从建立马克思主义政党到建设马克思主义学习型政党——马克思主义政党学说与实践的历史演进和经验启示

马克思、恩格斯创立了马克思主义政党学说。列宁提出了建立新型革命政党和执政党建设的理论。中国共产党开启并推进了马克思主义政党学说的中国化、时代化、大众化。马克思主义政党学说与实践发展历程的经验启示我们:必须着重从思想上建党,保持思想统一;必须努力学习各种知识,掌握真实本领;必须坚持与时俱进,不断进行理论创新。     

后金融危机时代背景下中国汽车产业发展现状与对策研究

汽车产业是中国的支柱产业。2008年国际金融危机发生后,在国家各项相关利好政策的刺激下,中国汽车产业快速发展,产销量连续两年实现全球第一。2011年上半年,随着各项政策的退出,中国汽车产销增速明显回落。当前中国汽车产业既迎来难得的发展机遇,也面临严峻的挑战,必须加强自主创新能力、提高产业集中度、加大对新能源汽车的支持力度,加强自主品牌建设。     

论我国大学生创业存在的问题

我国大学毕业生真正能自主创业的寥寥无几,在这种情况下高职毕业生创业却有些优势,因为生存压力更大。在岗位竞争非常激烈的情况下创业是高职毕业生较好的生存之路,所以创业愿望比较强烈。但是大学生创业尤其是高职院校毕业生创业也存在很多问题,许多大学生在创业初期充满激情,却看不到创业的艰辛,表现出非理性行为,存在今天创业,明天就想成为成功人士的心理。     

浅议公司法人格否认制度及其在我国的适用

公司法人格是指公司的法律地位或主体资格,具有独立性和平等性。只有具有健全人格的公司才是法律意义上的公司,如果公司股东滥用公司法人格,应否认公司的独立人格。滥用公司法人格的行为包括利用公司规避法律、合同义务和其他债务以及公司形骸化,目前中国现阶段应进一步完善相关立法。     

在“自我”与“进步”之间——关于“进步”的若干思考

进步论的历史观在当代虽然受到了普遍的怀疑与反思,但在当今世界仍占据着支配地位。个体生命对"进步"的体验与评价和作为一种观念的"进步"之间的张力一直隐含在进步观之下,具体表现为进步观这种话语的总体性与个体对"进步"的体验与评判的个体性之间的张力。这种话语的总体性最显著地表现在历史哲学中,而随着个人主义的兴起,个体对"进步"这一话语评判的合法性也随之得到了确立。     

The Programme de recherche en démographie historique: past,present and future developments in family reconstitution

The Programme de recherche en démographie historique (Historical Demography Research Programme) (PRDH), founded in 1966 and based at the Département de Démographie of the Université de Montréal, has since its inception featured a central project, a family reconstitution database of Quebec’s Catholic population from 1621 to 1799 named the Registre de la population du Québec ancien (Population Register of Historic Quebec) (RPQA). This article, which marks the fiftieth anniversary of the project, explores the development of the RPQA over the five decades in the context of similar international databases, explains the current state of the database as well as our record linkage methodology, describes an important collaboration now underway to build a larger Quebec historical data infrastructure, outlines new and renewed international collaborations, and summarizes research conducted using these data as well as future research possibilities. The particular geographic context, historical development and manageable colonial population size of Quebec favoured family reconstitution of the whole colony from the beginning of the project. Today, the RPQA comprises 438,193 individual biographies and 74,000 family files encompassing up to nine generations. To reconstitute families, we must identify and incorporate into the database all demographic events, including those whose existence can only be inferred through other sources. Future efforts to link nineteenth-century parish acts will need to deal with large case counts, mixed Catholic–Protestant marriages, and increased geographic and social mobility. The integration of complementary data will provide information on household co-residence, occupations, help track the destinies of mixed-religion persons and persons outside nuclear families and provide additional points of observation.     

基于小说语体的现代汉语伴随义“X随”类动词考察

现代汉语中伴随义“X随”类动词出现频率较高,其内部成员在句法分布、语义特征、语用功能方面表现出一些共性。辞书对其差异揭示不够,针对此类词语的专题研究依然空缺。文章试从句法分布、语义内涵、历时演变、认知理据四个层面对伴随义“X随”类动词进行考察。结果发现,在句法分布方面,“伴随”较为独特,“跟随”、“追随”一致性较高;语义方面,“伴随”强调事物伴随关系,“跟随”和“追随”强调事件伴随关系;历时演变方面,“追随”、“跟随”、“伴随”成词时间呈现由早到晚的连续统分布。导致“X随”类动词产生差异的原因在于所跟体词生命度、意志性高低,“X随”类动词主观性高低,以及这二者之间的双向选择机制。这说明人类语言在对客观世界进行临摹之前,已接受了认知的调控与制约。该发现从认知层面进一步充实了以往有关伴随义动词的研究,在语言分析中适用性更广,能够达到以简驭繁的功用。     

Does residency matter? Local residency as a predictor of arrest

Prior studies show that a number of offender characteristics impact police officer use of discretion. Although there are exceptions, characteristics such as race and gender have been shown to influence decisions made by police officers with racial/ethnic minorities and men more likely to be arrested than their counterparts. Yet, much less is known about the impact of morphology, an important component from Black’s Behavior of Law, on enforcement decisions. Using 2014 state-wide data on Class ‘B’ arrests in Idaho, we examine the role of morphology, as operationalized by offender residency in the community in which the violation occurred, on the odds of a police officer affecting an arrest as opposed to writing a citation for the violation. Results of logistic regression models show that local residents are significantly less likely to experience an arrest than non-residents. Theoretical explanations and implications for these findings are offered.     

Tobacco status,impulsivity, and the five-factor of the PANSS in paranoid schizophrenia

There is consistent evidence that impulsivity is linked to tobacco consumption and to symptomatology in schizophrenia. In the current study, we propose a new integrative model of the relationship between impulsivity, psychopathological symptoms, and tobacco status in patients with paranoid schizophrenia. We investigated 33 paranoid schizophrenia patients and 37 healthy controls using a battery of psychopathological scales included the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID), the five-factor model of the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-10), and the UPPS Impulsive Behavior scale (UPPS). Step-wise regression analysis revealed that positive factor of the PANSS and tobacco status contributed positively and significantly to the explained variance of impulsivity. In addition, non-planning impulsivity and sensation-seeking emerged as significant predictors of tobacco status, while smoking predicted non-planning impulsivity and sensation-seeking. Our results suggest that the relationship between sensation-seeking and tobacco use is reciprocal and proposes a new integrative model of the relationship between impulsivity, positive symptoms and tobacco status in patients with paranoid schizophrenia. However, the exact mechanisms for these relationships deserve further investigation.     

椎牛祭:从历史的记忆到现实的操演--以小茅坡营苗族为例

椎牛祭是苗族最盛大的祭礼活动.回溯小茅坡营苗族椎牛祭祀仪式的变迁,表达此仪式在其生存中的重要意义.21世纪该仪式在小茅坡营村的重新操演,表明了民族文化与国家权力的互动关系.