仙人掌总黄酮抗炎作用的研究

为考察两种不同工艺(水提醇沉,超声波醇提)提取的仙人掌总黄酮的抗炎作用,通过冰醋酸致小白鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加,棉球致小白鼠肉芽肿以及蛋清致大白鼠足跖肿胀的炎症模型,观察两种仙人掌总黄酮对不同炎症的作用效果。结果显示,水提醇沉高剂量组和超声波醇提高剂量组的仙人掌总黄酮均能极显著抑制冰醋酸所致的小白鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加(P<0.01),且高剂量水提醇沉总黄酮的作用效果优于阳性药物地塞米松磷酸钠的作用效果;水提醇沉和超声波醇提总黄酮的各个剂量都能极显著抑制棉球所致小白鼠肉芽肿(P<0.01),其中水提醇沉高剂量和超声波醇提低剂量的作用效果与地塞米松磷酸钠的作用效果相近,但超声波醇提总黄酮毒性过大,不适于临床运用。水提醇沉总黄酮的各剂量均能不同程度地抑制蛋清引起的大白鼠足趾肿胀,高剂量可极显著降低肿胀率(P<0.01),作用效果与地塞米松磷酸钠接近。试验结果证明,仙人掌总黄酮对于急、慢性炎症均具有良好的抑制作用。     

Horizontal Effect and the Constitutional Constraint

This article offers a new interpretation – the ‘constitutional constraint’ model – of the duty the Human Rights Act imposes on the courts to give horizontal effect to European Convention rights through the common law. The model requires courts to develop the common law compatibly with the Convention, but only where compatibility can be achieved by incremental development. We argue that models requiring more than incremental development are unsustainable; that deep constitutional norms compel the constraint of incrementalism, which is preserved under the HRA; and that by virtue of section 2 of the HRA, Convention rights function as principles rather than hard‐edged rights in this context. This further undermines the idea that the courts must strictly apply Convention rights and cannot allow them to be overridden by non‐Convention factors. The final section explores the nature of incrementalism in this context and the impact of the model on the doctrine of judicial precedent.     

论国际商事仲裁中临时性保全措施之执行

国际商事仲裁中的临时性保全措施旨在使仲裁程序顺利进行,保障裁决能够得以执行,对于国际商事仲裁的发展起着至关重要的作用。本文首先通过《国际商事仲裁示范法》、国际公约以及其他国家或地区的国内法两个层面上透析临时性保全措施的执行问题,接着结合我国现行法律对有关临时性保全措施的规定进行比较研究。最终对我国现行立法的修订提出行之有效的建议。     

供体细胞形态、直径和传代次数对猪体细胞核移植效果的影响

通过采集猪卵巢表面的卵母细胞,经过体外成熟和去核,供体细胞经过分离、培养和传代,注核并构建重构胚胎,融合和激活重构胚胎,以探讨供体细胞的形态、直径和传代次数对猪体细胞核移植重构胚胎的发育能力和核移植效果的影响。结果显示,表面光滑的卵丘细胞作为供体细胞核移植后的分裂率和囊胚率均显著高于表面粗糙的卵丘细胞(P<0.05),虽然融合率差异不显著(P>0.05)。直径小于15μm的供体细胞核移植后的融合率显著低于直径大于30μm的供体细胞(P<0.05)。直径20～30μm供体细胞核移植后的分裂率与直径小于15μm的供体细胞组的分裂率差异显著(P<0.05),与直径大于30μm的供体细胞组差异不显著(P>0.05)。直径20～30μm的供体细胞核移植后的分裂率与囊胚率(63.73%和21.54%)较高,囊胚率有显著差异(P<0.05)。对不同代数胎儿成纤维细胞核移植效果的研究发现,6～9代成纤维细胞的融合率显著高于3～5代和≥10代的成纤维细胞(P<0.05),但卵裂率和囊胚率差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,表面光滑的供体细胞有利于重构胚胎的发育,直径20～30μm的供体细胞较适合进行核移植,用传代培养6～9代...     

