Using previous DNA casework data to aid decision making in the process of DNA profile interpretation

In this study, a DNA decision support tool was developed. With this tool we aim to gain insight in what actions are performed with which (types of) DNA profiles in casework, to improve decision making by DNA experts in future cases.     

东盟部长会议的发展与演变

本文考察了东盟重要的决策机构--部长会议的发展与演变过程,指出东盟部长会议的二元性直接导致了东盟决策缺乏有效性和统一性.     

The consequences of political disagreement in interpersonal communication: New insights from a comparative perspective

Political disagreement in interpersonal communication increases attitudinal ambivalence and can depress voter turnout. These effects seem to be driven by a wish to avoid social controversy rather than informational gains from encountering other opinions. This article shows that political disagreement in interpersonal communication increases the difficulty of deciding for which party to vote. Moreover, this effect is a result of social disapproval of one's party preference, while political expertise in interpersonal communication has no effect. For voter turnout, no direct effect of social disapproval of one's party preference is found. However, disapproval has an indirect influence on turnout via difficulty of vote choice. In sum, both political attitudes and political behaviour are affected by social pressures. Students of political attitudes and behaviour should try to include interpersonal discussion in their models in greater detail than is common practice today.     

公安决策失误的原因分析及对策研究

近年来,公安机关致力于决策的科学化、民主化建设,初步构建和完善了现代的决策体制和决策程序,制定了相应的规则与制度。但由于决策者过于注重自身利益、素质不高、权力过于集中、缺乏相应的责任追究机制和有效的监督机制等原因,导致决策失误的情况不断发生。公安决策的正确与否关系公安工作的成败,因此,严格决策程序、建立责任追究机制、提高决策者素质、健全决策监督和反馈制度和引入公民参与等措施是防止公安决策失误的必然选择。     

医事刑法的基础理论

用法学的观点来宏观探讨医疗问题的学问就是医事法学。医事刑法学则是对刑法领域中的医疗与刑法相互交差的问题作理论和实践研究,以探讨医疗问题中刑法应该介入的领域或场合,其目的在于保护国民的生命和健康。在医事刑法的领域,必须坚持刑法的行为主义、罪刑法定主义、责任主义和谦抑性原则,但同时更要尊重人的尊严和患者的自我决定权,尊重医疗的正当程序法理,在存疑时坚持以生命利益优先。     

基于DEA模型的我国政府社会管理职能绩效评价研究——以30个省(直辖市、自治区)为统计样本的实证分析

政府社会管理职能绩效评价是政府管理中的一个重点和难点问题。本文采用数据包络分析模型对中国30个省(直辖市、自治区)的政府社会管理职能绩效进行时空差异分析和实证评价。研究发现,30个省(直辖市、自治区)的政府社会管理职能绩效具有空间差异性、雁行形态和区域梯度性、时间动态变化性、结构复杂性特征。为进一步提高我国政府社会管理职能绩效,本文提出了有关对策建议。     

欧盟区域刑事合作进程中的制度缺陷与对策——从《马斯特里赫特条约》到《里斯本条约》

从《马斯特里赫特条约》到《里斯本条约》,随着一体化进程的不断发展,欧盟逐步加强了对内部区域刑事合作的影响。但是,这种变化的＂代价＂则分别体现为：成员国全体一致的决策机制、＂框架决定＂立法中的＂民主赤字＂,以及成员国利用＂紧急刹车＂条款以规避关乎其切身利益的敏感立法的适用等。本文重点探讨这些制度缺陷,进而评析欧盟在相关问题上的对策。     

Examining the Use of Disciplinary Segregation within and across Prisons

Prison officials have historically been afforded considerable discretion to administer sanctions designed to maintain order and security within a prison. Such discretion can generate disparate treatment of offender groups, but few studies have investigated whether sanction disparities exist within prisons, despite considerable research on sanctioning decisions made by other criminal justice actors. We use data collected from a nationally representative sample of inmates housed in state operated confinement facilities to examine potential influences of prison officials’ decisions to impose one type of sanction—disciplinary segregation. Multi-level analyses reveal that both legally relevant criteria such as prior misconduct history and extralegal factors such as age and holding a prison job affected whether an inmate was placed in disciplinary segregation for a rule violation. Also, prisons in which a greater proportion of the inmate population is involved in prison work and prisons with a higher density of inmates classified minimum-security use disciplinary segregation less frequently.     

论暴力犯罪死刑裁量规范的等级化

通过对我国《刑法》分则中的27个暴力犯罪死刑罪名的规范分析,个罪的死刑裁量规范的犯罪类型与刑罚类型的规定存在差异。犯罪类型分为基本犯、加重犯和特别加重犯,刑罚类型分为刑种配置和处罚方式。由此构成暴力犯罪死刑裁量的量刑规范等级,包括罪质构成与刑罚配置两个方面。各种不同的罪质构成与刑罚配置的量刑规范等级都在立法规定上限制了...