知识产权视角下非物质文化遗产保护模式探究——以浙江省为例

在非物质文化遗产的法律保护中,公法有其自身的局限性,私法的引入则可以弥补这些缺陷。知识产权与非物质文化遗产间的特性和关系决定了知识产权对保护非物质文化遗产具有必要性和正当性,但现行知识产权制度在主体和客体保护上存在着诸多的问题,对此,本文结合浙江省非物质文化遗产保护的实际,提出了非物质文化遗产知识产权综合保护模式构建的设想。     

National Treasure: Implicit Protections of Cultural Property in the United States

Despite the international prevalence of cultural export controls, the United States has not adopted explicit measures for that purpose. Whereas many culture-rich nations have found it necessary to implement explicit export controls to stem an exodus of prominent works of culture, U.S. common law and national policy, by relying on traditional concepts of property ownership rights and charity, have achieved similar effects without placing undue limits on international trade. In this article, I posit that any change in the current approach and toward explicit export control would be inimical to the U.S. self-interest and the developmental direction of the relevant legal policy.     

国际法视角下"水下文化遗产"的界定

水下文化遗产是文化遗产的重要组成部分,其包含的考古、历史和文化价值对人类掌握自身文明的发展历程具有重要意义。国际法对水下文化遗产的保护经历了一个从笼统地保护"文化财(遗)产"到专门保护"水下文化遗产"的过程。经过激烈争论,《保护水下文化遗产公约》首次对"水下文化遗产"作了界定,力图将大部分100年以上的水下遗存纳入保护范围。该定义对加强我国的水下文化遗产保护具有积极的借鉴意义。     

耕读传家与文化濡化——以广西灵川县江头洲村文化教育习俗为例

耕读传家是中国传统社会中以村落社区为文化地理空间,以家族为单位的乡民自发读书学习、耕读结合的教育习俗与文化传统。耕读传家习俗是文化濡化的一种重要机制和实践,它不仅具有文化传承的巨大功能,而且可为今日乡村文化建设提供深刻的启示。广西灵川县江头洲村文化教育习俗的养成就是成功的范例。     

浅析旅游开发中文化遗产保护的法律问题

随着市场经济的深度发展,有些旅游资源遭到破坏,保护文化遗产就成为旅游行业可持续发展的关键。因此,本文针对这一问题,提出了制定相关的法律与法规,切实推动旅游文化遗产保护的建设性观点,从而实现社会经济效益与旅游开发的协调发展。     

UNESCO’s Tangled Web of Preservation: Community,Heritage and Development in China

In the past two decades the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) has broadened its focus on heritage from tangible sites to intangible cultural practices. It has also, according to supporters, advocated for the inclusion of local residents at heritage sites in management plans, emphasised the need to promote and protect human rights, and sought to balance preservation and conservation with what it terms “social and economic” needs. This article examines these claims via a case study on world heritage in China. It is suggested that UNESCO’s embrace of community involvement in heritage management is underpinned by a reliance on two fictive categories: an “international community” that agrees on heritage policies and a fictive homogeneous “local community” assumed to share the institutional values of UNESCO. This in turn reflects assumptions found at the centre of UNESCO’s cosmopolitan project going back to its establishment in 1948.     

Imposing Identity against Social Catastrophes. The Strategies of (Re)Generation of Meaning of the Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo (Argentina)

This article explores the processes of definition, construction and social management of collective identity in situations of social catastrophe such as that defined in the Southern Cone of Latin America following the grave human rights violations that occurred in the 1970s, especially those deriving from the forced disappearance of persons. This form of repression creates deep wounds in the social fabric affected and, besides this, produces what could be called a ‘catastrophe’, that is, a permanent confusion of the mechanisms of social construction of meaning and subjectivity within which one lives. In this case, the catastrophe affects several collective goods and, principally, the social bases of modern identity construction. In order to manage these catastrophes, the subjects that inhabit the social spaces formed around them – in this case those who live in the field of the detained–disappeared – develop very different strategies, with the most widespread in the Argentinean case being what I will call the ‘narrative of meaning’. This is a hard and conservative strategy that confronts the catastrophe of identity by employing identity constructions supported on old narratives of the family and biological heritage. This article is dedicated to an analysis of this socially successfully strategy and studies the form it adopts in the work of constructing identity of the Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo.     

政府视角的城市历史文化遗产保护研究梳理

一个城市的历史和文化是由城市中的历史文化遗产承载的,然而,在城市建设的驱动下,历史文化遗产遭到破坏的数量日趋上升。基于这一现象,各国学者和政府都力图从各个角度对与此相关的问题进行理论与实证研究,其成果涉及面广,诸如政府保护机制、公众参与、资金来源、保护方法等等,但仍然存在一些问题,研究成果有待进一步深化。     

建设优秀儒家传统文化传承体系的三个维度——以社会主义核心价值体系建设为视角

建设优秀儒家传统文化传承体系是一个系统工程，要从内容维度、表达维度和接受维度展开，并保持三者的辩证统一。在社会主义核心价值体系建设的视阈中，在内容维度要使对优秀儒家文化内蕴的诠释常态化，在表达维度要使优秀儒家文化形成“仁爱”“富裕…‘公正”“中庸“和谐”的核心范畴，在接受维度要使形式载体系统化和多样化。     

非物质文化遗产开发利用的私法规制

由于我国非物质文化遗产私法保护制度的缺失,导致非物质文化遗产开发利用中权利主体制度、利益分配机制及利用限制制度缺失。非物质文化遗产的产权应授予来源群体与代表性传承人。对外国主体开发利用我国的非物质文化遗产的,应遵循事先知情同意原则,对本国主体开发利用非物质文化遗产的,应采法定许可原则。保障利益分享的制度模式应采以法律规定为依据的法定义务,对利用非物质文化遗产的利益分配可以利用"第三部门"来实现。从对权利主体的权利及开发利用两个方面确立限制制度。