道德失范与社会治安

我国自进入社会转型期以来,较为普遍的道德失范现象正以特有的方式影响着社会的运行与发展,在一定程度上正威胁着社会治安。因此,从道德失范的原因出发,分析道德失范对社会治安的影响、采取相应的措施克服道德失范带来的不良后果,以维护社会治安稳定,这对我国的改革发展具有重要意义。     

文化差异对法律及经贸英语翻译的影响

人类的翻译活动受诸多因素的影响,其中包括文化差异。本文作者从英汉翻译实践出发,列举了大量论据,证明中国文化与西方文化之间的差异对法律及经贸英语翻译具有重大影响,值得人们认真研究和对待。     

The Public Relevance of International Security Research in an Era of Globalism

International relations specialists have frequently questioned whether their academic research and teaching has any impact on the "real world." The record of success is generally believed to be a spotty one. While there is no denying that academics have informed aspects of policymaking, the concern remains that the great bulk of international studies research is too abstract, specialized, or linguistically incestuous to reach the light of day in policy circles. We argue that the relationship between the pursuit of peace and security and the study of it is more complex than is captured by the classic policy–research divide. The argument rests on two observations: First, to assess the public impact of peace and security studies, one must focus on how practices within a variety of institutional contexts, not just state policies, are transformed. Second, it is not scholarship per se that has a measurable public impact, but the interplay of research, practical innovation, and advocacy. We derive these observations from a review of the work of Social Science Research Council–MacArthur Program fellows over the fifteen-year life of that program.     

Quantitative Differentiation of Bloodstain Patterns Resulting from Gunshot and Blunt Force Impacts

Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) provides significant evidentiary value in crime scene interpretation and reconstruction. In this work, we develop a quantitative methodology using digital image analysis techniques to differentiate impact bloodstain patterns. The bloodstain patterns were digitally imaged and analyzed using image analysis algorithms. Our analysis of 72 unique bloodstain patterns, comprising more than 490,000 individual droplet stains, indicates that the mean drop size in a gunshot spatter pattern is at most 30% smaller than the mean drop stain size in blunt instrument patterns. In contrast, we demonstrate that the spatial distribution of the droplet stains—their density as a function of position in the pattern—significantly differs between gunshot and blunt instrument patterns, with densities as much as 400% larger for gunshot impacts. Thus, quantitative metrics involving the spatial distribution of droplet stains within a bloodstain pattern can be useful for objective differentiation between blunt instrument and gunshot bloodstain patterns.     

侵权责任法背景下再议医疗侵权适用举证责任倒置

医疗侵权损害赔偿诉讼中,举证责任的分配可能对判决结果产生重大影响,关乎到能否有力地保护医患双方合法权益,因而成为医学界与法学界共同关注的热点问题之一。2002年4月1日起施行的〈〈最高人民法院关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》,是我国第一次以司法解释的形式规定医疗侵权诉讼适用“举证责任倒置”。本文中,笔者将主要针对《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》实施后对“医疗侵权诉讼适用举证责任倒置”的影响以及今后立法趋势等方面做出阐释与论述。     

正交试验设计辅助Pc-Crash实现事故再现分析

目的利用Pc-Crash实现事故再现分析时,探索由参数敏感性分析方法确定那些对仿真结果有显著影响的参数,通过对这些参数进行合理处理尝试提高仿真结果的精度。方法引入基于正交试验设计的参数敏感性分析方法。结果将此方法应用到Pc-Crash优化计算器内参数敏感性分析的实践中,获得了对碰撞后车辆运行轨迹有影响显著的参数。通过对一实际碰撞试验的再现研究,验证了敏感性分析所得结论在指导优化参数选取方面的有效性。结论研究表明借助正交试验设计辅助Pc-Crash实现事故再现分析具有实用价值。     

The European Commission's Opinions under Article 6(4) of the Habitats Directive

The contribution examines the Opinions which the European Commissionhas issued so far under Article 6(4) of Directive 92/43 (HabitatsDirective). It examines Member States' reasoning for justifyingthe application of Article 6(4) of the Habitats Directive inthe light of the European Court of Justice rulings, and comesto the conclusion that probably not one of the cases submittedwould have been accepted by the Court.     

网络时代物权原则的确立

互联网络基于其自身的特殊性,已经对物权法制产生了许多重要影响,其中,尤为突出的是它动摇了物权法定原则存在的合理性基础,使意思自治能够全面在物权法领域得以贯彻.然而关于网络对物权法乃至民法的影响,基本上没有引起学者的注意.因此,在我国目前正在准备起草制定物权法和民法典时,深入研究互联网络对物权法和民法的影响,不仅对丰富和发展物权法和民法理论具有重要意义,而且也对物权法和民法典的制定具有重要的现实意义.     

“To This Day She Continues to Struggle with the Terror Imposed upon Her”: Rape Narratives in Victim Impact Statements

This study locates the victim impact statements of raped women in the sociolegal context of significant sentencing law reforms introduced in Canada to address an ascendant victim’s rights movement. We examine 38 reported sentencing decisions in sexual assault cases in Ontario, Canada (1999–2010). Our objectives are to discern (a) whether the archetype of the ideal victim continues to influence juridical discourse after conviction and (b) what narratives of harm intersect with sentencing objectives and aggravating factors. Our findings suggest women express profound fear of re-victimization and traumatic effects of sexual violence regardless of the relational context of their rape experience. Most surprisingly, our data show sentencing judges view the sexual assault of an intoxicated rape victim as an aggravating factor. Future consideration for victim impact statements in sexual assault cases is discussed.     

Does business influence government regulations? New evidence from Canadian impact assessments

Regulatory impact assessments frequently embed stakeholder consultations in their design. Canada was one of the early adopters of such an approach and therefore has systematic documentation on the actors taking part in these consultations. This article asks whether these consultations have an influence on regulatory change and whether business disproportionally benefits from them. After converting the documentation into data, we find that these consultations do in fact matter: the more diversified the stakeholders taking part, the more stringent the changed regulations. But we also found that for a subset of regulatory changes, those likely to carry high economic stakes, business takes advantage of the consultation, often obtaining some reduction in regulatory stringency. These reductions, however, are conditioned on the limited presence of opposing views expressed during the consultations.