Calculating and Believing: Ideological Norms in the Cradle of Utility Maximization

An individualist approach to political phenomena is not necessarily an economic approach. We can assume that beliefs and commitments as well as selfishness motivate individuals. Ideology provides a basis for individual choice for policy makers and for citizens and is as much a micro-foundation as narrow “self-interest.” Employing a “least-likely” case approach this paper shows that we can find legitimacy and norm-sensitive behavior in the cradle of utility maximization, the firm. In this paper I will lay out some puzzles found in the general areas of business, politics, and policy-making and show how the particular piece of behavior can be understood within the logic of ideological frameworks and the normative acceptability or legitimacy of actions. The purpose is more an “analytical narrative” than a systematic empirical investigation. It suggests the critical importance of examining the normative as well as the self-interest foundation of behavior. To that end, the empirical context of the discussion is provided by business social responsibility, by business participation in elections, by a snapshot of an ideologically driven political career, and by an antibusiness policy decision. The narrative moves from the generosity of business corporations, to foreign-owned corporations' political activity decisions in the host country, to Mrs. Thatcher and the median voter, and finally to the decision to abolish the slave trade.     

“三个代表”重要思想的“社会政治”维度

社会政治的基本理论,为我们提供了认识"三个代表"重要思想的一个新视角."三个代表"重要思想是中国共产党与时俱进"走向社会政治"的政治宣言,是新时期中国共产党推动社会政治建设的行动纲领.     

抵御宗教渗透是稳定发展的关键

在现阶段,利用宗教进行政治渗透和思想渗透是西方敌对势力对我国实施"西化"、"分化"、"和平演变"政治图谋的重要方式和手段.我们要认清西方敌对势力利用宗教渗透搞分裂活动的本质,支持宗教界坚持独立自主、自办教会的方针,坚决抵制境外敌对势力利用宗教进行政治渗透和思想渗透.这是做好宗教工作的中心任务.     

“三个代表”重要思想是我党执政的自觉理性标志

"三个代表"重要思想的创立,是我党执政的自觉理性发展成果,突出表现了我党在思维方式上,实现从"革命思维"向"执政思维"的转变;在执政方式和领导方式上,实现从"一元化"向"职能化"的转变;在领导方法上,实现从"人治"向"法治"的转变.因此,坚持"三个代表"重要思想,实践"三个代表"重要思想,是党在执政方式、领导方式和领导方法上顺应时代发展的正确选择,也是提高党的执政能力、领导水平的正确选择.     

Comparing British and American conservatisms through the prism of African development

Conservatism and conservative party politics in Britain and America is associated with neo-colonial attitudes, including pursuit of national interests ahead of post-colonial development. Based on interviews conducted in Washington and London with actors involved with African development, this article examines comparative shifts in conservatives’ engagements from the late Cold War era to the G. W. Bush and Cameron governments. Greater ideological heterogeneity and distinctiveness among American conservative interests groups, combined with a bureaucratic environment in the US allowing more direct channels for ideological input into policy, results in a more clearly conservative stamp on Africa policy in the US than in Britain where ideological lines on development have become more blurred since the 1997 New Labour election victory and the creation of the Department for International Development.     

碎片化网络舆情下主流意识形态话语权探析

意识形态话语权是社会思潮中引导民心、决定社会舆论走向的能力。网络技术的扩展、网络社会的民粹化走向及个别地方意识形态工作的虚化、弱化、仪式化,导致碎片化网络舆情逐渐占据社会舆情场,甚至出现主流意识形态被碎片化网络舆情“牵着走”的混乱局面。泛滥的网络舆情催生“鸡毛蒜皮效应”、“长尾效应”“羊群效应”“晕轮效应”和“尺蠖效应”,加剧了主流意识形态丧失话语权的风险。网络时代建构主流意识形态话语权已迫在眉睫,需要增强意识形态吸引力、提高网络空间治理能力、控制舆情事件并进行专业化处理、加强网络舆情有效预判和政策的合理统筹等。     

公安学员综合能力特征评析系统研究

公安学员综合能力特征评析系统是公安高等职业院校素质教育的重要组成部分。有必要探讨公安学员综合能力特征评析系统的内涵、理论依据与必要性,科学设置公安学员综合能力特征评析系统的主要内容,分析公安学员综合能力特征评析系统应采取的措施,构建合理的公安学员综合能力特征评析系统。     

狱政管理运用德治思想的几点思考

在狱政管理中运用德治思想 ,既是监狱历史经验和工作实践的总结 ,也是监狱事业发展的需要。在狱政管理中运用德治思想 ,必须构建以马克思主义为指导 ,以社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德为主要内容的思想道德体系 ,把广大干警特别是领导干部的思想道德建设作为重点 ,还要处理好“依法治监”和“以德治监”的关系     

敌对势力利用境外非政府组织渗透活动及其对策 ——以公安网络监管为视角

西方敌对势力利用境外非政府组织谋求政治利益,将网络作为渗透破坏我国的平台;积极开发互联网新技术,以"网络无国界"为由,改变着网络意识,抨击主流网络文化;纠集境外非政府组织炒作热点敏感问题,并以"维权"相号召,不断进行攻击污蔑、造谣生事,煽动民众同党和政府产生对立情绪;线上培养意见领袖,支持、参与、策划街头政治、民族分裂等活动,试图破坏我国社会稳定和国家安全。网络渗透和反渗透斗争中的胜利,决定了我国未来网络空间主权。公安机关在应对以境外非政府组织为媒介的网络渗透过程中也暴露出手段、技术上的瑕疵。针对这些问题,公安机关应当顺应信息化警务发展,弥补部门情报系统、舆情监测、网络设备、技术人才等不足,细化公安机关职责,加大对境外非政府组织的监管力度,防范和抵御西方敌对势力借助境外非政府组织对我国策动"颜色革命"的图谋。     

论近代日本的国际秩序观及其实践

19世纪后半期,东亚国际秩序处于由前近代向近代过渡的转型时期.在东亚秩序转型中,包括了三个几乎同时进行的结构性转型.在这个过程中,日本充当了重要的角色.此间,日本对中朝的外交政策与其国际秩序观有着直接的关联.可以说近代东亚国际关系的演变在很大程度上就是日本借助欧洲条约体系对东亚既有秩序的破坏,向着有利于实现自己意愿的方向改组东亚原有的国际秩序,从而推动和实施其国际秩序思想的过程.