理解公共行政的新维度:政府与社会的互动

长期以来,对公共行政的理解是一种从政府角度的理解,其主旨是以官僚为中心,二分法和三个途径说是这一理解的代表性观点。随着新公共管理和治理的出现,这种传统的理解已经不足以对公共行政进行全面而准确的解释。公共行政生态的变化需要一种新的理解,即超越政府,从政府与社会组织共治的角度去加以理解,以期对公共行政有一种更全面的解释,并从中发现一些带有规律性的东西。     

立足检察职能 打防互动 提高专业预防水平——着眼于犯罪人的主观维度思考

近年来,检察机关在严厉惩办职务犯罪的同时,更加注重职务犯罪预防工作。防不离打,确定职务犯罪预防工作的基本范围;打不离防,实现职务犯罪预防工作的根本目的;打防互动,侦防一体,有效提高专业预防水平。     

日本女性教育家与近代女子教育

近代日本的一些女教育家们参与或独立创办女子学校,鲜明地提出了自己的教育思想和理念,实施各具特色的教育方针,为近代日本女子教育的发展做出了重要贡献,在日本女子教育史乃至日本教育史上写下了壮丽的篇章。本文将从教育思想和理念、学校的影响以及社会活动等方面,来说明这些女教育家及其女子学校在近代日本女子教育史上的地位及作用,并在此基础上对女性与教育的互动作用做一些思考。     

Trade Measures and Climate Compliance: Institutional Interplay Between WTO and the Marrakesh Accords

This article examines the potential of trade measures to induce more climate-friendly policies, focusing on the relationship between global trade rules and the Kyoto climate regime. At the core of this interplay is the normative consistency of trade-related rules in the two regimes and any hierarchical relationship between them. The stronger clout of the WTO and its compulsory dispute settlement system suggest that issues involving competing claims would be referred to WTO bodies. Such bodies have so far been restrictive regarding the exceptions in WTO agreements to the general ban on embargoes and discrimination. The normative compatibility of the two regimes will also depend on their participatory interplay, specifically how they differentiate groups of actors as to rights and obligations. Non-members of WTO receive the least protection, and their vulnerability to climate-related trade measures is largely determined by their interdependence with states that consider employment of such measures. Among WTO members, the findings of a dispute settlement body would presumably differ depending on the status of the target under the Kyoto Protocol. A non-complier with Kyoto commitments would be more shielded than a non-party, because by joining the Kyoto regime a non-complier has exposed itself to regime-internal and less trade intrusive measures that should be exhausted first. A third dimension of interplay is linkage, or efforts to influence the regime interplay. To date there has only been moderate cross-agency coordination, but considerable attention is paid within each regime, including in the Millennium Round of trade negotiations, to the desirability of avoiding conflict between them.     

侦查目的的社会学考察——以国家与市民社会的关系为框架

侦查作为国家调节社会的一种手段,其目的的研究不应仅从刑事诉讼的狭隘的视角进行考察,而且还要从社会学的角度进行界定。以国家与市民社会的“良性互动”为框架界定侦查目的,对侦查构造、刑事诉讼构造的改革具有基础性的意义。     

卓越管理的“黄金法则”——试论加强行政伦理建设

行政伦理,也就是关于“治国”的伦理。它是执政党、国家机构和全体公职人员在治理国家的过程中,以权、责、利的统一为基础,以协调个人、组织与社会的关系为核心的行政行为准则和规范系统。行政伦理在“以德治国”中具有关键性价值。行政伦理失范的问题目前较为普遍。主要原因之一是行政运作过程中缺乏最基本的行政伦理规范和法制秩序。从自律性特点分析,需要加强行政伦理的养成机制建设,就是要加强行政伦理的教育与修养;从他律性特点分析,需要加强行政伦理的监督机制建设,不但要完善现有的法律,加大执法力度,而且要加快对行政伦理立法。     

权力监督与诚信政府的建立——公法文化视野中的中国古代诚信

以儒家为主的传统诚信观有自身的规定性 ,其关注的是培养非经济因素的“修齐治平”型君子人格。早熟的人本主义、性善论以及帝国全力体制自身的缺陷及其他因素使得中国古代的诚信政府难以建立。     

论公序良俗的判断标准

法官在判断公序良俗的过程中,应当尽量抛弃其主观好恶等个人因素。在判断标准的选择上,法官应考虑当事人所属的民族与地域,适当借鉴经验主义标准与唯心主义标准,顾及普通人的感受与专家的评判。在进行判断时,法官既要重视普通人中间的流行意见,又要防止多数人的暴政。     

善于学习、敢于胜利的党——对85年党史观察思考之一

85年的党史是极其丰富的宝藏,认真研究我们党善于学习,勇夺胜利这方面的经验教训,更自觉地在新世纪的实践中运用和发展,是纪念党的生日的很好的实际行动,特别要在现实的切入点上下功夫。     

PARENT-CHILD OBSERVATIONS IN CUSTODY EVALUATIONS

Child custody evalutors need to increase the scientific foundations of their work, both for the benefit of clients and to address criticisms of the field. Observations of parents with children potentially yield huge amounts of data, and it is important for evaluators to consistently apply scientific and professional principles to make sense of all that information. Recommendations for observation sessions are made that integrate theory, research, and practice. These recommendations include the most important interactional dimensions to focus on, which family members to have present, the optimal level of stress, the number of sessions needed, and considerations about home visits.