Performance Measurement in Italian and Spanish Local Governments: Comparative Policy Analysis

NPM reforms have become a global trend and performance management systems are considered suitable to enhance the decision-making process and accountability. The aim of the paper is to carry out a comparative study on the adoption of performance measurement tools in Italian and Spanish (medium-sized and large) local governments. It seeks to find out how widespread these tools are and how their usefulness is perceived. The results show differences between the two countries and that the presence of professional managers – experienced with performance measurement tools – positively affects the adoption of these tools. Moreover, performance measurement tools are perceived as a support for accountability purposes.     

Public finance management reforms in Somalia: a case study on Somalia's finance professionals

There is an unprecedented and pressing need for a major legislative public financial management reform in Somalia to bolster the technical and professional efforts of implementing a modern system of public financial management across the country. Currently, there is no independent auditing authority to enable citizens to access information on the use of public resources. However, the success of any reform depends on establishing strong public budgeting systems as well as developing strong public finance training programs and policy linkage on financial management policies and procedures.     

Capital Account Liberalization,Financial Structure,and Access to Credit in Latin America

This article revisits the question of whether capital account liberalization improves access to credit by advancing and testing a theory of how the structure of the financial sector shapes the willingness and ability of banks and governments to repress the domestic financial sector. In a highly concentrated financial sector, banks and governments are more willing to reap the benefits of financial openness by suppressing liberalizing reforms to domestic financial policies, and they can also better coordinate with one another to stifle these reforms compared to when the financial sector is diffuse. Using a panel dataset of Latin American and Caribbean countries, I find that capital account liberalization leads to a decrease in loans to private firms and households and an increase in loans to governments and state-owned enterprises when the financial sector is highly concentrated. Only when the financial sector is diffuse does capital account liberalization lead to reforms in entry barriers, directed credit programs, and banking sector supervision, which extends to improved access to credit for private firms and households.     

Debt in just societies: A general framework for regulating credit

Debt presents a dilemma to societies: successful societies benefit from a substantial infrastructure of consumer, commercial, corporate, and sovereign debt but debt can cause substantial private and social harm. Pre‐crisis and post‐crisis solutions have seesawed between subsidizing and restricting debt, between leveraging and deleveraging. A consensus exists among governments and international financial institutions that financial stability is the fundamental normative principle underlying financial regulation. Financial stability, however, is insensitive to equality concerns and can produce morally impermissible aggregations in which the least advantaged in a society are made worse off. Solutions based only on financial stability can restrict debt without accounting for the risk of harm to persons least able to bear the risk, worsen preexisting inequalities, destroy or impair the net worth of households, and impose unfavorable distributive consequences. This article offers a new approach to assist policymakers in developing and evaluating regulation to take criteria in addition to financial stability into account, but which do not undermine the aim of financial stability. It calls for a luck egalitarian approach, offering policymakers options to take the debtor's choices into account while still accounting for cognitive mistakes people often make in debt decisionmaking. It offers a general framework for the underlying principles for the regulation of debt: its focus is not on any particular forms of debt or its regulation but in structuring debt regulation more generally. It offers a set of recommendations on how regulators can take concerns about luck and equality into account in regulatory design.     

The Organisational Culture of the Chaebol and Workplace Inequality: Stunted Mobilities of Korean Chinese Employees in a Beijing Subsidiary

The chaebol’s organisational culture was the target of much criticism when the Asian financial crisis hit the Korean economy in 1997. Despite much research on the topic over the past two decades, there continues to be a lack of consensus on the efficacy of reforms implemented since then. While some have focused on persisting patterns of paternalism, others have highlighted the structural changes implemented. This article revisits this debate by analysing the ways in which culture influences the implementation of structural reforms as a legitimating ideology. By analysing ethnographic data of a chaebol subsidiary in Beijing, the article demonstrates how cultural tropes of the company as a family and women as caretakers, popularised under the Park Chung Hee regime, have continued to shape perceptions of competence in the workplace. In particular, despite the crucial role that Korean Chinese employees have played in helping the chaebol penetrate Chinese markets, their bilingual and bicultural skills are devalued. Instead, the feminisation of their labour has justified their continuing marginalisation in the firm.     

Coping with financial crises: explaining variety in regional arrangements

Financial regional arrangements vary across countries and change over time. Until recently, most economists and political scientists took the European model of monetary integration as the yardstick to which all other regional financial arrangements had to measure up in this article. It is argued that the Euro crisis provides an opportunity for scholars to adopt a different perspective that does not interpret the variety of financial arrangements merely as economic deficiencies caused by the incapacity or unwillingness of regions to follow the European model. Instead, the comparative study of monetary and financial regionalism has to account for the different factors that shape variations. These go from different levels of economic development, over regional political and economic preferences to historical processes which shape the institutional context and the constellation of interests and social forces. Such an approach, which integrates economic and political science approaches, de-centres the Euro model and opens up a new understanding of the global diversity of regional monetary and financial cooperation, and their potential to cope with financial crises.     

论金融诈骗罪的非法占有目的

金融诈骗罪不仅破坏国家金融管理秩序 ,而且侵犯财产所有权。“非法占有目的”是所有金融诈骗罪必备的主观要件 ,而不是选择要件。对于金融诈骗罪这种目的犯而言 ,非法占有目的的有无 ,直接决定行为人是否构成犯罪以及构成何种犯罪。准确把握非法占有目的的涵义并适用司法推定理论才能够正确认定非法占有目的 ,从而有助于金融诈骗罪的认定和惩处     

论东亚货币基金的创建

亚洲金融危机使得东亚地区的货币合作提上日程。《清迈协议》的达成 ,即“10 +3”(东盟 10国加中、日、韩 )框架下的双边货币互换协议的陆续签定 ,标志着东亚区域货币合作迈出了具有历史意义的第 1步。然而 ,货币互换只是货币合作的最初形态 ,随着东亚区域经济一体化的进展 ,货币互换合作必将向更高层次的货币基金合作的方向发展。东亚货币基金的创建不仅是必要的 ,也是可行的。不久的将来EAMF一定会展现在世界人民面前     

骗取银行信用罪之立法解析

《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（六）》着重补充和修改了经济领域的四类犯罪,其中尤其以惩治金融领域与证券领域犯罪为显著特色,并相应地加重了对这些经济领域犯罪的刑罚。该修正案第10条新增罪名可以定为“骗取银行信用罪”：本罪的主观方面为直接故意;本罪的客观方面表现为采用欺骗手段取得银行信用,在结果上给银行造成重大损失或者有其他严重情节：关于重大损失的数额认定应截止到人民法院一审判决前。     

不依法披露重要信息罪的理解与适用

为了维护广大投资者的利益,防止投资者受到欺诈,我国相关金融法律、法规都明确规定了相关公司、企业负有信息披露义务。但目前我国的形势是,许多负有信息披露义务的公司、企业并不依法披露其应该披露的信息,严重损害了投资者的利益。而我国97年刑法中只有“提供虚假财会报告罪”的规定,并未将其他不依法披露信息的行为纳入调整的范围,因而对于绝大多数不依法披露重要信息的行为无法施以刑罚。因此,为了有效地保障广大投资者及时获取完整、真实信息的权利,《刑法修正案(六)》对提供虚假财会报告罪进行了修正,从主体、行为方式、披露的对象等方面扩大了本罪的适用范围。