试析台湾当局国家认同观与两岸政策

从国家认同观的视角看待台湾当局两岸统独政策,是研究台湾政治发展和两岸政治关系的一个重要课题;在"中国"国家认同观下,蒋介石、蒋经国时期形成了"两岸统一"政策;在"台湾定位"国家认同观下,李登辉时期制定了"两岸分治"政策;在"台湾"国家认同观下,陈水扁时期推行了"台湾独立"政策;在走向"一个中国"国家认同观下,马英九时期确立了"两岸终极统一"政策。     

我国妇女参政议政的历史变迁刍议

妇女解放是人类社会进步的重要尺度,而妇女参政议政则是妇女解放的高级形式。改革开放给妇女参政议政提供机遇和挑战的同时也为妇女参政议政开创了崭新局面,取得了令人瞩目的成就。新时期科学发展观的提出,进一步强调了妇女参政议政的时代诉求,我们必须按照科学发展观的要求进一步提升妇女参政议政的水平,让妇女真正起到"半边天"的作用。     

新一轮西部大开发需要建立良性循环的投融资模式

西部大开发战略实施以来,国家给予了西部大量财政和银行信贷的支持,但迄今为止,西部地区还没有建立良性循环的投融资体系,在新一轮西部大开发过程中,西部地区发展面临的最大难题依然是资金瓶颈。西部投融资如何实现从政府主导型开发模式向市场主导型模式的转变,事关新一轮西部大开发的成败。     

Advancing measures of innovation in the United States

This paper introduces major themes addressed in this special issue, which is based on NSF's Division of Science Resources Statistics (SRS) workshop Advancing Measures of Innovation—Knowledge Flows, Business Metrics, and Measurement Strategies, held on June 6-7, 2006 near Washington, D.C. The first two sections describe the workshop and provide a brief background on R & D and innovation metrics. The last section introduces the papers. They are based on selected workshop presentations along with additional invited papers.

Economics of court performance: an empirical analysis

This paper proposes an empirical analysis of Spanish court performance using the economic approach. An econometric model will be estimated in order to answer two basic questions: (1) why some courts’ output it is greater than others? (2) Could courts produce a higher output using their actual resources? In addition it will be determine, by means of an analysis of variance (ANOVA), whether courts showing higher than average output have dictated resolutions with a higher reversal rate.     

Politics and Corporate‐Sector Environmentally Significant Actions: The Effects of Political Partisanship on U.S. Utilities Energy Efficiency Policies

This study assesses the direct, indirect, and total impacts of political partisanship on state‐level utilities' investment in energy efficiency. This subject is of utmost importance because energy efficiency improvement has become a linchpin in worldwide efforts to combat climate change and other environmental challenges. Analysis of data on 51 electric utilities nested within 31 U.S. states indicates that political partisanship influences utilities' energy efficiency policies. There is strong evidence that electric utilities in states dominated by the Republican Party are less likely to invest in energy efficiency than those in states governed by the Democratic Party. This finding suggests that political partisanship may be shaping the policy and regulatory frameworks put in place by state governments to incentivize or compel the participation of private‐sector entities' in environmental management and/or resource conservation.     

Private authority and public policy interactions in global context: Governance spheres for problem solving

Private organizations play a growing role in governing global issues alongside traditional public actors such as states, international organizations, and subnational governments. What do we know about how private authority and public policy interact? What are the implications of answering this question for understanding support for, and effects of, policy development generally? The purpose of this article is to reflect on these questions by introducing, and reviewing, a special issue that challenges explicit claims, and implicit methodologies, that treat private and public governance realms as distinct and/or static. We do so by advancing a theoretical and conceptual framework with which to explore how the contributions to this special issue enhance an understanding about governance interactions across a range of empirical, sectoral, and regional domains. We specifically introduce the concept of governance spheres to capture the proliferation of issue domains denoted by highly fluid interactions across public and private governance boundaries.     

The symbiotic tensions of the regulatory–carceral state: The case of cannabis legalization

Recent scholarship has emphasized the need to develop a polymorphic conceptualization of the regulatory state. This article contributes to this theory-building project by outlining a research agenda for exploring the symbiotic interactions and tensions between the regulatory and carceral morphs of the state. Using the case study of cannabis legalization reforms in the United States, we argue that the legitimation deficits of the carceral state stimulate the proliferation of new regulatory frameworks for governing social problems that were traditionally handled by the criminal justice system. We demonstrate how the polymorphic approach illuminates the ways in which the regulatory and carceral morphs of the state compete for influence over shared policy domains, but also complement and reinforce one another. Thus, rather than precipitating the demise of the carceral state, cannabis legalization reforms sustain a bifurcated governance structure perpetuating long-standing patterns of using drug law as a means for racialized social control.     

论我国公民的免于匮乏权

美国前总统富兰克林.罗斯福面对经济危机提出了包括公民应该享有"免于匮乏的自由"的著名四大自由。我国的法学理论中虽然没有这一概念,但宪法中关于"国家合理安排积累和消费,兼顾国家、集体和个人的利益,在发展生产的基础上,逐步改善人民的物质生活和文化生活"的规定,实质上就是关于公民免于匮乏权的表述。本文从现代国家的职责、国家权利(义务)与公民权利(义务)关系的角度论述了保障公民免于匮乏权是国家的法律义务,不能将此任推给公民家庭及个人,并通过对我国实践的剖析,提出应当避免过度从政策层面、经济层面及公民个人努力层面对公民进行免于匮乏权保障的路径选择,而应靠国家义务性、实践路径上的法律制度性来实现。     

论醉酒人犯罪的刑事责任

醉酒分为生理醉酒、复杂性醉酒和病理性醉酒三大类。其中 ,只有生理醉酒的人为完全责任能力之人。原因中的自由行为是 (生理 )醉酒人犯罪负刑事责任根据的有力学说。行为人对醉酒的不同心态 ,也是考察生理醉酒中行为人醉酒后犯罪的刑事责任时 ,需要考虑的重要因素。