略论方法牵连犯中的方法行为

牵连犯属于刑法理论中的难点之一,在司法实践中影响也较大,在定罪量刑方面起到重要的作用。本文通过对方法牵连犯中的方法行为进行分析,提出方法行为与方法、实行行为、预备行为等概念的区别,以便实践中对方法牵连犯的准确把握。     

英国出口信贷担保署的运作方法及其法律问题

英国出口信贷担保署(ECGD)作为发达国家官方支持的出口信用保险机构已有80余年的历史。其运作方法及其提供的几种主要担保服务通过承担出口货物的保险和担保业务,从而减缓外贸信贷风险,便利出口商从银行和其他金融机构得到资金融通,以扩大对外贸易。为了对我国年轻的出口信用保险业务的发展提供法学视野的支持,本文试图分析英国出口信贷担保署这一机构成功运作的法律原理并且尝试评论这些法律原理是否已经能够有效地保障国际贸易中各方当事人的利益。     

解读技术非中性论

在技术非中性论看来，现代技术在本质上是非中性的，具有先验性、普遍性、自主自律性、宗教性的基本特征，是构成支配社会历史发展和人的生存命运的惟一逻辑。技术非中性论对技术地位作用的绝对化强调，否定了人的创造性实践活动在社会历史发展中的根基性决定地位，忽视了人与技术之间的相互作用。     

对吸毒人员回归社会的社会学思考

吸毒人员回归社会是一个世界性的难题 ,各国都在寻找有效的解决途径。本文拟从社会学的角度对此进行探讨 ,从而得出 :充分发挥各种社会化主体的作用 ,综合运用各种社会控制手段是帮助吸毒人员回归社会的关键环节和有效途径 ;通过实践 ,可以总结经验 ,探索规律 ,寻求使吸毒人员回归社会的方法和模式。     

对马克思主义哲学体系的思考——从“实践本体论”谈起

马克思主义哲学体系一直是学术界研究的焦点问题。文章从实践本体论出发,指出在把“实践”的观点贯彻到马克思主义哲学体系的过程中,由于没有给予实践“本体论”的地位,所以引起了理论与教学的混乱。文章从时代主题、理论创新、教学改革三个方面探讨了解决这个问题的迫切性,提出应在实践本体论的基础上构建新的马克思主义哲学体系,并把“实践”的观点深入贯彻到各个部分。     

论《旅游权利法案》的国际法性质及在我国的适用

《旅游权利法案》是世界旅游组织制定的规范性文件，属习惯国际法，可通过国家实践和法律确信在内国得到适用。我国在制定旅游基本法时应转化和吸纳其相关原则、制度与规范，以国家立法形式使《旅游权利法案》在我国得到适用。     

胡锦涛“以人为本”思想的实践及效果——以汶川抗震救灾为中心的考察

2008年5月12日汶川特大地震发生后,以胡锦涛为首的党中央切实贯彻以人为本思想,以人的权利和需要为本,关注人民生命权和生存权,满足心理、健康和发展需要;以灾情就是命令、时间就是生命,人命关天、救灾无国界,信息全面、公开、透明,首次为遇难民众设立全国哀悼日等四个与时俱进的救灾特色,实践了以人为本的思想,收到了良好的效果,获得了各国媒体的好评。     

对教育与生产劳动相结合的再认识

教育与生产劳动相结合是马克思主义的教育基本原理 ,也是现代生产和现代教育的基本规律。但在教育实践发展的过程中出现了一些不良倾向和问题 ,需要对其做理论探源 ,并结合时代发展 ,重新认识其内涵、目的、内容和途径     

论法律人工智能的法理逻辑

法律人工智能的法理是"实践之法理",是证成法律人工智能实践之正当性的理据,它反映人工智能的技术理性与法律实践理性相融合以揭示法律运行的规律和特征,是"法外之理"的又一阐释。法律人工智能的法理逻辑在于辩护和证成,其价值不仅为法律人工智能提供法理解释和学理支撑,还在于规范和引导法律人工智能的发展。法律融合人工智能有其天然条件,探究其蕴含之法理是法律融合科技之法理的新命题,法理形式理性是辩护法律人工智能之法理的本质特征。法理之要义应在于指导人工智能理解和遵循立法及司法规律,符合法律任务的特征,满足法律实践的需求,定位和发挥"辅助手"的作用,最大限度地发挥人工智能的技术优势。     

Influence of storage on larval length and age determination of the forensically important blow fly Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

One of the main tasks in forensic entomology is the determination of the minimum post-mortem interval (PMI_min) based on the age of the juvenile insects feeding and developing on the dead body. An important task is to store the evidence appropriately so that the evaluation and expert report can be used in court. However, existing recommendations can be contradictory or lacking scientific validation, e.g. by proposing various preservation liquids without knowing whether and to what extent the period of storage in such a liquid has an effect on the length of the preserved larvae. Storage time can be an issue since, due to technical and procedural circumstances, killed larvae may be stored for hours, days, weeks or even longer prior length measurement. A changed body length would have consequences for the entomological report, as the age of the larvae is usually derived from their length.This study investigates the effect of four differently concentrated ethanol solutions (70%, 80%, 90% and 96%) during a storage period of up to 196 days on the body length of stored larvae of the forensically important blow fly species L. sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Larvae of different ages (24 h, 48 h and 72 h after hatching) were killed by immersion in hot, non-boiling water (≥80 °C) for at least 30 s. Their lengths were measured immediately. Subsequently samples were stored in ethanol of appropriate concentration at room temperature (approx. 22 °C). Further length measurements were made at 16 different storage intervals between 1 and 196 days.Many specimens showed a length decrease for most storage conditions and all larval ages. However, there was a tendency for 48 h- and 72 h-old larvae to increase in length after the first days of storage of up to 1.1 mm which may lead to an erroneous overestimation of the PMI_min using this kind of specimens. All changes in length within each cohort over total time were in the range of +7% to −9.1%. Significant differences in length changes within the first days of storage were found mainly in larvae stored in 70%- and 80%-ethanol, but larvae stored in 90%- and 96%-ethanol showed first significant differences on day 56 at the earliest.Our results lead to the recommendation that the measurements of fly larvae samples should be taken immediately after killing and before storage to avoid any effects. Ethanol ≥90% should be used for storage.