西电东送的区域能源效应分析

西电东送有利于国家范围的资源优化配置,有利于开发西部。西电东送工程的成效,一方面取决于输入地内在的长期能源消费变动趋向,另一方面取决于其他能源,尤其是石油价格的未来变动走向,以及电力部门相应的定价策略。     

全球化及其对公共管理中领导资格的影响

全球化促进了公共管理的有效性和行政机构的国际化 ,同时对公共管理中的领导资格产生了影响。因此 ,领导者要不断学习新知识和新技能 ,接受新的挑战。领导模式应该灵活多变 ,领导者的培训也不应该千篇一律 ,领导者应该在行动中学习。     

论阻碍执行国家安全工作任务行为的定罪及刑法完善

阻碍执行国家安全工作任务的犯罪行为是比较严重的妨害公务的犯罪行为,因刑法未对这种犯罪行为单独定罪量刑,对这种犯罪行为的定罪量刑因不同情形而有所不同,而且理论和实践界对这种犯罪行为的定罪量刑有不同观点,为加强对国家安全的维护,有必要对惩处阻碍执行国家安全工作任务的犯罪行为进行刑法完善。     

Like-Sex Versus Opposite-Sex Effects in Transmission of Gender Role Ideology from Parents to Adolescents in Israel

The study examined whether transmission of gender role ideology is more prevalent among parents and children of the same sex (like-sex effect) than among parents and children of the opposite sex (opposite-sex effect). Gender role ideology was assessed on the basis of 2 factors: gender role stereotypes and occupational sex-typing. The research sample consisted of 134 fathers, 134 mothers, and 134 Israeli adolescents (equally divided among girls and boys). Moderate correlations (ranging from 0.22 to 0.58) were found between parents and children, which indicate a partial like-sex effect. Specifically, father–son correlations in gender-role attitudes were higher than father–daughter correlations. Regarding occupational sex-typing, the same pattern was found only for attitudes toward masculine occupations. As far as mothers were concerned, no like-sex effect was found for either aspect of gender role ideology. Mothers were found to have the most liberal gender role attitudes, while children expressed less liberal attitudes, and fathers expressed the most traditional attitudes. As far as occupational sex-typing is concerned, mothers expressed the most liberal attitudes, while no significant differences were found between fathers and children. All family members expressed more traditional attitudes toward in-home roles than toward outside roles, and maintained more stereotyped perceptions of masculine tasks than those of feminine tasks.     

Capacity Building as an Instrument of Institutional Reform: Improving the Quality of Higher Education through Academic Audits in the UK, New Zealand, Sweden, and Hong Kong

As countries convert from state to market-centered public policies, there is increasing interest in new forms of public accountability. Capacity building initiatives that reform institutional frameworks are useful policy instruments during this period of transition. What are the impacts and implementation problems characteristic of this approach? This article reviews the experience with "Academic Audit," a capacity building accountability instrument for universities adopted in the UK, Sweden, New Zealand, and Hong Kong. Academic audits altered the incentives for cooperative behavior among faculty members to improve student learning. Identified implementation problems included: training for the new process, the uncertainty of capacity building benefits, and the central role of information.     

特定产品过渡性保障机制的效应及我国的对策

特定产品过渡性保障机制使《保障措施协议》的非歧视原则成了单向约束我国的规则。它的另一些规定也以不对等方式增大了其他成员国对我国适用保障措施的机会。它是一种战略性遏制武器 ,使其他成员国有能力顷刻间化解我优势产业的大规模攻势。加快经济改革 ,加强谈判地位 ,应成为我国的中长期对策。用活配额 ,择用“例外” ,可作为主要的短期对策。     

Precedent Externality, Network Effect, and the Possible Inefficiency of the Evolution of Laws

Using the traditional scenario of tort conflict as an example, I argue that the marginal precautionary costs of injurers and victims are not constant, as was assumed by most previous researchers. The precedent of a liability rule has some natural externality on the precaution technology, and hence marginal cost, faced by future agents involved in torts. The adoption of legal rules therefore has a network effect, meaning that the present prevalent adoption of one rule increases the probability of its future adoption. Treating the dynamic evolution of legal rules as a random process, we are able to apply an established result in the literature of network economies to conclude the path-dependence, non-predictability, and potential inefficiency concerning the final legal rule to which the dynamics converge.     

浅谈计算机实践教学

在《计算机应用基础》教学中,应对内容有所取舍,注重知识理解与上机实践同步,以提高实践教学的效益。     

工具理性 实现机制 制度创新——关于“三个代表”与制度创新的理论思考

实践"三个代的关键是建立严密的保证"三个代表"实现的政治制度系统.执政党的政治行为是一种为社会服务的公共北产品,这种公共产品的质量,不仅需要主观的设计,更重要的是要靠现实具体的政治机制决定的.保持政党宗旨与制度设置的内在一致性,是执政宗旨实现的保证.当领导者们实践"三个代表"不再仅仅是一种道德自律行为,而且是一种制度机制的逻辑行为时,它才有可能成为一种可靠而稳定的政治常态.     

对公安考核激励机制的几点思考

文章对公安队伍管理长效机制建设过程中如何有效建立考核激励机制,进行了深入的探索。从体现江泽民同志在"7·1"讲话中提出的"尊重人、理解人、发展人"的思想高度出发,运用现代管理的科学理念,提出了管理的目的,不是管死管住,而是激励激活的观点。并对考核激励机制应着力解决的问题,应注意把握的原则,进行了分析和研究。