知识产权管理和保障的政府职能研究——以陕西省产业技术创新战略联盟为例

产业技术创新战略联盟的良性发展,有赖于规范高效的知识产权管理和保障机制。从一定意义上讲,以政策立法为依据的政府知识产权激励、保障、服务和监督规范四大职能构成了联盟知识产权外部管理和保障机制的核心要素。健全产业技术创新战略联盟政府知识产权管理保障职能,应建立更为完整细致的知识产权规范体系,改进知识产权激励职能,优化知识产权服务职能,健全知识产权保障职能,明确知识产权监督规范职能。     

人工智能与公共管理研究:技术可能性、议题重构和治理创新

人工智能对于人类社会的变革影响引起了公共管理领域的普遍重视,但在强人工智能以及人工智能必然导致自动化、智能化社会形态的前提假设下,相关研究可能继承了技术决定论的局限思维,从而低估了人工智能对于人类社会的潜在贡献。自然科学视角对于强人工智能的否定揭示了人工智能所具有的多种技术可能性,在此基础上从个体、组织、全球三个层面的议题重构更多强调人类自身以及人类社会活动的产物对于人工智能发展及其社会变革过程的影响,而由此启发学科、制度、政策三方面治理创新进而推动相关理论和实践以更为开放的态度面对新技术带来的变革与影响。     

What Foster the Climate for Merit?: Test of a Mediation Model

ABSTRACT

The failure of performance management in the public sector can be conceived as the failure to create the right climate for merit. This study proposes a mediation model explaining howorganizational climate for merit can be fostered. The analysis of the 2015 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey reveals that constructive use of effective performance feedback and encouraging participation will help create a climate for merit and that such associations were mediated by organizational justice perception and trust toward their supervisor.     

Fighting risk with risk: solar radiation management,regulatory drift,and minimal justice

ABSTRACT

Solar radiation management (SRM) has been proposed as a means of mitigating climate change. Although SRM poses new risks, it is sometimes proposed as the ‘lesser evil’. I consider how research and implementation of SRM could be regulated, drawing on what I call a ‘precautionary checklist’, which includes consideration of the longer term political implications of technical change. Particular attention is given to the moral hazard of ‘regulatory drift’, in which strong initial regulation softens through complacency, deliberate deregulation (‘regulatory gift’) and the limited constituency of people with the skills to regulate (‘thin markets’). I propose the strengthening of civil society groups to keep regulators in check.     

后全球化的文化生态演化:从同质化到分形化

20世纪的"全球化"是全球同质化时代。21世纪的世界从全球化走向后全球化,国际关系从美国主导的全球体系分裂,形成不同质的文化实体之间的并置冲突。随着网络媒体的发展,文化冲突从传统的政治、民族、宗教冲突格局扩散开来,转向流动、多维的分形化复杂关系;由网络新媒体的微分化传播造成的分形传播与交流新生态将对全球文化的未来发展趋势尤其是构建人类命运共同体的需要产生深刻影响。     

外行领导内行?——专业型组织、专家型领导与新冠肺炎疫情防控

专业型组织或知识密集型组织的核心员工都是专业人士,如何对他们进行有效领导一直存在争议。专家型领导理论认为要内行领导内行,但干部管理制度在实际运行时通常导致外行领导内行。本文以新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情防控为案例,对地方卫生健康部门的领导干部履历进行分析,探究如何通过专家型领导来强化科学防控。对于专业型组织而言,应尽可能选派专家型领导,不应过分强调内行领导内行,专业知识和技能只是领导胜任力的维度之一。不同层级和部门的领导干部需要具备不同的能力组合,可以通过加强轮岗和培训来提升他们的全面领导能力。     

Understanding the Magic of Credibility for Political Leaders: A Case of India and Narendra Modi

The field of political marketing has majorly benefited from the use of social media platforms. This has been true both for eastern and western contexts. The primary areas in political marketing that have majorly benefited from the social media usage have been the political leader and the evaluations of the leader by the voters. In the Indian context too, the use of social media techniques has been hailed as the Holy Grail of political marketing. This estimation is quite apposite. Nevertheless, what must not be forgotten is that the complexities of the bonding between political leaders and voters are not only premised primarily on the efficacy of social media techniques but also include other key dimensions. Thus, this article focuses on the importance of credibility as a key dimension. This dimension is inevitable to make social media techniques as effective as they are in political marketing. To substantiate this, we have comprehensively engaged with the fields such as traits of political leaders, crisis management and collaboration. These deliberations have been contextualized to the case of Narendra Modi, the prime minister of India. Further, these deliberations culminate in an effective framework. Academicians and practitioners of political marketing can extensively utilize this framework.     

A mission-driven research program on solar geoengineering could promote justice and legitimacy

ABSTRACT

Over the past decade or so, several commentators have called for mission-driven research programs on solar geoengineering, also known as solar radiation management (SRM) or climate engineering. Building on the largely epistemic reasons offered by earlier commentators, this paper argues that a well-designed mission-driven research program that aims to evaluate solar geoengineering could promote justice and legitimacy, among other valuable ends. Specifically, an international, mission-driven research program that aims to produce knowledge to enable well-informed decision-making about solar geoengineering could (1) provide a more effective way to identify and answer the questions that policymakers would need to answer; and (2) provide a venue for more efficient, effective, just, and legitimate governance of solar geoengineering research; while (3) reducing the tendency for solar geoengineering research to exacerbate international domination. Thus, despite some risks and limitations, a well-designed mission-driven research program offers one way to improve the governance of solar geoengineering research relative to the ‘investigator-driven’ status quo.     

试论我国心理危机干预机制构建的有效途径

大量研究表明重大突发事件和自然灾害的发生会对个体心理造成不同程度的伤害,有的甚至绵延几十年甚至伴随终生。我国的心理危机干预工作从新疆克拉玛依火灾事件开始,至今已有二十年,虽然得到了社会的关注,参与者也越来越多,现阶段干预工作中却仍然暴露出无序性、盲目性、重复性、缺乏持续性等问题。我国心理危机干预长效机制的构建,应从法制建设、政府角色、社区服务和人力资源建设等方面形成"政府为主导,社区为基本点"的格局。