对一起美容非法行医案件的思考

生活美容机构开展医学美容业务存在着监管难题,如在执法调查及行政处罚过程中,违法主体认定、证据收集、法律适用等关键环节都存在着诸多问题。作者通过对一起未经批准在生活美容店开展医学美容的行政处罚案例的讨论,探讨非法行医案件调查取证的难点,剖析案件查处过程中违法主体、违法事实认定及法律适用等问题,提出对此类执法工作的相关建议。     

侦查人员出庭作证问题的思考——《刑事诉讼法修正案（草案）》刍议

由于近年来发生的一系列冤假错案，侦查人员出庭作证问题成为了刑事诉讼研究的一大热点。侦查人员出庭作证对于保障犯罪嫌疑人的合法权益、规范侦查取证行为、促进公平正义、维护司法权威具有十分重要的意义。然而，在我国司法实践中，该制度的推行却困难重重。通过对相关现行法律法规的分析，可以看到，我国侦查人员出庭作证的确存在某些立法缺陷，建议《刑事诉讼法修正案（草案）》对侦查人员出庭作证问题予以完善。     

公布违法事实的法律属性分析

作为一种新型的政府规制手段，公布违法事实已经在我国当下诸多行政管理领域得到运用，并为环境保护、食品安全、产品质量及证券监管立法初步认可。法律概念用语的模糊、程序及责任规定的缺失，致使公布违法事实手段的运用呈现杂乱无序的格局。依托行政行为形式化原理，可对公布违法事实的法律属性作声誉罚、公共警告、行政处罚结果公开形式及行政强制执行手段的区分。鉴于公布违法事实手段的不当运用容易侵害到行政相对人的合法权益，应当分别从行使条件的拟订、正当程序的遵守和预防性救济机制的建构等三个方面对其进行有效控制。     

罚金刑执行难的原因与对策

罚金刑执行难是司法实践面临的一个普遍问题。其立法根源在于刑法总则所确定的罚金刑适用根据的单一性,刑法分则关于具体犯罪适用罚金刑规定的僵化性;其司法原因在于罚金刑的判决具有盲目性,罚金刑的执行主体不够具体。从立法上讲,应完善刑法总则关于确定罚金数额根据的规定,改进刑法分则关于具体犯罪适用罚金刑的规定,同时增设罚金易科制度;就司法而言,应摒弃罚金刑适用的盲目性,并统一罚金刑的执行机构。     

论警察执法权益的刑法保护

面临日益增多的暴力袭警事件,必须加强刑事立法,使警察的执法权益得到根本性的保障.在刑法总则排除社会危害性行为的内容中增设依法履行职务的行为;在刑法分则中增设有关袭警犯罪的内容,以加强对警察执法权益的刑法保护.     

暴力袭警的成因及对策研究

从大量的数据研究和对一线民警的实际调查来看,公安民警遭受暴力袭击的原因是多方面的。为此,公安机关和广大一线民警必须转变执法理念,加大警务实战训练力度,进一步强化警务保障机制,提高执法规范和防范意识,最大限度地减少伤亡。     

违法发放贷款罪司法认定中的疑难问题研究

违法发放贷款罪认定中有诸多疑难问题:违法向关系人发放贷款的情节认定问题、本罪与挪用资金罪的界限划定问题、本罪的罪过形式问题等。本罪罪过形式具有复杂性,违法发放贷款与违法向关系人发放贷款两种情况的罪过形式要相区别,违法向关系人发放贷款的罪过形式只能是故意的,而违法发放贷款的罪过形式既可以是故意,也可以是过失的。     

促进罪犯回归社会：英国的实践

促进罪犯重新融入社会是当代英国的重要刑罚目标。为此,立法上规定有监禁刑与半监禁刑,监禁刑执行中规定有刑期管理、家庭监视等制度。这对我国不无借鉴意义。     

Law Enforcement Lessons Learned from Hurricane Katrina

Major disasters represent infrequent events that often require response organizations to vicariously learn from the experiences of others in order to improve their operations. A primary mechanism for such knowledge diffusion is the different practitioner and empirical journals for the organizational fields that comprise disaster response. A review of the literature for the law enforcement field, however, reveals that little attention is given to how these organizations manage actual disasters. In particular, the presentation of organizational experiences, whether through case studies or other methodologies, is very limited in the practitioner and empirical literature of this field. This represents a considerable problem for improvements of disaster response operations given that law enforcement agencies represent a key component in such efforts. The research presented in this article is an effort to fill this knowledge gap and thereby facilitate organizational learning to improve future law enforcement disaster response activities. The authors traveled to Mississippi and Louisiana after Hurricane Katrina to examine the response efforts of state and local law enforcement agencies to the storm. The findings from this research are reported here in a lessons‐learned format to inform law enforcement disaster response policy.     

Does border enforcement deter unauthorized immigration? The case of Mexican migration to the United States of America

This paper asks whether the migration decisions of unauthorized Mexican immigrants to the USA have been influenced by stronger US border enforcement efforts since 1993 that have sharply increased the physical risk and financial cost of illegal immigration. These measures were supposed to have decreased the probability of successful entry, thereby lowering the expected benefits of migration. We carried out a logistic regression analysis of data from a recent survey of 603 returned migrants and potential first‐time migrants in rural Mexico. Our findings indicate that tougher border controls have had remarkably little influence on the propensity to migrate illegally to the USA. Political restrictions on immigration are far outweighed by economic and family‐related incentives to migrate. An alternative, labor‐market approach to immigration control with higher probability of effectiveness is outlined.