政社互动：创新社会管理背景下的行政法新模式

在我国“全能政府”的传统治理模式难以满足社会发展需求的情况下,吸收公众的广泛参与和社会组织的协同治理成为公共行政改革的必然选项。同时,在加强创新社会管理背景下,社会管理的行政模式也由传统的“机关行政”向“公共行政”转变,政府与社会之间的关系也不再是一种领导和被领导、指挥和被指挥的关系,而应该是一种平等合作、政社良性互动的关系。现代行政法也是以民主行政和合作治理为基础的行政法。更强调社会的自治和参与。因此,当代公共行政社会化背景下的政府与社会的关系理应是一种合作信任关系,相应地公共行政模式也就是“政社互动”新模式。     

Knowledge free and ‘unfree’: Epistemic tensions in plant knowledge at the Cape in the 17th and 18 th centuries1

ABSTRACT

This article utilises the same epistemic objects, particular indigenous medicinal plants of the Cape region, to explore the gamut of epistemologies in contested, dynamic tension in the early Cape Colony: That of the frontiersman, the Khoikhoi, the Sonqua or Sankwe, and the slave. Drawing on a transdisciplinary set of literatures, the article puts Africana studies, the study of indigenous knowledge systems, and social studies of science and technology in wider conversation with each other, and argues for the adoption of an epistemic openness, methodologies which ‘braid’ seemingly separate strands of social history and differing knowledge practices, and cross-border collaboration among scholars of African and African diasporic knowledges. The findings and interpretation suggest new ways to view the ‘multiplexity’ of early indigenous southern African botanical, therapeutic and ecological knowledges, as well as the necessity for rethinking both the construction of colonial sciences and contemporary concerns about indigenous knowledge, biosciences and their 21^st century interaction.     

From Emigrant to Immigrant Society

Abstract

As the host of complex factors that give rise to forced and voluntary migration change over time, the history of migration in any one country also changes. This paper is concerned with the processes of transition and change in migration patterns in the Republic of Ireland over the past fifteen years, as Ireland has moved from being a country of net emigration to one of net immigration. More specifically this paper considers the manner in which, as immigration acquires a negative label through reactive state policies enabled legislative provisions both migrant and local population groups focus on resource-based tensions. As a result, a complex set of barriers emerges to inhibit the formation (by migrants) of extensive social networks within Irish society and ultimately to restrict general social interaction and integration. This paper considers the manner in which, migrant interaction with the host society becomes more limited and of less relevance to the individual when social interaction takes place in the context of a heightened sense of difference and of barriers between local and migrant groups. As a consequence, the barriers and boundaries between the immigrant and the local population are further reinforced.     

The Contingent Public Value of ‘Good Design’: Regulating the Aesthetics of the Australian Urban Built Environment

The proposition that the urban built environment can, and indeed should, be made more visually attractive is a long‐standing feature of the governance of Australian cities. In this vein, this paper examines how ‘good design’ in terms of visual aesthetics is currently pursued including through the development assessment process and the work of government architects. The paper begins by tracing the background of contemporary regulatory practice from long‐standing ideas around beauty and its value through to the urban design movement of today. Next, it considers in more detail various rationales for aesthetic governance and what might be better forms of regulatory practice. In short, it will be argued that while there can be scope for regulation to deliver superior outcomes, this practice must be sensitive to a high degree of contingency in what the public values and that deliberate empirical inquiry into the latter is desirable.     

媒体与司法之间的良性互动

舆论监督对司法独立的影响分为两步：一是新闻媒体通过报道或是对案件的评价让公众了解案件的前因后果;二是公众依据所收到的报道对这类事件产生看法和意见。在这两个阶段中,媒体不仅扮演着媒介的角色,也扮演着＂引导者＂的角色。在媒体的＂引导＂下,公众的情绪就构成社会舆论,它会直接影响执法者对案件的审判,从而影响司法独立。     

中西诚信伦理的主要差异

中西方对“诚信”的研究和应用有悠远的历史,并在目前的企业管理中有成功的实践。从各自发展历史看,中国传统的道德诚信与西方文化中的道德诚信具有基本相同的内涵和要求,但由于社会制度和文化传统的差异,在具体的理解上,两者存在着实质性的区别,并由此影响了不同文化背景下诚信行为表现特征上的差异。     

Trajectory Reconstruction Through Analysis of Trace Evidence in Bullet–Intermediate Target Interaction by SEM/EDX

Abstract:  A young male was shot to death by a police officer with a Chinese Type 64 7.62 mm pistol when he was dealing with an aggravated assault arising from a traffic accident. By using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), trace deposits on the discharged bullet and the intermediate target, i.e., a concrete telegraph pole at the scene, were identified to be from each other. The result demonstrated the bullet causing the death ricocheted from the concrete telegraph pole before striking the victim, thus indicating the incident was accidental. The case report illustrates the evidential value of trace materials derived, respectively, from discharged bullets and intermediate targets in bullet–intermediate target interaction for trajectory reconstruction. In addition, it indicates that the SEM/EDX method with its nondestructive nature, compared to other methods, may be more helpful in certain situations in determining the origins of trace evidentially valuable deposits on substrates.     

论行政体制改革与宪政的互动

行政体制改革与宪政的互动是二者关系的实质体现,它一方面要求宪政必须为行政体制改革的启动和展开提供基本框架,进而指引和规范行政体制改革;另一方面,行政体制改革也必须张扬宪政的价值诉求,实践宪政的制度安排,从而促进宪政的发展与完善.两者的相得益彰需要经济体制、政治体制、社会体制、财政体制的配套改革以形成整体合力支撑.     

占有改定与善意取得 兼论民法规范漏洞的填补

占有改定和善意取得的关系,考验着法律人的抽象思维能力和具体情形中符合事理的判断力,需要运用成文法解释模式进行法律论证。在物权法的意义脉络中,立法文本所表述的交付概念从未涵括占有改定。作为法律拟制产物的占有改定,其物权变动效果不等同于现实交付,与善意取得之间具有不相容性。占有改定的物权合意只能在传来取得的情形中产生效力,在善意取得的情形中则不生效力。为填补规范漏洞,物权法第106条所言交付应作目的论限缩解释,以免法律激励出坏的交易风险,有悖于此条款追求交易安全的价值取向。     

无权处分行为的内涵及效力研究

在中国债权形式主义的物权变动立法模式下,无权处分行为包括订立无权处分合同的法律行为和履行该合同的事实行为。无权处分合同有效论,符合中国法律规定和现实生活的需要,也不会损害原权利人的利益.