论政府社会治安综合治理工作系统之优化——从《治安管理处罚法》第6条规定谈起

《治安管理处罚法》第6条规定要求各级人民政府加强社会治安综合治理。政府现行的社会治安综合治理工作系统是彼此负相关增强系统,其此涨彼消、彼消此涨、归责在外、推诿指责的系统运行特征不能适应社会治安综合治理工作改革发展的要求。建立、完善正相关工作机制,将彼此负相关增强系统改造为彼此正负相关调节系统,是优化政府社会治安综合治理工作系统、改革完善社会治安综合治理工作系统必不可少的任务。     

生态移民社会适应问题研究

随着我国生态保护和国土主体功能区战略的实施,生态移民问题已成为全国许多地区的共性问题。生态移民的社会适应是一个综合的社会转变过程,其不仅仅是居住地的改变,还存在人力资本的提升、社会关系的重塑以及思想意识的变迁等问题。面对生态移民在社会适应过程中面临的诸多困境,需要从政府层面、主体层面、社区层面和社会层面采取措施,突破其社会适应的困境,让其在迁入地“落地生根”。     

The animal advocacy movement in the Baltic states: links to other social justice issues and possibilities for intersectional activism

ABSTRACT

This article focuses on the animal advocacy movement (AAM) in the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Taking an intersectional perspective, I examine whether and how key animal activists in the Baltics see links between animal rights and other social justice issues. I also consider how the movement communicates its messages to the general public in settings where ideas around animal justice and possibilities for animal advocacy are relatively recent and unfamiliar. This analysis contributes to debates regarding possibilities for intersectional activism and collaboration between social justice movements in the Baltics and beyond.     

Assessing Kaliningrad's Geostrategic Role: The Russian Periphery and A Baltic Concern

Recent developments in post-communist Europe and Latvia in particular have raised questions about political stability in new democracies there. This article argues for taking a long-term perspective on this problem in place of short-term judgments. In doing so, it makes special reference to the EU's political conditionality and its impacts on Latvia and then applies comparative lessons on democratic consolidation based on the concept of ‘partial regimes’. It becomes clear in this analysis that the consolidation process in Latvia has advanced over the past decade and more and, in this respect, the EU did have an important, though limited and rather specific, impact. Yet this process is still incomplete, with historical legacies being a major factor. The ethnic divide has also remained largely unresolved, party development problems have persisted and the public is still unconvinced by the actual democracy they see before them and is alienated by political elite behavior in particular. Hence, Latvia does not have a defective democracy as such, but further change is necessary before democratic consolidation may be achieved there.     

MEASURING THE THREAT OF GLOBAL CRIME: INSIGHTS FROM RESEARCH BY THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS INTO THE TRAFFIC IN WOMEN*

Despite increasing concern about the threat of global crime, it remains difficult to measure. During the 1920s and 1930s, the League of Nations conducted the first social‐scientific study of global crime in two studies of the worldwide traffic in women. The first study included 112 cities and 28 countries; researchers carried out 6,500 interviews in 14 languages, including 5,000 with figures in the international underworld. By drawing on archival materials in Geneva and New York, this article examines the role of ethnography in developing a social‐science measure of global crime threats. The discussion covers the Rockefeller grand jury and formation of the Bureau of Social Hygiene; the League's research in Europe, the Americas, and the Mediterranean; controversy concerning the use of undercover researchers; the League's research in Asia; and the end of the Bureau. The League's experience demonstrates the promise of multisite ethnography in research about global crime as well as the difficulty of mapping crime on a global scale.     

Corporate social responsibility as new challenge for the IT industry

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a relevant topic for enterprises offering products and services on a global scale. International organizations provide for guidelines and private associations publish codes of conduct requiring businesses to integrate social, environmental and ethical aspects, human rights as well as consumer concerns into their operations. Not at least the EU is promoting CSR through an Agenda for Action 2011–14. The implementation of CSR is a multidimensional ethical process and gains particular importance for the IT industry which by its nature is global. Therefore, IT enterprises are invited to conduct a CSR assessment, to develop a CSR strategy and to implement CSR commitments. These tasks are to be done by introducing specific CSR processes and compliance measures for risk assessment and risk mitigation.     

从依法治国看法律监督与社会管理创新

社会管理创新是中国共产党作为执政党在新的历史时期的一项重要工作,也是进一步贯彻落实依法治国基本方略的内在要求。在社会主义法律体系初步形成的背景下,改革现有社会管理模式、创造新的社会管理模式,难点在于革除现有的以行政权力为主导的社会管理模式的若干积弊,遏制权力运行不受法律制约的现象;重点在于加强和完善法律监督的力度,尤其是加强和完善检察机关的检察监督职责。在创新社会管理的过程中,既要认识到法律监督的重要保障作用,也要认识到法律监督作为社会管理有机组成部分的重要地位,从外部保障和内部效用两方面不断探索和完善法律监督工作,促进社会管理创新取得实效。     

从传统走向现代：社会保障权司法救济的检省与矫正

社会保障权是社会保障法的核心,是现代社会的一项基本人权,其本质是社会权。有权利就应当有救济,其中司法救济又是权利救济途径中最权威、最行之有效的方式,是保障公民社会保障权利恒久不易的追求。由于社会保障权的特殊性质,传统的民事和行政救济体系已不能适应社会保障争议的需要,打破传统的普通诉讼程序,借鉴国外成熟经验,完善和创设符合社会保障权特征的现代的特殊司法救济机制已成为必然之选。     

美国对社会思潮冲击的应对模式及其启示

美国流派纷呈的社会思潮对其思想政治教育有着复杂的影响。美国在应对社会思潮冲击的过程中,形成了包括美国资本主义制度及其优越性的教育、责任公民的教育和美利坚民族精神教育等在内的较为完备的思想政治教育体系。美国还通过采用显性教育与隐性教育相结合的方式,走学校教育与社会教育相结合的路径,实现了数量众多的外来移民的"美国化"。美国的这些做法对我国具有重要启示。我们要坚持用社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮;加强应对社会思潮时的"无意识教育";增强应对社会思潮时的"教育合力"。     

专家、利益集团与公共参与

公共参与制度在行政决策中方兴未艾,而专家咨询机制也愈显重要。在公共参与背景下,公众与专家的角色定位及功能作用亟需反思。纷繁复杂的公共参与理论基础直接影响到专家咨询制度的定位、功能与运行。美国专家咨询制度的经验和教训,为完善我国专家咨询制度提供了借鉴。法治化、型式化、竞争化、公开化是完善我国专家咨询制度的应有取向。