紧急避险与交通事故责任的承担

在道路交通事故责任中,如果行为人在遭到紧急危难的情况下为救护一个较大利益而采取损害另一个较小利益的行为是紧急避险。文章从民法角度论述了紧急避险行为所引起的法律责任,通过案例分析了紧急避险行为所致的道路交通事故责任的承担。     

《道路交通安全法》第七十六条运行实效考察

《道路交通安全法》第七十六条关于交通事故处理的规定引起社会的强烈关注,其运行实效究竟如何?从法律运行实效的视角,运用法律社会学的法律实效理论的研究路径,根据法律实效评判的内在标准和外在标准,依托权威性的“社会事实”,兼采经验实证与逻辑推理的方法,揭示该七十六条的良好实效,展示该法律在实现社会控制中起到的积极作用,吁请人们树立正确的守法观念和守法意识,坚持依法办事,建构良好的法秩序。     

道路交通事故中骨盆骨折与致伤方式的相关性初步研究

目的　探讨道路交通事故中骨盆骨折的致伤方式 ,从而有助于交通事故的重建分析。方法　对 112例交通事故中已知致伤方式 ,即被撞击、摔跌以及被碾压的伤 (亡 )者骨盆骨折的X线片 ,按照骨盆骨折的分类学进行研究 ,并对有关资料进行统计分析和X2 检验。结果　机动车碾压伤所致骨盆重型损伤发生率明显大于撞击伤 ;机动车撞击伤所致骨盆骨折中 ,耻骨骨折的损伤特征可以反映外力的作用方向。结论　根据骨盆骨折的损伤特征推断致伤方式有助于推断交通事故当事人的交通状态 ,报道如下。     

Using fire dynamics simulator to reconstruct a hydroelectric power plant fire accident

The location of the hydroelectric power plant poses a high risk to occupants seeking to escape in a fire accident. Calculating the heat release rate of transformer oil as 11.5 MW/m(2), the fire at the Taiwan Dajia-River hydroelectric power plant was reconstructed using the fire dynamics simulator (FDS). The variations at the escape route of the fire hazard factors temperature, radiant heat, carbon monoxide, and oxygen were collected during the simulation to verify the causes of the serious casualties resulting from the fire. The simulated safe escape time when taking temperature changes into account is about 236 sec, 155 sec for radiant heat changes, 260 sec for carbon monoxide changes, and 235-248 sec for oxygen changes. These escape times are far less than the actual escape time of 302 sec. The simulation thus demonstrated the urgent need to improve escape options for people escaping a hydroelectric power plant fire.     

驾驶人基于感知判断反应错误引发的事故分析

机动车驾驶人的驾车过程是一个复杂的心理过程,其中尤为重要的是感知、判断、反应三个环节,其中任何一个环节出现差错都有可能导致道路交通事故的发生。分析机动车驾驶人的感知错误、判断错误和反应不恰当与道路交通事故之间存在的关系,有助于提高机动车驾驶人驾驶技术和应变能力,从而达到预防和减少道路交通事故的目的。     

煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视罪的司法定位变化与刑事应对

煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视罪在立法之初保护的是公民的民族平等、团结的民主权利,但近年来该罪出现了被恐怖组织所利用,危及社会稳定,甚至引发严重暴力恐怖活动的趋势。本罪作为应对恐怖主义犯罪罪名体系的基础性罪名,与涉及恐怖主义犯罪的煽动分裂国家罪,组织、领导恐怖组织罪等罪名在司法上相结合形成阶梯式罪名体系。由此,在立法上应当提升该罪的分则地位,加重法定刑,在司法上应树立对煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视罪危害后果的正确认识。     

两轮摩托车道路交通事故驾驶员损伤特征分析

目的找出两轮摩托车交通事故中多发于驾驶员而乘员较少发生的损伤特征,为查明案件提供线索。方法统计分析了有驾乘人员死亡的136例及有驾乘人员受伤的32例,以体表擦挫伤、挫裂伤或骨折作为统计对象,分别统计驾乘人员各部位发生损伤数并计算其出现的比例。结果驾驶员出现膝部损伤的比例（34．9％）高于乘员比例（i0．3％）,而驾驶员膝部损伤大多数发生在膝部前侧。结论膝部前侧损伤的当事人应高度怀疑其为真实驾驶员。     

Interprofessional and interagency training for working with young people with harmful sexual behaviours: An evaluation of outcomes

Abstract

This study evaluates the outcomes of short interagency training courses provided by six Local Safeguarding Children Boards in England. The aim was to develop practical skills in recognising and responding to the needs of children with harmful sexual behaviour in an interagency context. The courses all employed interactive learning and teaching methods as well as presentations of case studies, research findings and statutory guidance. Professionals (n=147) from a range of agencies participated in the evaluation. Their attitudes, knowledge and self-confidence were assessed using a specially designed 20-item self-report scale. Scores at registration 6 weeks in advance and at the start and end of the course were compared in a double-baseline, time–series design. There was strong evidence of overall improvements in scores on most of the scale items, which are attributable to the course. However, concerns are also raised about the small numbers of criminal justice professionals participating compared to child welfare professionals.     

交通事故轮胎鉴定概述

轮胎鉴定是指涉及事故车辆的轮胎相关的鉴定项目,是交通事故技术鉴定中的重要项目之一,一般可分为轮胎痕迹鉴定和轮胎损坏情况及其与事故关系鉴定两种.本文着重论述了交通事故技术鉴定中上述两种轮胎鉴定的定义、鉴定步骤、鉴定方法,并通过典型案例来全面解读轮胎鉴定的具体鉴定过程.