解社区经济、城乡公平贸易的发展理念和发展模式,进而挖掘城乡公平贸易模式对社会发展和社会工作的价值与意义,为社会工作本土化找寻新方向。     

协同视角下高校工会服务青年教师发展探析

高校青年教师所面临的科研、教学、生活心理等各方面发展问题是高校工会服务青年教师工作措施的主要着力点。在促进青年教师发展的各类关系中,学校、校工会、学院分工会和各职能部门密不可分,共同服务青年教师发展。为解决青年教师发展中遇到的问题,高校工会应该创新工会协同服务理念,建立服务青年教师发展的学习型组织,丰富实践活动载体,形成定期工作核查和纠正制度等。     

美国农业合作社的形态法定化及其启示

在美国,农业合作社是农场主为了满足自身生存发展的需要,在借鉴欧洲合作社尤其是罗虚代尔公平先锋社先进经验的基础上,探索和创造出来的一种组织形态;这种组织形态最初并未体现于法律中。及至20世纪初期以后,在寻求农业合作社反垄断豁免及税收优惠的过程中,经由制定法和判例法的合力,农业合作社逐步实现了形态法定化,并在法律的助推下得以进一步勃兴。美国农业合作社形态法定化的实践给我们提供了如下启示:应重视并充分运用法律手段来提升农民合作经济组织的绩效;农民合作经济组织法律制度的确立应积极回应实践中的制度创新;我国农业反垄断豁免的主体界定可借鉴美国的成功经验。