岗位实训学生管理方法体系构建与实践

岗位实训是一种实战型教学模式,是公安职业教育关键实践教学环节。在教学组织中学生管理问题十分突出,如果不能有效解决将直接影响教学效果。因此,构建符合实训教学规律、突出管理实效的学生管理方法体系是岗位实训有效实施的保证。在实践中尝试以"四段指导法"为主要内容的学生管理体系,效果显著。构建以"四段指导法"为主要内容的岗位实训学生管理方法体系是以教学与实战高度融合为要求,以提高综合素质和能力为目标,以分时段、有重点跟进管理为方法,以问题为导向、细节为抓手,激发学习积极性、主动性,推动岗位实训深入开展的管理模式。     

简论农村合作医疗的立法原则

新型农村合作医疗制度是推进社会主义新农村建设的重要内容之一,这项制度的全面实行必须有赖于立法的保障。本文仅就农村合作医疗制度立法保障中的立法原则、责任和监管主体、立法形式和立法协调等几个问题进行了探讨,并提出了在现阶段此项制度的推行必须采取自愿参与和隐性强制相结合的原则等新观点。     

民法典视角下的继承原则重构——兼评杨立新、杨震《〈中华人民共和国继承法〉修正草案建议稿》

囿于继承法同时具有身份法与财产法、任意法与强行法等多种不同维度的法学属性,客观上决定了以调整财产关系为主的民法基本原则并不能够完全适用于继承法。鉴于继承法未来将纳入我国民法典体系的需要,这种制度内在价值的冲突要求继承法具备独立的继承原则以起到制度衔接协调功能与规则解释补充功能。在对我国现行《继承法》修订时,有必要以成文法形式列举"保护私有财产继承权"、"继承权男女平等"、"养老育幼与照顾病残"、"互谅互让与和睦团结"以及"权利义务一致"五项继承原则,而这五项原则也是指引《继承法》补充完善以及制度创新的立法依据与价值追求。     

公安微博中民意收集的内在逻辑与功能分析

微博的普及使用为公安机关开辟网络前沿阵地带来契机,以公安微博为切入点,公安机关主动关注网络民意导向,积极收集网络社情民意。公安微博的用户数量及分布保证了网络民意的普遍性和代表性,即时传播方式保证了网络民意的实时性和迫切性,双向互动沟通方式保证了网络民意的完整性和真实性。公安微博是民意主导警务的实践创新,在深化警务公开、完善公共服务、汇集社情民意、宣传及塑造警察形象、引导网络舆论方面发挥着重要作用。     

从法律原则到个案规范——阿列克西原则理论的民法应用

司法中针对某具体个案适用法律原则的通常情形是,没有既有规则可以适用(即"穷尽规则"),或者尽管有规则,但因其与原则相冲突而被排除适用。这两种情形的规范表现在实质上均可理解为原则之间的冲突。在相冲突的原则中确定何者最终适用于该具体个案,恰是阿列克西原则理论(尤其是其"竞争法则")所要解决的问题。适用"竞争法则"的核心在于找寻与确立优先条件或变量,相较于阿列克西的比重公式,参照生活常情或"事物本质"能为其找寻与确立提供更为具体的实践操作路径,因为优先条件或变量的确立由此转变为找寻连接基本案件事实与优先原则的中点(此即"裁判案件要确定的核心要素")。以"竞争法则"为理论根基,再辅之以确立优先条件或变量的具体路径,原则的规则化便水到渠成:即通过具体的优先条件或变量确立相冲突原则中优先适用的原则(即优先原则),适用优先原则的结果便是创设一个规则(即个案规范),优先条件或变量进而成为该个案规范的构成要件。个案规范才是裁判该具体个案的直接依据。     

When benefitting a patient increases the risk for harm for third persons — The case of treating pedophilic Parkinsonian patients with deep brain stimulation

This paper investigates the question whether it is ethically justified to treat Parkinsonian patients with known or suspected pedophilia with deep brain stimulation — given increasing evidence that this treatment might cause impulse control disorders, disinhibition, and hypersexuality. This specific question is not as exotic as it looks at a first glance. First, the same issue is raised for all other types of sexual orientation or behavior which imply a high risk for harming other persons, e.g. sexual sadism. Second, there are also several (psychotropic) drugs as well as legal and illegal leisure drugs which bear severe risks for other persons. We show that Beauchamp and Childress' biomedical ethics fails to derive a veto against medical interventions which produce risks for third persons by making the patients dangerous to others. Therefore, our case discussion reveals a blind spot of the ethics of principles. Although the first intuition might be to forbid the application of deep brain stimulation to pedophilic patients, we argue against such a simple way out, since in some patients the reduction of dopaminergic drugs allowed by deep brain stimulation of the nucleus subthalamicus improves impulsive control disorders, including hypersexuality. Therefore, we propose a strategy consisting of three steps: (1) risk assessment, (2) shared decision-making, and (3) risk management and safeguards.     

信息化视域下思政教育有效性提升的基本原则

信息化视域下,信息技术的发展与应用要求高校思想政治教育工作者在深入分析和把握高等教育对象、高等教育生态等发展变化的基础上,牢固把握高校思想政治教育的主动权和主导权,遵循高校思想政治教育活动的基本原则,不断创新高校思想政治教育理念、改进方式方法,不断提升高校思想政治教育的针对性和有效性。     

Values and Ethics of Global Civil Society Actors: Insights from a Survey and Content Analyses

Abstract

This study examines values, ethics and principles of conduct that underlie activities of global civil society organizations. It uses an international web-based survey, and a content analysis of the codes of conduct for exploring views of global civil society actors active on global issues and participating in global civil society events. The findings of this analysis highlight many similarities in the ways global civil society organizations of different forms and origins define their goals, values, ethical standards and responsibilities. The normative consensus discerned in this research is limited in scope, however. It revolves around a particular, liberal, view of civil society. The study discusses results of the survey and content analyses in light of the current debates on the nature of global civil society and its relation to the system of states and the global market.     

我国案例指导制度之完善

在司法审判工作中引入带有判例法色彩的中国式的判例制度———案例指导制度,是我国司法改革中的一项创举。建立和完善案例指导制度,首先应对指导性案例的效力加以明确;其次,明确审核发布案例的主体及程序;再次,要严格指导性案例的选择标准。     

法律多元主义及其中国语境：规范多元化

法律多元主义的产生与发展,对各国法治发展的影响不容忽视.当代中国自上而下推行法治,法律规范创制体系以国家制定法为中心,但现代社会中民间法的超强生命力、道德的法律化、法律原则的普遍适用等现象冲击了制定法的中心地位,法律规范的创制体系也由此趋于多元.这种多元主义法律观对当代中国的法治运行具有现实意义.