The CSI effect and the Canadian and the Australian Jury

Television shows, such as CBS's CSI and its spin-offs CSI: Miami; CSI: Las Vegas; and CSI: New York, have sparked the imagination of thousands of viewers who want to become forensic scientists. The shows' fictional portrayals of crime scene investigations have prompted fears that jurors will demand DNA and other forensic evidence before they will convict, and have unrealistic expectations of that evidence. This has been dubbed the "CSI effect." This phenomenon was explored using results from a Canadian study based on 605 surveys of Canadian college students who would be considered jury-eligible and Australian quantitative and qualitative findings from a study that surveyed and interviewed real posttrial jurors. Information about the way jurors deal with forensic evidence in the context of other evidence and feedback about the way in which understanding such evidence could be increased were gained from both these studies. The comparison provides insights into the knowledge base of jurors, permitting adaptation of methods of presenting forensic information by lawyers and experts in court, based on evidence rather than folklore. While the Canadian juror data showed statistically significant findings that jurors are clearly influenced in their treatment of some forensic evidence by their television-viewing habits, reassuringly, no support was found in either study for the operation of a detrimental CSI effect as defined above. In the Australian study, in fact, support was found for the proposition that jurors assess forensic evidence in a balanced and thoughtful manner.     

公共政策可行性研究与政策执行力改进

公共政策质量与政策执行力密切相关,政策本身的不完善是限制执行力提升的重要因素,而加强政策的可行性研究是提高政策质量的有效途径。政策的可行性研究应该包括政治、法律、组织、经济、技术等内容,当然,不可行性分析也是不可缺少的内容。在实际操作中还应警惕可行性分析的异化与具体政策制定环境的不同影响因素。本文以政策的可行性研究为着眼点,从政策质量提高的角度探讨政策执行力提升的路径。     

职务犯罪特别侦查权探究——以检察机关侦查权的优化为视角

近年来,职务犯罪始终处于易发高发态势,虽然检察机关运用职务犯罪侦查权有力地打击了腐败现象,但由于我国尚未制定专门的反腐败法律,检察机关的职务犯罪侦查权存在诸多缺失,难以适应打击职务犯罪的需要,在一定程度上影响和制约了反腐败工作的深入开展,这与党的要求和民众的期望尚有不小的距离。借鉴国外的职务犯罪特别侦查权,赋予我国检察机关职务犯罪特别侦查权,并对其加以程序控制,才能更有力地打击职务犯罪。     

信息失真对公共政策执行的影响及其对策分析

信息是公共政策执行的重要资源和前提条件。信息失真可能影响政策本身及政策执行的公正性、影响政策解释与政策分解、影响政策的准备与实施。客观环境的动态变化、政策执行主客体的主观偏好、语言障碍、认知差异等是引起政策信息失真的主要原因。对此,本文建议通过建立完善的政策信息响应系统、创新组织架构、提高利益平衡度和信息素养、建立信息畅通的政策执行机制等方式,削减信息失真对公共政策执行的负面影响。     

电子证据法律效力的难点及对其管理的启示

文章首先从证据相关的法律条款角度,探讨了电子证据产生法律效力的难点：电子证据是何种证据形式、电子证据是否有原件、对电子证据的真实性应如何审查等,并对国外有关电子证据的法律法规作了分析,对电子证据管理带来的影响作了阐述。     

Globalization and Domestic Trade Policy Preferences: Foreign Frames and Mass Support for Agriculture Subsidies

Reforming agriculture trade policy is key to breaking the deadlock in multilateral trade negotiations. While existing studies have focused on institutions and interest group barriers to agriculture trade reform in developed countries, most have failed to recognize the broad support for agriculture protection among developed countries. In this article we examine one of the drivers of this support: the ability of politicians to frame their own agriculture policies as less generous relative to those of other countries. Drawing on existing literature on heuristics, we argue that voters are malleable to politicians’ comparative framing of agriculture policies. Using an original survey experiment in the United States, we find that framing US agriculture as less generous than other countries generates an additional 12% of respondents supporting increased farm payments to US farmers. These results speak to the difficulty in reforming agriculture and more broadly about the lack of public support for unilateral trade liberalization.