Issue framing and electoral violence in Ghana: a conceptual analysis

Ghana has conducted several successful elections since 1992, but the country continues to face many threats of widespread violence due to the recurrent nature of micro-level electoral violence and the existence of vulnerabilities such as political patronage, politics of exclusion, winner-takes-all electoral system and ethnic cleavages. While these factors have been used to explain the causes of electoral violence, issue framing by political elites and its connection to electoral violence have not been adequately examined. To better understand this phenomenon, this article draws on the concept of framing to underscore the argument that issue framing and reframing by political elites tend to shape micro-level electoral violence in Ghana.     

A Comparative Study of Nonprofit and For-Profit Web-Based Issue Advocacy

Abstract

Using the Web to advocate positions and actions on public issues is an emerging and potentially powerful means of shaping public opinion and action. Building on studies of Web advocacy in the political sector, this research employs content analysis to examine Web-based advocacy by U.S. for-profit and nonprofit organizations. For-profit organizations were found to engage in much more Web advocacy than nonprofit organizations. Those organizations that did engage in extensive advocacy, or were committed to multiple social values, appear to have come to adopt these postures or activities consistent with what a cost-benefit analysis of the impact on their enterprise would predict. With respect to region, the Northeast and South evidenced a higher and lower pattern of advocacy, respectively. Finally, greater financial resources predicted more extensive advocacy content generally; the particular issue areas this study examined were community focus, charitable causes, environmental issues, and diversity.     

警察执法安全问题分析及应对策略

目前,警察执法安全问题复杂而尖锐,其中一个重要的原因就是警察面对的执法环境业已发生变化,区域经济发展状况、社会公平正义、立法与法律实践、地方政策因素等对警察执法安全的影响正在与日剧增,因此,有关警察执法安全研究必须从执法者人身安全现状出发,以多元视角揭示问题根源,掌握有效降低执法安全问题的策略。     

论科学发展问题的“课题化”

在21世纪初期的中国,科学发展问题之所以被课题化,主要是由以下三方面因素决定的：从客观上来讲,解决21世纪初期我国经济社会发展中出现的新问题要求实现科学发展;从内在的逻辑要求来讲,新中国成立以来我国三个历史阶段发展主题的转换正好聚焦于科学发展;从主观上来讲,新一届党的领导集体执政思维方式的转变使科学发展问题被课题化具备了认识基础。     

新《刑事诉讼法》中技术专家出庭质证制度研究

新《刑事诉讼法》把技术专家出庭质证制度纳入了刑事诉讼程序之中。但是此制度在实际操作过程中有一些重点问题需要思考并解决。这些问题需要结合我国设立技术专家出庭质证制度的理论渊源,通过明晰其概念、特点以及必要性加以厘清。     

刑侦机制改革中的探长制浅析

为了提高市场经济条件下的刑侦工作总体水平 ,各地纷纷进行了刑侦机制改革 ,其中一个重要尝试就是实行探长制。实行探长制是进一步深化刑侦机制改革的必然要求。探长制的具体操作包括探组组建、分工情况及工作制度、措施等方面。作为改革的探索 ,探长制存在不足 ,需加以完善     

论和平与发展是当代世界主题

和平与发展作为当代世界的主题,是对当代世界新变化、新特点的高度概括,有着坚实的科学依据,符合当今社会演进的逻辑,因而具有重要的现实意义.     

读秀网视角下的马克思主义中国化基本问题研究述评

马克思主义中国化研究是新世纪以来学术界研究的热点问题,围绕马克思主义中国化研究的成果层出不穷。文章以读秀网书名中含"马克思主义中国化"的著作为研究对象,对国内外马克思主义中国化研究的基本问题进行梳理,以期推动该问题的深入研究。     

Partisanship,Ministers, and Biotechnology Policy

Research in public policy and political economy has provided many insights in the evolution of public resistance against genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the last two decades. But how does the partisan composition of a government, its programmatic orientation and the allocation of cabinet offices affect policy making in this specific area? We argue that the regulation of GMOs is determined by the ideological orientation of governments and the presence of parties with a specific ideological background in the cabinet. In addition, we hypothesize that the parties' control over relevant cabinet posts matter for GMO regulation. We test our hypotheses by using an innovative dataset that contains information on biotechnology regulation outputs of European governments in the time period from 1996 until 2013, the partisan composition and policy‐area specific positions of governments, and the party affiliation of key cabinet actors. The results show that the presence of a Christian democratic party in a cabinet increases the chances of a ban on biotech crops, in particular if it controls the Ministry of the Environment.     

新南非与津巴布韦的民族问题及民族政策的比较

内容提要南非和津巴布韦两国的民族问题和民族政策既有相同点,也存在较大差异。两国除历史条件等相同外,其民族问题与民族政策的不同点主要表现在以下方面:由于外部势力的干预程度不同导致政策制定过程不同;内部势力的分化与整合差异表明政策制定的国内政治环境差异;两国对白人种族主义政权遗产处理方式不同;族际分野与政治分化的敏感性使两国面临的政局和政策导致的政治后果差异。概言之,民族问题处理得当与否对政治稳定起着极重要的作用。虽然民族问题的重要性在下降,但激进的民族政策可能带来意想不到的后果,津巴布韦的教训为其他国家提出了警示。