论航空产品责任主体

航空产品责任主体是航空产品责任诉讼首要解决的问题,该主体的确定直接关系到受害人权益是否充分保护和纠纷是否得以顺利解决。该主体具有天然的国际性,同时其因交织航空运输责任与产品责任具有复杂性和特殊性。航空产品责任主体不仅包括一般商事关系的私法性主体,而且还包括负有检测、适航监管责任的公法性主体。欧美等发达国家和地区立法及司法实践对航空产品责任主体呈现出扩大化解释的趋势,其目的是顺应国际社会保护消费者权益人本化发展的价值取向,我国相关立法完善应关注这一发展趋势。     

浅析中小企业的产品再生策略

产品再生策略是对产品整体采取的一系列对策组合，作者在文中结合中小企业的特点和面临的现实困难，阐述了中小企业应用产品再生策略的意义、原则和可采取的具体措施，并对策略实施情况的评估和调整提出了系列化的建议。     

高速公路化危品槽车突发事故救援对策初探

近年来，随着我国高速公路的不断延伸，参与高速公路化危品槽车突发事故的抢险救援工作已成为各级消防部队面临的一个新课题，本文从分析掌握高速公路化危品槽车突发事故的特点等5个方面入手，就应采取的抢险救援对策进行了深入探讨。     

Introducing Value Chain Stewardship (VCS)

After a decade of international negotiations to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, a sufficient number of countries have ratified the Kyoto agreement. However, even with this positive development there is a formidable challenge since, according to the World Resource Institute (WRI 2004), For the most part, developed nations have failed to attain the non-binding emission reductions they committed to in the original climate treaty in 1992. Ensuring adherence to the reductions stated in the treaty by these nations may become an immense managerial task, not to mention the enforcement of sanctions. Instead of national emission targets the approach of this paper is to focus on trade within selected industry sectors – i.e. housing and transport – responsible for most of the world’s GHG emissions. This paper shows that vehicle manufacturers – the design owners – may use their information advantages to influence customers to focus on other aspects of the vehicle than costs during use. Expanding the environmental responsibility of the design owners to coincide with the area of environmental impacts will convert emissions cost into a production cost. It is indicated in this paper that when applying the estimated costs for GHG emissions to the vehicle user, strong enough incentives are not given to drive technological change, but if the responsibility is allocated to the design owner the very same additional costs will be an incentive for the designer to use its information advantage to innovate away from those emissions-rendering technologies. A value chain stewardship (VCS) is, thus, established.     

国际间国内生产总值比较中的若干问题探讨

国内生产总值(GDP)是反映一国所有常住单位在核算期内生产活动最终成果的总量指标,是所有经济分析和国际间比较研究中使用频率最高的一个重要指标。我国的国内生产总值指标无论在生产范围、总产出及其估价、中间消耗及其估价等方面还是在计算方法方面都与SNA(1993年版)核算体系中的该指标有所不同,因此,在国际间比较GDP指标时应慎重。     

反倾销损害调查中同类产品认定问题比较研究

同类产品的认定是确定国内产业的基础,在反倾销损害调查中具有重大意义。在反倾销立法上,一方面应明确规定同类产品的具体认定标准,从而为调查机关认定同类产品提供指导。但另一方面,由于同类产品的认定非常复杂,因此必须规定这些标准是非强制性的、不分等级的和非穷尽性的,且调查机关还可以根据案件的具体情况,考虑其认为相关的任何其他标准。中国的相关立法已较为完善,但其实践在局部地方仍有进一步完善的必要。     

Rethinking Product Liability: A Missing Element in the European Commission's Third Review of the European Product Liability Directive

The paper uses the opportunity afforded by the European Commission's Third Report of the Product Liability Directive to assess the present state of product liability in Europe. It notes that despite the maximal harmonisation character of the Directive there is a risk of divergence between Member States on key issues including the core concept of defectiveness. The Commission seems at times confused (for example, as regards the relationship between defect and fault liability) and more often complacent about the risks of divergence; but this sits uneasily with the espousal of maximal harmonisation. Ultimately there may be a need for a rethinking of product liability to ensure greater clarity as regards the underlying rationale supporting strict liability. This seems unlikely to materialise in the near future and so at the very least the Commission should act to clarify some core concepts that are proving difficult to interpret for the courts.     

浅谈工业设计与企业发展

工业设计是一种创造人类生活方式的设计,是帮助企业引导市场需求、创造市场需求的重要依据。优秀的工业设计可以提高企业产品形象、企业形象、增强竞争力、提高产品附加值和经济效益。     

产品质量保证物流问题探索

产品质量保证物流是运用物流管理的观念、方法和技术,在提高产品售后服务质量的同时,实现成本最小化的一种新观念。它对于越来越重视售后服务的企业具有重要的意义。本文综合了产品质量保证和物流管理的一些研究成果,构建了产品质量保证物流的理论框架,并从战略层面和战术运作层面讨论了相关问题,为进一步的研究提供了理论基础。