论案例教学法在“体改生”教学中的应用

案例教学法是公安教育中应用广泛并且行之有效的教学方法,体现了教学面向公安实战的需要,有助于调动"体改生"学习的积极性和提高教师的教学能力,其必要性值得肯定。对"体改生"施行案例教学法,应遵循如下基本路径,即了解"体改生"的特点,选取合适的教案,运用适当的案例展示手段,有意识地培养"体改生"适应案例教学,与其他教学模式相结合,以及对"体改生"进行案例教学法的效果进行反馈。     

反劫持谈判的策略选择与方法运用

在反劫持谈判过程中,劫持者的心理活动呈现出一定规律性。谈判者应把握劫持者在谈判各个阶段的心理活动规律与特点。在此基础上,灵活地选择谈判策略、有针对性地运用谈判方法与对话技巧,从而取得谈判的主动。     

建立检测制式长枪上DNA多态性的新方法

目的建立快速、准确检测制式长枪上基因分型的新方法。方法联合使用直扩法、硅膜法对48支制式长枪上5个不同部位共240份检材进行DNA检测。结果联合使用直扩法及硅膜法,在48支制式长枪中检测出DNA完整分型42支,检出率达87.50%。结论联合使用直扩法、硅膜法,可有效快速、准确地检测出制式长枪上DNA多态性。     

两种骨骼及牙齿纯化方法的比较分析

目的比较硅珠法和硅胶膜法对骨骼和牙齿的纯化效果。方法选择6根骨骼和8颗牙齿,进行消化后分别采用硅珠法与硅胶膜法进行纯化,用Global Filer~(?)试剂盒进行扩增检测,通过比较检出率和峰高来评价这两种方法。结果两种纯化方法均成功检测出了骨骼和牙齿的STR分型。同一样本中,相同基因座上两种方法检出的等位基因分型结果完全一致。两种方法处理得到的平均峰高差异无统计学意义。结论硅胶膜法在骨骼及牙齿的纯化中能满足实际常规检案的要求,且和硅珠法无明显差异,但在操作上更具优势,缺点是成本较高,在实际工作中可以选择使用。     

绵羊与藏羊脑静脉系统整体铸型制作方法的建立

为了获得完整的脑部静脉血管通路塑料模型,经过反复试验,首次建立了脑静脉血管系统的整体铸型方法。选择新鲜的藏羊和绵羊头各15个,将用丙酮和丁酮稀释的200g/L ABS(丙烯腈、丁二烯、苯乙烯三元共聚塑料)溶液经上颌静脉灌入脑静脉窦及脑静脉血管内,经2～3d后,等待ABS溶液完全凝固时,用盐酸腐蚀掉脑、脑膜以及构成颅腔的颅骨,然后对血管铸型进行冲洗和修整。获得了完整的脑部静脉血管系统立体铸型。该铸型标本能够清楚地显示脑静脉窦和血管的位置、走向、管径及其相互之间的关系,同时还能够清晰地显示出颅内外静脉血管之间的联系。该方法的建立使整体展现脑内静脉血管系统成为现实,也为进一步深入研究脑静脉系统奠定了基础。     

Correlation Between Average Tissue Depth Data and Quantitative Accuracy of Forensic Craniofacial Reconstructions Measured by Geometric Surface Comparison Method

Accuracy is the most important factor supporting the reliability of forensic facial reconstruction (FFR) comparing to the corresponding actual face. A number of methods have been employed to evaluate objective accuracy of FFR. Recently, it has been attempted that the degree of resemblance between computer‐generated FFR and actual face is measured by geometric surface comparison method. In this study, three FFRs were produced employing live adult Korean subjects and three‐dimensional computerized modeling software. The deviations of the facial surfaces between the FFR and the head scan CT of the corresponding subject were analyzed in reverse modeling software. The results were compared with those from a previous study which applied the same methodology as this study except average facial soft tissue depth dataset. Three FFRs of this study that applied updated dataset demonstrated lesser deviation errors between the facial surfaces of the FFR and corresponding subject than those from the previous study. The results proposed that appropriate average tissue depth data are important to increase quantitative accuracy of FFR.     

A Direct Aqueous Derivatization GSMS Method for Determining Benzoylecgonine Concentrations in Human Urine

A sensitive and reliable method for extraction and quantification of benzoylecgonine (BZE) and cocaine (COC) in urine is presented. Propyl‐chloroformate was used as derivatizing agent, and it was directly added to the urine sample: the propyl derivative and COC were then recovered by liquid–liquid extraction procedure. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to detect the analytes in selected ion monitoring mode. The method proved to be precise for BZE and COC both in term of intraday and interday analysis, with a coefficient of variation (CV) <6%. Limits of detection (LOD) were 2.7 ng/mL for BZE and 1.4 ng/mL for COC. The calibration curve showed a linear relationship for BZE and COC (r² >0.999 and >0.997, respectively) within the range investigated. The method, applied to thirty authentic samples, showed to be very simple, fast, and reliable, so it can be easily applied in routine analysis for the quantification of BZE and COC in urine samples.     

尼龙植绒拭子与棉拭子血痕DNA分型效果比较

目的探讨尼龙植绒拭子与棉拭子血痕DNA分型检验的效果。方法取抗凝全血用去离子水倍量稀释2、4、8、16、32、64、128倍,各取1μL分别滴加于尼龙植绒拭子与棉拭子头部,干燥制成血痕,应用Chelex-100提取每个浓度两种材质拭子的血痕样本DNA,采用Identifiler Plus试剂盒进行复合扩增,3500XL型遗传分析仪进行检测,对比各组DNA分型检验成功率。结果 1检验成功率:稀释16~64倍尼龙植绒拭子血痕均明显高于相同稀释倍数的棉拭子血痕(P0.001);其余浓度血痕两种材质拭子的检验成功率无明显差异;2分型图谱峰高和均衡性:不同浓度尼龙植绒拭子血痕峰高多为棉拭子血痕的2倍以上,16~64倍稀释血痕尼龙植绒拭子均衡性更好。结论尼龙植绒血痕拭子的检验效果优于棉拭子血痕,在微量血痕检验时优势更明显。     

虚拟治理成本法在环境损害司法鉴定中的应用研究

虚拟治理成本法作为一种常用的环境价值评估方法,对于环境污染责任追究工作发挥着重要作用.通过系统梳理虚拟治理成本法相关定义、适用范围以及评估流程,并对2014-2020年期间(以裁判日期计)国内典型相关案例从时间分布、地域分布、污染物类别及环境受体、鉴定机构情况等方面进行研究,梳理该方法的实践应用情况,总结我国虚拟治理成...