重大环境污染事故罪主观方面之严格责任辨析

英关法系的严格责任和我国民法的过错推定实质是一致的,它没有违背主客观相统一原则,没有否认罪过作为犯罪构成的必要构成要素,它仍是过错责任的一部分。环境污染具有众多特殊性,为了应对这种特殊性,更好地打击环境犯罪,维护公共利益和保护公民的合法权益,重大环境污染事故罪主观方面的认定中应引进严格责任。作为客观归罪的绝对责任应排除在本罪主观方面之外。     

The return of the empire? Russia's counteraction to transatlantic democracy promotion in its near abroad

Russia's recent actions in its neighbourhood have not only upset Western policies but have also reinvigorated arguments that Russia may be promoting autocracy to counteract democracy promotion by the European Union and the United States. They have also underlined a broader problem: that of how illiberal powers may react to democracy promotion, especially when their strategic interests are at stake. This article investigates these issues by studying Russia's interactions with the countries in its neighbourhood and democracy promoters. First, the article argues that even if Russia has contributed to the stagnation of democratization and ineffectiveness of democracy promotion in its neighbourhood, its actions do not constitute autocracy promotion and largely lack ideological underpinnings. Second, Russia's counteraction to democracy promotion stems from its ambitions of restoring its great power status, maintaining its regional influence, and perceiving Western policies as a threat to its interests. Third, when it considers its strategic interests undermined, Russia employs economic and military threats (sometimes incentives) against its neighbourhood countries to make the compliance with Western policies less preferable.     

How Neopatrimonialism Affects Tax Administration: a comparative study of three world regions

Neopatrimonialism is a concept that has predominately been applied to describe governance in sub-Saharan Africa. Recently, however, it has also been used to describe governance in states from other world regions. However, scholars have rarely attempted systematically to compare neopatrimonial rule in different regional settings. This paper aims to narrow this gap by examining the effect of neopatrimonialism on the tax administration as a core state function in six countries from three different world regions: Argentina, Venezuela, Indonesia, the Philippines, Kenya and Zambia. We conclude that neopatrimonialism is a valuable concept for comparative area studies with the potential to foster dialogue on the ‘state in operation’ across the regional divide. Nevertheless, several indicators are more valid for some world regions than for others. We find that there is no systematic relationship between neopatrimonial trajectories and the strength of tax administration. Individual actor decisions influence the outcomes of neopatrimonialism substantially.     

The great transformation and progressive possibilities: the political limits of Polanyi's Marxian history of economic ideas

Abstract

Polanyi's The great transformation remains one of the stand-out texts of twentieth-century political economy, yet it contains important conceptual ambiguities. Perhaps most significantly, the later chapters reveal the influence of Polanyi's own notion of an ‘always embedded economy’, whereas the earlier chapters are constructed around a much more abstract notion of ‘economy’ derived from an essentially Marxian history of economic ideas. Marx worked within the basic Ricardian conception of economy as a method of immanent critique, but then proceeded also to project that same conception backwards onto pre-Ricardian traditions of economics. Polanyi did likewise, I argue, consequently missing the opportunity to connect his own ideas about the non-market influences on all market outcomes to pre-Ricardian studies of the substantive basis of functioning economic relations. I use the following pages to try to restore one such link, in this instance to Adam Smith's account of the moral ‘sympathy’ underpinning the process of market co-ordination. This reconstruction also has implications for progressive possibilities today. Polanyian responses to the ongoing crisis have tended to be framed by the basic Ricardian conception of economy and have accordingly been restricted to a discussion of more market or less, more social protection or less, more austerity or less. By contrast, tracing the lineage from pre-Ricardian concerns to Polanyi's notion of an always embedded economy allows the potentially much more radical question to be asked of what sort of economic relations today best serve essential human needs.     

侵犯商业秘密罪中“重大损失”范围的基本解读

侵犯商业秘密罪作为结果犯,其“重大损失”的认定对罪与非罪具有重要意义.司法实践囿于缺乏法律的明确规定而对重大损失的范围界定模糊不清.从重大损失中“损失”界定的理论分野出发,对重大损失中物质性损失与非物质性损失、直接损失与间接损失的争端进行批判性反思,可形成对重大损失范围的清晰认识：提倡重大损失包括直接损失与间接损失具有理论合理性与实践需求的双重价值;物质性损失与非物质性损失的分类及纷争应予以消解.     

中华民族复兴的新的伟大起点——纪念辛亥革命一百周年

辛亥革命作为中华民族复兴的新的伟大起点,主要表现在这次革命是鸦片战争以来中华民族救亡图存革命浪潮集聚形成的历史剧变,结束了君主专制制度,激发了中华民族的民族意识的觉醒,是一次具有完全意义的反帝反封建的资产阶级革命。辛亥革命从实践上揭示了二十世纪中国人民反侵略反压迫两大革命主题,为中国共产党的诞生提供了历史契机。     

论未经授权使用银行卡的损失负担

银行卡格式合同中约定损失负担的条款不具有效力,未经授权使用银行卡直接侵犯的是发卡银行的财产权,应当由银行依据相应的请求权进行索赔;法律只需规定发卡银行与持卡人之间的损失负担,其他当事人之间的责任由其各自之间的合同予以解决;在发卡银行尽到注意义务的前提下,持卡人应承担一定限额的责任,并以持卡人是否将风险的存在及时通知发卡银行为标准,将限额责任划分不同的等级;持卡人除承担限额责任外,还应对构成侵权的行为向发卡银行承担侵权责任。     

吕坤资质观辨析

吕坤的资质分类与组合排序体现了中华民族的传统道德观与人才观,其合理性和进步性随着历史的发展和文明的进步越来越被人们所领悟和借鉴.科技经济愈是发展,对人的整体资质的要求越高.借古鉴今,吕坤的资质观对当代的价值应当引起广泛重视并得到深度挖掘.     

国际形势回顾展望北大核心

高端智库的调研与谋划职能,要求其树立正确学术观,涵养敏锐的学术点,并能激活信息死穴,打通"信梗"瓶颈,从形势变动之形,推知事物发展之势;实现出精品、出思想、出人才的目的。先贤有曰:"锐始者必图其终,成功者先计于始。"岁末年初的国际形势务虚讨论,即是把脉天下之善始。