宪法中的任免权之“免”

宪法中的任免权包括＂任＂和＂免＂两个方面,＂任＂是＂免＂的前提,但＂免＂不是＂任＂的必然,而只是其可能的结果。＂免＂的主体有时是由谁＂任＂即由谁＂免＂,有时＂任＂和＂免＂不完全统一（有四种情况）;＂免＂的对象一般是最高国家机关的主要成员;＂免＂的形式有罢免、弹劾、免去等;在＂免＂的程序中,罢免程序主要体现的是民主性,弹劾程序则更强调司法性,后者通常比前者严格。     

中国发展国际服务贸易的思考与法律完善

随着生产力的发展和全球信息化、网络化的发展,世界经济中心已向服务业倾斜,服务贸易的发展水平已经成为一个国家综合国力和影响力的体现.服务贸易将成为WTO新一轮谈判以及区域性经济合作谈判的主要议题,鉴于此,我们有必要探究国际服务贸易的法律渊源、内涵及对我国的利与弊.只有全面了解国际服务贸易的属性,才能逐步完善我国的服务贸易立法,才能在未来世界经济中打适中国服务品牌,传播中国文化,发展对外经济,充分迎接TPP的挑战.     

我国刑法中牵连关系的形态及其实质分析

牵连犯作为一种罪数形态,在刑法理论中具有重要地位。刑法理论中对牵连犯的判断是以牵连关系为标准,牵连关系在理论上不仅存在两种基本形式,而且也存在多种观点分歧。事实上,牵连关系与犯罪构成要件之间联系密切。当数行为之间的牵连关系属于同一犯罪构成要件之间的牵连时,应认定为一罪,应按从一从重的处断原则处罚;反之,如果数行为属于数个不同犯罪构成要件之间的牵连,则构成数罪,应实行并罚。     

Crisis leadership and non‐communication: Marcos of the philippines

For all of their centralized power and undisputed authority, even crisis leaders are susceptible to breakdowns in political communication. This is particularly significant when martial rule or a state of emergency—most effective when of short duration— becomes open‐ended; the sense of urgency no longer prevails.

In the initial stage of proclaiming a constitutional emergency it is perhaps easiest to create an atmosphere of crisis and to promote a collective sense of danger. A climate of national fear and insecurity, in turn, enables the constitutional dictator to mobilize broad support even for draconian measures imposed at the expense of individual freedoms. With the prolongation of the emergency, however, and the institutionalization of crisis government, certain immunities to authoritarianism do begin to surface. As suggested by periods of prolonged emergency rule in India and South Korea, the leader becomes remote and isolated; he or she no longer feels quite so compelled to communicate; domestic opposition increases.

The experience of President Marcos and the Philippines since 1972 illustrates some of the political dynamics of the modern, permanent “emergency state.” What has happened to the New Society program of reforms should help in understanding the critical link of communication between leaders and their followers under conditions of either real or manipulative domestic political stress.     

Open-source intelligence and privacy by design

As demonstrated by other papers on this issue, open-source intelligence (OSINT) by state authorities poses challenges for privacy protection and intellectual-property enforcement. A possible strategy to address these challenges is to adapt the design of OSINT tools to embed normative requirements, in particular legal requirements. The experience of the VIRTUOSO platform will be used to illustrate this strategy. Ideally, the technical development process of OSINT tools is combined with legal and ethical safeguards in such a way that the resulting products have a legally compliant design, are acceptable within society (social embedding), and at the same time meet in a sufficiently flexible way the varying requirements of different end-user groups. This paper uses the analytic framework of privacy design strategies (minimise, separate, aggregate, hide, inform, control, enforce, and demonstrate), arguing that two approaches for embedding legal compliance seem promising to explore in particular. One approach is the concept of revocable privacy with spread responsibility. The other approach uses a policy mark-up language to define Enterprise Privacy Policies, which determine appropriate data handling.     

电信诈骗打防对策探究

随着我国金融业、通信业的快速发展,电信诈骗作为一种跨境、跨地域新型团伙犯罪,借助于网络与通信工具实施非接触式虚假信息诈骗犯罪,其发展趋势迅速蔓延。公安机关应进一步探索和研究侦破此类犯罪的打防对策,从根本上遏止电信诈骗违法犯罪的高发态势。     

论社会主义核心价值观的思想文化渊源——谈对高技能型职业人才培养的积极作用

社会主义核心价值观既是马克思主义科学价值观的当代体现,同时也秉承了中华优秀传统文化的精神源泉和文化基因。它对职业人才培养具有精神引领、人格塑造和效能提升的积极作用。课堂教育、日常管理和社会实践是以社会主义核心价值观提升和引领高技能型职业人才培养的三个主要途径。     

推定适用与刑罚的指向——兼析巨额财产来源不明罪的立法完善

刑事诉讼活动中,推定能够用以间接证明正常前提条件下应当存在的犯罪事实,但是必须严格限定其适用.刑罚是预防犯罪的有效手段和保障之一,因而司法实践中必须充分发挥其功能.通过二者的引申,可以认识到现行刑法有关巨额财产来源不明罪的立法缺陷,而且有必要从这两种意义上加以完善.     

简论当代中国社会转型及其对法治化的影响

当代中国社会处于由传统向现代转型的深刻变革过程中。社会转型是社会在整体意义上与质的意义上的嬗变。社会转型在各种利益与关系的冲突撞击中追求社会朝法治方向发展 ,同时转型时期的社会环境也为法治的发展提供了契机。     

巨额财产来源不明罪探析

为了加强对贪污贿赂犯罪的打击力度,现行刑法增设了巨额财产来源不明罪,但该罪在司法实践中日益暴露出其立法及前置制度不健全等问题,因而必须从刑法理论上加以完善,以满足反腐倡廉的实际需要.