夫妻生育权冲突的法律救济

在婚姻关系中,夫妻双方的生育权处于对立统一的关系。夫妻双方均享有平等的生育权,夫妻生育权利的行使和实现有赖于夫妻双方的协力与配合,应当通过协商方式加以解决。其中,妻子一方享有生育的天然优势,完全有权实行意思自治。法律在保护女性生育权的同时,对男性生育权也应予以肯定和保护。当夫妻之间发生生育权冲突时,应由当事人协商或第三人调解解决;在双方无法达成合意的情况下,离婚便成为解决夫妻生育权冲突的合理途径。     

Analytical Fingerprint of Wolframite Ore Concentrates

Ongoing violent conflicts in Central Africa are fueled by illegal mining and trading of tantalum, tin, and tungsten ores. The credibility of document‐based traceability systems can be improved by an analytical fingerprint applied as an independent method to confirm or doubt the documented origin of ore minerals. Wolframite (Fe,Mn)WO₄ is the most important ore mineral for tungsten and is subject to artisanal mining in Central Africa. Element concentrations of wolframite grains analyzed by laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry are used to establish the analytical fingerprint. The data from ore concentrate samples are multivariate, not normal or log‐normal distributed. The samples cannot be regarded as representative aliquots of a population. Based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov distance, a measure of similarity between a sample in question and reference samples from a database is determined. A decision criterion is deduced to recognize samples which do not originate from the declared mine site.     

中国特色社会主义是动摇不得和动摇不了的伟大旗帜

中国特色社会主义是时代的要求、党和人民的科学选择。这是党和国家动摇不得和动摇不了的伟大旗帜，我们更要在应对四种挑战中，把这伟大旗帜举得更高，为人类文明作出更多的贡献。     

法国预审制度新论

法国的预审制度与纠问式诉讼相伴而生，而非资产阶级大革命的产物。法国的初级预审既具有侦查性，亦具有司法裁判性；既是侦查程序，又是起诉审查程序。侦查是法国预审法官的重要工作，但这种侦查具有启动的被动性，预审法官在侦查中居于中立地位，其侦查活动带有明显的司法性。研究法国的预审制度，对重构我国的预审制度具有重要意义。     

Economic Efficiency in a World of Frictions

As the literature has given increasing attention to the roles played by transaction costs and bounded rationality in shaping economic outcomes, attempts have been made to redefine the concept of economic efficiency. The traditional criterion, which is linked to the standard Pareto conditions, is said to lead to the nirvana fallacy. The newer, alternative definitions, however, are also open to criticism on grounds that they involve contradictory assumptions. It appears that, for logical consistency to hold, only a loose, qualitative definition of allocative efficiency can be established for a system in which decision makers have limited cognitive capacity and both transaction and deliberation costs are positive. Given this interpretation, the analytical focus should shift from concern with narrow technical issues of allocative efficiency to a consideration of how legal, social and other constraints can be changed to improve economic performance.     

论刑事鉴定启动权制度

刑事鉴定启动权制度不仅反映了一个国家司法鉴定制度的基本特征，也体现了一国诉讼制度设计的模式，更影响一国权利保障体系的配置结构。我国刑事诉讼法的再修改应当对公诉案件与自诉案件架构不同的鉴定启动机制。公诉案件在保留现存鉴定启动权制度下赋予当事人鉴定的申请权，增加当事人对鉴定机构和鉴定人的选择权，并对职能部门的启动鉴定权进行限制性制约，在完善鉴定结论“告知”制度的同时，建立“立证、留鉴、备鉴”制度；自诉案件实行当事人启动权制度：建立与诉讼制度、证据制度相协调的鉴定启动权制度。     

地方参与中央决策的法治建构——以整顿地方政府驻京办为例

地方政府驻京办事处构成了中央与地方关系中纵横交错的权力关系网络的极其关键性的结点,成为地方参与中央决策,尤其是影响中央转移支付决策的有效途径之一,亦成为中央与地方关系非法治化的表征。机构体制改革的目标之一是理顺中央与地方的关系,进行地方参与中央决策的制度建构,以地方制度和民主监督的新安排来取代中央的管理职能,即实现中央与地方关系的法治化。整顿规范"驻京办现象"势必推动中央与地方关系的法治化进程。     

略论公安现役部队党委决策能力的增强

以科学发展观为指导提高部队党委决策能力要有明确的目标指向：更好地履行维护国家安全和社会稳定，保障人民安居乐业的职责和使命。善于从诸多繁杂的工作任务中，分清主导与从属，普遍与特殊，把共性的原则性要求变为抓工作部署和落实的具体措施。要把部队领导促进发展的能力建设与组织的发展质量的提升紧密地结合起来，通过考察对部队建设的总体目标的落实情况来改进干部任用决策活动。经费预算要做到出之有度，支配经费要做到用之有德。对热点难点问题进行前瞻性研究，运用利益均衡原则进行论证，适时检视实际效果。     

论民事诉讼中的心证公开

《最高人民法院关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》(以下简称《证据规定》)初步确立了我国的心证公开制度,心证公开的程序价值表现为两个方面:一、心证公开是自由心证的客观化机制;二、心证公开是辩论主义的补充并与阐明制度、判决理由的论证制度相连接。《证据规定》规定的判决理由的论证制度,在内容上还存在不完善、不科学之处;《证据规定》确立的阐明制度尚不彻底。要实现心证公开制度的制度功能,必须进一步完善《证据规定》中判决理由的论证制度和阐明制度。