The Renewed ‘Struggle for Syria’: From the War ‘in’ Syria to the War ‘over’ Syria

ABSTRACT

Syria is generally considered a case of non-intervention. One of the dominant (since the 1990s) kinds of intervention, namely multilateral humanitarian intervention, failed, as did other attempts by a select group of countries to implement a ‘red line’ concerning the use of chemical weapons. However, in this case, there is no sharp dichotomy between intervention and non-intervention. In lieu of an intervention that would tilt the balance and coordinate help to halt massacres, various rival and uncoordinated international and regional interventions overlapped over time, fuelling a market for violence. ‘Weakened interventionism’, as opposed to principled and hierarchical intervention, has manifested itself in Syria in a model recalling “the struggle for Syria” of the 1960s in a new, contemporary setting.     

个人特殊体质介入侵权责任影响的类型化分析——基于最高法院24号指导案例适用情况的考察

受害人自身特殊体质如何影响侵权责任的承担，各种观点不一。最高法院第24号指导案例确立受害人体质状况不属于减轻侵权人责任情形的“蛋壳脑袋”规则，但尚未得到普遍参照适用。究其原因，既有对因果关系、原因力等理论存在误解的原因，也有道德倾向、现实需求、“类似案件”识别标准模糊等现实原因。实际上，对于判断特殊体质与损害结果之间是否存在因果关系，无论采用因果关系二分论还是相当因果关系学说，都融入了法律政策的考量和主观价值判断。因此，个人特殊体质对侵权责任影响应从法律技术判断回归价值判断，根据是否因年龄自然增长形成的特殊体质、特殊程度、知悉情况、故意还是过失等因素进行类型化分析。     

The New Panopticon? Examining the Effect of Home Confinement on Criminal Recidivism

Due to its versatility within the criminal justice system, home confinement has broad appeal as a sentencing option. This meta-analysis examines the effectiveness of house arrest and electronic monitoring on the recidivism of adult offenders. Fourteen effect sizes (from 11 studies) that present recidivistic outcomes were quantitatively pooled, and separate meta-analyses were conducted on varying categories of recidivism severity to assess the differing impact of home confinement. The findings suggest that home confinement helps adult offenders successfully reintegrate into the community upon release from closed custody and deters future offending. Implications for correctional policies and practices toward home confinement as a community-based prevention strategy to supervise offenders are discussed.     

Longer Term Impact of Bystander Training to Reduce Violence Acceptance and Sexism

ABSTRACT

Many bystander programs to prevent violence have been developed and evaluated in college populations. An exception is the randomized controlled trial of Green Dot, found effective in reducing violence rates and violence acceptance in 26 high-schools (2010–2014). In ‘Life’s Snapshot’, 10,727 seniors were recruited from these same schools with the goal of determining the longer-term efficacy of bystander training. Students in intervention schools could have up to three years of Green Dot exposure. Seniors from intervention versus control schools had significantly lower scores (p <.01) indicating less violence acceptance or sexism for two of five measures. Seniors’ self-reports of bystander training received confirmed these findings. These cross-sectional analyses suggest that some reductions in violence acceptance associated with bystander programming may be maintained into early adulthood.     

国际社会的民主和法治价值与保护性干预——不干涉内政原则面临的挑战与应对

作为国际法基本原则的不干涉内政原则,主要面临＂内政＂的概念有分歧、＂国际和平与安全＂的外延在扩大、＂保护的责任＂日益凸显以及国际法上的民主与法治价值观更受重视等方面的挑战。中国国际地位的提升以及国家利益的日益扩大,促使中国政府应反思并调整不干涉内政原则。＂保护性干预＂将成为中国应对不干涉内政原则挑战的必然选择。     

《监狱法》修改的总体构想

当前急需对现行<监狱法>进行修订,提高<监狱法>的法律规格、法律效力,充实和细化<监狱法>的内容,加强其可操作性①.对于<监狱法>的修改,本文建议在保留原有体系结构的基础上,增加监狱人民警察的职权、义务,监狱服刑人员的权利、义务,劳动改造,心理矫治,执法监督等专章,在”狱政管理”部分增加监狱侦查和档案管理两节.     

资本与权力：现代空间想象的两种表征

人类的想象力,深刻影响着空间的表征形式.在启蒙现代性的规划之下,空间开始成为资本与权力的想象媒介,其在人类世界产生了极大效应.当合理的想象,逐渐衍化为过度的滥用与误用,空间便将成为资本与权力的附庸,使空间本有的人情伦理得以异化.对资本与权力这两种现代空间的想象表征进行批判,并非只是借此来反思现代社会的文明进化和资本主义的制度结构;更为重要的是,通过对此二者的批判性分析,来唤起人们对现代空间品性的重新认识.     

家暴受害女性心理问题及其干预研究述评

家庭暴力破坏家庭和谐,危害家庭成员身心健康,引起全社会广泛关注。女性作为家庭暴力中的主要受害者,其心理问题日益成为学界关注的焦点之一。近年来的相关研究认为家庭暴力受害女性易形成自我意识问题、情绪问题以及相关风险行为、人际退缩、自杀以及暴力伤害行为等四类心理问题,提出了电话咨询和网络咨询、个体面询和家庭咨询、团体咨询等几种典型的心理干预方法。同时,在综述大量研究的基础上,探讨了今后相关的研究方向。     

State-building or state-capture? Institutional exports,local reception and hybridity of reforms in post-war Kosovo

ABSTRACT

Post-war Kosovo has been the subject of a highly intrusive international state-building project, including an unprecedented influx of international administrators, assistance and funds. However, it increasingly bears the hallmark of a weak and captured state. This special issue contributes theoretical and empirical insights that shed light on possible explanations, difficulties and prospects of the state-building project in Kosovo. Theoretically, we investigate how international and local explanations play out, interact and gain dominance over each other; highlight the local factors that shape the experience of state-building; and focus on the hybridity of institution- and state-building on the ground. Empirically, we take stock of two decades of international state-building activities and one decade of independent statehood by providing long-term and in-depth analysis of specific areas of reform – municipal governance, state bureaucracy, normalization of relations between Serbia and Kosovo, education, creation of armed forces, security sector reforms and reception of Salafi ideologies. Such time-sensitive, case-nuanced and empirically heavy analysis enables the authors to go back and forth between the role of international activities, domestic strategies of resistance and evidence of hybrid reforms in order to test the role of competing explanations.