Concussions and youth football: using a public health law framework to head off a potential public health crisis

Concussion from sport is increasingly recognized as a public health priority. In response, all states and the District of Columbia have enacted youth concussion legislation. This paper first examines key developments in concussion-related policy and legislation and then uses the findings from recent scientific studies to highlight the need to incorporate evolving scientific evidence into concussion legislation in order to better protect youth and adolescent athletes. Next, the paper discusses the framework of empirical health law research and why it should be applied in the case of concussion legislation. Finally, this paper argues that empirical health law research should be considered in any decision about whether legislation can help improve the health and safety of young players, a particularly vulnerable population whose unique needs have not yet been adequately addressed.     

内蒙古实施西部开发战略的有关政策研究

在国家实施西部大开发之际 ,内蒙古应根据自身的地区特点 ,制定出内蒙古大开发的优惠政策 ,使其有利于改革开放的进行 ;有利于市场经济的发展 ;有利于互助合作和优势互补的开发方式 ;有利于内蒙古的经济增长     

对我国少数民族现行经济政策的思考

少数民族经济政策是国家经济政策的一部分 ,是国家对特殊资源的分配和调动 ,对少数民族地区的经济发展有重要意义。通过对改革开放 2 0年来民族经济政策基本内容的探讨 ,提出了 2 1世纪我国少数民族经济政策的基本形式。     

政策公平与社会公平的关系及我国政策取向的世纪扭转

从改革开放到20世纪末，我国的政策取向基本上是“扶强”，进入新世纪之后，为了社会公平与和谐，开始转向“扶弱”。这种方向上的扭转属于整体再构，而非枝节修补，由于其工程浩大，整体配套至今仍远未完成，特别是有三大难题亟待破解：一是西部资源开发收益如何分配；二是国家公共财政如何覆盖农村；三是垄断行业如何限制超高薪酬。     

论晋察冀抗日根据地的知识分子政策

抗日战争时期党的知识分子政策是中国共产党各项政策的一个重要组成部分，晋察冀抗日根据地党和政府由于贯彻和执行了正确的知识分子政策，推动了抗日战争和根据地建设的顺利发展。通过对晋察冀抗日根据地知识分子政策的分析和考察，有利于在新形势下更好地发挥知识分子在改革及建设大业中的积极作用。     

Same-Sex Marriages,Conflict of Laws and Public Policy -- a Modern Commentary

The article is concerned with the policy implications of the legal recognition of same-sex relationships. It is represented by an extrapolation from the decision of Chang J. of the Hawaii Circuit Court in Baehr and Others v. Miike as well as a consideration of the reaction to that case in the United States and of the literature surrounding the policy issues generated by the issue at large in Australia and elsewhere.     

西部大开发的金融政策选择

在西部大开发中必须调整和完善现有的金融政策 ,国家要通过实行宏观金融政策和区域金融政策来解决资金问题 ;西部地方政府要和国家宏观金融政策相协调 ,并制定切合西部地方经济发展特点的地方金融政策。     

Democratisation, External Exposure and State Food Distribution in The Dominican Republic

The Dominican Republic shares the island of Hispaniola with a 'failed' state, requires regular financial assistance from international funds and remains exposed to external economic pressures. State food distribution in the country, however, adheres to traditional statist policies and institutions that disappeared elsewhere in Latin America and the Caribbean during the 1980s and 1990s. Relevant literature arguably does not anticipate this outcome. This article proposes that political institutions associated with Dominican democratisation since the late 1970s, particularly strong presidentialism, a stable, non-ideological party system and high voter turnout at elections, provide incentives for a status quo, clientelistic policy in this strategic area of social policy.     

民意的刑事政策分析：一种双向考量后的扬弃

由刑事政策角度观之,民意是一种特殊的犯罪抗制力量,有着不可替代的反犯罪功能:通过民意的张扬与表达,可以强化民众的刑事法规范意识;民意也在很大程度上形成并保持对犯罪行为的抑制压力;抗制犯罪过程中的民意可以促进刑事政策的相机调整,以更好满足抗制犯罪的需要。但同时,民意也具有非理性、易波动性和非机制化等天然不合理成分。因此,在刑事政策中,对民意进行充分听取,理性审视、合理吸纳、适当引导的扬弃显得尤为必要;而在刑事司法环节中,又应避免民意的干扰。     

Antitrust Enforcement: Abuse Control or Notification?

The European Union is currently revising its system of centralised authorisation for agreements between firms falling within the scope of Article 81 (1) of the EC Treaty but qualifying for exemption from the general prohibition. The proposed reform in the 1999 White Paper on Modernisation of the Rules Implementing Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty involves the abolition of the notification and exemption system and its replacement by a directly applicable exception system where restrictive practices qualifying for exemption are lawful per se and subject to abuse control. This paper compares both the current notification system and the proposed system of ex-post control in a game-theoretical framework. If precommitment to an enforcement probability by the antitrust authority is not possible and a mixed equilibrium exists for both systems, the notification system is superior to the system of abuse control in terms of social welfare.