人质谈判中劫持者话语的理解

话语意义的听辨、话语信息的解读和话语动机的推导是劫持者话语理解的主要内容。劫持者话语的理解在谈判中意义重大,利于谈判人员谈判时有的放矢,利于警方有效地控制犯罪嫌疑人,保障人质的生命安全。     

论我国刑法分则规范的完善--以总分则之关系的合理定位为切入点

以刑法总则与分则之关系的合理定位为切入点,我们不难发现:刑法分则的不少条文并不符合刑法总则"但书"的规定;刑法分则的不少条文不符合刑法总则第14条、第15条的规定;刑法分则的不少条文不符合刑法总则关于数罪并罚的规定.另外,刑法分则将预备行为、教唆行为、帮助行为纳入到分则规范之中;具体犯罪的法定刑以犯罪既遂为模式;刑法分则规定特别自首制度、累犯制度,所有这些都不符合刑法总则与分则之关系的合理定位.相应地,这些分则条文应予完善.     

对法国刑事诉讼救济程序的几点思考

法国的法律制度在大陆法系国家中具有很强的代表性,其刑事诉讼法典规定系统、结构严谨、形式完备,其中的救济程序尤其体现出程序设计的精巧性和高超的技术性。本文运用横向比较方法,对法国的审前裁判的救济程序和审判裁判的救济程序进行简要梳理,力图为我国刑事诉讼法典的再次修改提供借鉴。     

Political uncertainty and corporate investment: Evidence from India

This article examines the relationship between political uncertainty and corporate investments in India. Using the data of 771 non-financial Indian firms for the period 2007 Q1 to 2020 Q4 and for three general elections, 2009, 2014, and 2019, the study confirms a significant negative impact of political uncertainty on corporate investments and a pronounced impact of political uncertainty on corporate investment in closely contested elections. Also, we find that corporate investment tends to rise post-election. Additionally, we find that the negative relationship between political uncertainty and corporate investment is more pronounced for politically sensitive industries and firms facing higher financial constraints.     

Intergovernmental transfers and fiscal equalization across the north-eastern states of India: Evidence from panel data

While numerous studies have tried to analyze the impact of intergovernmental transfers in fostering fiscal equalization in India, there need to be more studies in the context of north-eastern (NE) states. Situating in a geographically isolated and economically backward region, the states of NE India depend heavily on central fiscal transfers to meet expenditures and to promote various economic activities in the region. One of the essential objectives of these transfers is to achieve fiscal equity. Hence, the study attempts to analyze the fiscal equalizing nature of the intergovernmental transfers across NE India during 1991–2019. The coefficient of variation (CV) analysis results indicates that although fiscal transfers reduced the magnitude of disparity in the own-source revenue across the NE states, a significant amount of disparity still exists in the resource base across these states. The regression analysis findings suggest that the transfers across these states need to be more fiscal equalizing. The per capita gross state domestic product emerges as a positive and significant in predicting per capita transfers, and hence it questions the progressivity of central transfers. When assigning the interstate share of transfers, more weight should be placed on fiscal equalizing factors such as per capita income. The Finance Commission of India should emphasize fiscal equalizing criteria when allocating weights and recommending transfers to the NE States. Additionally, states with low incomes should be recognized in plan schemes.     

General courts,specialized courts,and the complementarity effect

Among the major decisions any legal system must make is deciding whether to establish general courts with broad jurisdiction, or specialized courts with limited jurisdiction. Under one influential argument—advanced by both judges and legal theorists—general courts foster coherence within the legal system. This Article identifies a distinct effect of establishing general courts: the “complementarity effect.” In the case of complementarity, general courts strategically apply different principles in different fields, such that litigants losing in one sphere (e.g., public law) are compensated in another (e.g., private law). We support this conjecture by analyzing three case studies.     

行政紧急权的价值及法律规制

行政紧急权是一种在紧急状态下受必要的民主宪政的分权制约和人权保障原则实质性制约,由行政机关集中行使的国家权力,其目的是为了应对紧急情况对国家正常秩序的威胁和侵害,以尽快地恢复正常秩序及实现保障人权的最终目标。在紧急状态下赋予政府集中扩张的紧急权力,克服现代民主宪政制度的缺乏效率的局限性,尽快地恢复正常的社会秩序。但是必须在宪政框架下对这种强化的行政权严格加以规制,给予必要的制约与监督,防止行政紧急权的滥用。     

刑事立法语言之技术特点

刑事立法语言具有立法语言的一般共性 ,要求准确、明确、通俗、简约、庄重及严谨。但刑事立法语言又具有自己的特殊性 ,其区别于其它立法语言的技术特点是 :第一 ,刑事立法语言突出表现罪刑关系 ;第二 ,刑事立法语言以明确性为主 ,兼顾弹力性 ;第三 ,刑法用语的专门性、专业性 ;最后 ,刑事立法语言中句式的特定性。     

人格权法若干基本问题研究--兼论我国未来民法典在相关问题上的立法选择

通过比较民法对人格利益保护的范围与对财产利益、身份利益保护的范围的差异,人格利益的保护范围具有全面性特征;通过分析影响一般人格权涵义和特征的因素,我国未来民法典中的一般人格权应具有主体的普遍性、抽象性、概括性、性质的复合性以及效力上的补充性特征;通过对民法上各种保护人格利益模式的比较分析,我国未来民法典应当选择具体人格权 单一形式一般人格权模式。     

作为基本权利的人格尊严及其规范意涵——以“卖淫女示众事件”为例

人格尊严早已入宪,成为中国宪法上的基本权利,但其对政府行为的规制功能远未显现出来。结合深圳"卖淫女示众事件",基于规范法学的立场,通过阐释我国《宪法》第38条的意旨与内涵——作为基本权利的人格尊严(一般人格权)所具有的规范功能,归纳出宪法上人格权保护体系之逻辑结构,即规定"人格尊严(一般人格权)+某些具体人格权"应成为宪法对人格权进行调整的模式,以期对学界在此问题上存在的一些歧见予以澄清。