刑事政策视野下的犯罪化之提倡

随着我国社会经济的发展以及社会结构的转型,刑法这种特殊的行为规范应在多大范围内介入社会生活的问题日益凸显出来,我国应该选择"犯罪化"还是"非犯罪化"是我国刑事政策必然要面对的抉择。基于我国刑事立法的特点、我国与其他国家犯罪概念与犯罪构成的差异性、我国的社会治安状况和"宽严相济"的刑事政策,我国应当坚定不移地实行"犯罪化"。     

交通事故鉴定和事故勘查在事故分析中的作用

通过对交通事故鉴定现状和多个案例的分析．讨论交通事故鉴定和事故勘查在事故分析中的作用,以及交通事故鉴定部门和事故勘查部门在具体案例中协作的关联性,认为在交通事故发生后,交通事故勘查部门和鉴定部门应各司其职,在证据的发现、收集及补全上相互协作。才能科学地做出交通事故鉴定,保证事故成因分析的客观性,公正性。     

道路交通事故损害赔偿责任归责原则研究

分析不同国家对交通事故损害赔偿责任的归责原则．认为对认定交通事故人身损害侵权责任应适用无过错责任归责原则,论述归责原则,能清晰地呈现无过错责任的法律真面目,更透彻地理解道路交通安全法的立法精神,在执法、司法、守法等方面能更好地贯彻落实无过错责任原则。     

The experimental and case study of needle marks on the speedometer as the physical evidence for the collision speed analysis

The collision speed is important in accident analysis, and needle marks can be helpful as the physical evidence. The deceleration impact system has been built to analyze the mechanics of the needle and the gauge plate. Two isolated groups were designed to record the speed values under the same sample labels from real crashes. The visualization platform was built for the first group to collect needle marks. The second group recorded the speed values by other methods. The collision deceleration, the gauge plate materials, and the collision directions determine the forming of the needle marks. There were eight positive results from the 23 effective samples (12 frontal, four side, and seven rear), with discernible tip and/or middle marks on gauge plates. Multiple marks have been distinguished effectively. The low- and high-speed impacts have no obvious differences for real needle marks. It is more accurate for frontal impacts.     

Toxicological findings in 889 fatally injured obese pilots involved in aviation accidents

Prevalence of drugs in fatally injured obese pilots involved in aviation accidents has not been evaluated. Therefore, toxicological findings in such pilots (body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2) ) were examined in a data set derived from the Civil Aerospace Medical Institute's (CAMI's) Scientific Information System for 1990-2005. Aeromedical histories of these aviators were retrieved from the CAMI medical certification and toxicology databases, and the cause/factors in the related accidents from the National Transportation Safety Board's database. In 311 of the 889 pilots, carbon monoxide, cyanide, ethanol, and drugs were found, and glucose and hemoglobin A(1c) were elevated. Of the 889 pilots, 107 had an obesity-related medical history. The health and/or medical condition(s) of, and/or the use of ethanol and/or drugs by, pilots were the cause/factors in 55 (18%) of the 311 accidents. Drugs found were primarily for treating obesity-related medical conditions such as depression, hypertension, and coronary heart disease.     

涉地沟油犯罪的规定解读及相关问题研究——以“两高一部”《关于依法严惩“地沟油”犯罪活动的通知》为视角

2012年针对地沟油加工、销售愈演愈烈的形势,最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部出台了《关于依法严惩"地沟油"犯罪活动的通知》。但该《通知》的规定只作为一种参考提供给公检法部门,它本身不具备刑法的强制力。因此,有必要在立法上对涉地沟油犯罪作出系统的规定,给今后办理地沟油类犯罪案件提供明确的指引。     

交通伤后遗智力缺损或精神障碍伤残评定资质问题探讨

近年来,交通伤后遗智力缺损或精神障碍伤残评定日益增多,实际评残操作不规范,造成鉴定意见不一致经常发生,影响鉴定质量和交通事故处理。当前,部分鉴定机构及其鉴定人的资质问题已经受到交通事故处理机关的质疑,也引起司法鉴定管理部门的关注。对此,就精神伤残评定资质问题从程序规定角度和技术操作层面展开讨论,力图为精神伤残评定的规范操作提供一些思路。     

医疗侵权损害赔偿制度立法问题剖析——兼论医疗机构化解责任风险的途径

当前，我国司法实践中医疗侵权纠纷案件适用法律很混乱。主要原因是我国医疗侵权损害赔偿制度由多层次立法文件交叉规定，且各条款不一致。笔者认为，由国务院颁布的《医疗事故处理条例》中的医疗事故损害赔偿条款属于违宪违法的条款，应当尽快废止。而医疗侵权损害赔偿应统一适用民事基本法中的一般人身损害赔偿条款。此外，建立医疗责任保险制度是在市场经济体制中医疗机构化解责任风险的较优选择。     

自首的实务问题探析

经传唤到案可以成立自首。投案对象可以包括被害人，但要求具有接受审判的意愿。亲友送首时，可以不要求行为人具有投案自愿性。供述同种罪行可以成立特别自首。交通肇事后报警并在现场等候处理构成自首。     

基于证据链原理的交通事故现场勘查方法研究

为解决交通事故调查取证时尽可能科学、全面、系统收集事故证据的问题，我们应用证据链原理的基本思想，探索现场勘查的新方法——现场元素复原法。该方法按照时间的倒置顺序，应用逻辑分析法，将现场元素由现场原始状态一步一步复原到事故发生前的正常状态，从而确定空间范围，有效发现与甄别真正的交通事故现场证据。