Group size does matter: differences among sexual assaults committed by lone,double, and groups of three or more perpetrators

ABSTRACT

We compared a total of 340 sexual assault cases based on offender characteristics, victim characteristics, and offence behaviours to identify differences among sexual assaults committed by lone, double, and groups of three or more perpetrators in South Korea. Several differences were found among sexual assaults committed by varying numbers of offenders. First, lone, double, and groups of three or more perpetrators differed with respect to age, marital status, and employment status. Second, substantial differences in victim characteristics were observed with respect to age and the victim–offender (v–o) relationship. Third, significant differences in offence behaviours, including offence type, planning, method of approach, knife possession, and stealing property, were found. Furthermore, we identified several variables that significantly predict group size using logistic regression analyses. The study has theoretical implications for understanding how group dynamics influence the behaviours of rape perpetrators, and practical implications for victim treatment and offender intervention.     

Not Afraid at All? Dominant and Alternative Interpretative Repertoires in Discourses of the Elderly on Fear of Crime

This article demonstrates how a dominant and an alternative interpretative repertoire are activated and negotiated within two focus group discussions conducted with elderly people around the issue of fear of crime: the active, competent actor and the potential victim. In contrast to quantitative generalist studies that tend to neglect the ambiguity and complexity of group membership and identification, a contextualized, dynamic, and interactive understanding of the elderly – as well as of the victim – identity is presented.     

Explaining the Vientiane Action Programme: ASEAN and the institutionalisation of human rights

Abstract

Existing explanations for the emergence of human rights on the political agenda in ASEAN focus either on the role of external pressure on ASEAN member states to ‘do something’, or on the way those states copied the form, but not the function, of other regional organisations such as the EU. Both approaches tacitly acknowledge that given the strong preference for intergovernmental governance displayed by ASEAN, regardless of interpretations, that it was states that drove the institutionalisation of rights forwards. Through examining in detail the causes and consequences of the Vientiane Action Programme this article disagrees with that assertion. At crucial moments before and after 2004 it was the Working Group for the Establishment of an ASEAN Human Rights Mechanism, a track III actor, which both inserted human rights into ASEAN discussions and forged the link between protecting those rights and the continuing success of ASEAN's security goals. Through understanding the role of the Working Group as a norm entrepreneur, assisting in the localisation of human rights standards, this article suggests that existing explanations of ASEAN institutionalisation need to be revised to include a wider range of political dynamics than previously were acknowledged.     

外国警方处置突发事件机制研究及借鉴

突发事件是近年来危害公共安全的一大隐患,国内对这一问题的研究还处于初级阶段,警方在处置突发事件时经验不足,常导致突发事件成为暴动,而西方国家抗议示威活动不少,却鲜少酿成恶性事件。西方警察处理突发事件的典型模式、处置原则及防范策略为我国警方处置突发事件提供了借鉴。     

近年来国内网络群体性事件对策研究述评

近年来,学术界围绕网络群体性事件的治理方略开展了多视角、宽领域的研究,主要成果可以概括为转变思路、变革制度和多样举措等三个方面策略,但受研究基础、视域的影响,中国特色的网络群体性事件研究话语体系尚未形成。     

论老年诈骗犯罪被害人的被害性

老年诈骗犯罪被害案件随着老龄化的发展而大有愈演愈烈之势。犯罪的发生并不是犯罪人单方面意志作用的结果,而是犯罪人与被害人双方互动的产物。这种互动从老年诈骗犯罪被害人的角度看,则表现为其生理上、心理上和经济上的被害性。仔细分析老年诈骗犯罪被害人的被害性,不仅有助于全面准确地把握老年诈骗犯罪被害的原因,而且有助于提出有针对性地预防和处理老年诈骗犯罪被害的对策。     

继往开来谋新篇——十八大的继承与创新述评

文章充分肯定了十六大以来10年间我们党和国家事业发展所取得的辉煌成就．客观地分析了当下中国存在的自然生态“失衡”和社会政治生态“失衡”两个突出问题,积极评价了党的十八大的理论创新,特别是科学发展观的科学性,高度赞扬了以习近平为总书记的新一届中央领导集体上任一个多月来为实现十八大提出的宏伟目标而展开的一系列卓有成效的实践。     

试论中国特色社会主义生态文明建设理论体系

生态文明建设是关系人民福祉、关乎民族未来的重要课题。我国在资源环境问题的凸显期,以"十八大"报告的形式重点阐释中国特色社会主义生态文明建设的课题,有其必要性和重要性。本文结合十八大报告和中共中央建设生态的方针政策,系统论述中国特色社会主义生态文明建设的理论体系,包括生态文明建设的必要性和重要性,中国特色社会主义生态文明体系中的基本概念,基本脉络,基本条件和路径等。本文梳理的中国特色社会主义理论体系,一方面阐释现实生活中存在的基本问题,另一方面为中国特色社会主义未来建设事业提供理论指导。     

言语识别技术发展的制约因素和破解途径

言语识别技术从产生至今已经得到了长足的发展。但是从当前言语识别技术本身及从事言语识别技术的人员来看,言语识别技术的发展和运用未能跟上信息化社会和司法实践的迫切需求。应更为深入而成熟地拓展和运用言语识别技术,以期解决影响和制约言语识别技术发展的相关因素。     

分析“暴恐”新特点 探究防控新对策

近年来,随着国际恐怖犯罪的变化,新疆暴力恐怖活动也出现了一些新特点,如团伙的默契性、实施的独立性、手段的技能性、做法的国际性和攻击的突发性都十分明显。针对这些特点,我们在反恐中却暴露出对"暴恐"能力认识不足、基层反恐能力薄弱、装备不到位、打击能力差等问题。对此,我们必须提高认知,增强"头脑"应对,加强基层反恐力量,强化基层反恐能力,加大装备投入,并通过建立行之有效的反恐情报队伍,始终如一的形成反恐高压态势,把握反恐斗争的主动权。