犯罪人格视野下累犯从重处罚根据及预防

以表征人身危险性的犯罪人格阐释累犯从重处罚的根据，不仅更切合实际，而且能使刑事政策合理化，有效预防累犯再犯罪。矫正犯罪人格预防累犯再犯罪的途径有：实行行刑个别化，改善累犯犯罪人格；设立更生保护制度，巩固改善犯罪人格的成果；营造良好的社会环境，控制累犯犯罪心理的生成；提高累犯自身素质，增强其免疫犯罪的能力。     

从不作为犯罪看和谐社会背景下的刑事政策

不作为犯罪的历史沿革表明,古代社会的刑法以国家威权主义为特征,大量规定不作为犯罪。近代以伴随着启蒙运动的兴起不作为犯罪成立的范围开始受到限制。我国长期奉行的国家威权主义有刑事制裁扩张的倾向,在社会矛盾凸现期更要警惕犯罪圈的扩张。刑法处罚的不作为犯罪,在某种程度上说属于刑罚的扩张,因此限制不作为犯罪成立的范围,对于构建和谐社会背景下宽严相济的刑事政策具有重要意义。     

定罪中的人身危险性问题研究

我国犯罪论中存在着人身危险性地位的理论争议;通过比较分析,可以看出,世界大多数国家评价犯罪的标准是犯罪人的犯罪行为,而我国犯罪论对犯罪的界定标准是单纯的犯罪行为;因此,建议在我国刑事司法中建立行为的社会危害性和行为人的人身危险性主客观辩证统一的犯罪评价机制。     

论诉讼的负效益

衡量一个社会法治水平的尺度不是诉讼率的高低 ,而是诉讼对纠纷解决的能力。我们在充分正视诉讼对于法治意义的同时 ,心须清醒地看到诉讼对社会的可能的负面影响。诉讼本身的特性以及不适度的诉讼率都会产生诉讼负效益 ,因此 ,当代中国应对诉讼的功能持理性的态度 ,采取适当的措施 ,使诉讼保持适度的发展比率。     

浅析网络对当代大学生道德素质的负面影响

网络的普及和发展,时大学生的道德素质产生了较大的负面影响。由于网络立法不完善、学校教育与管理不到位、大学生身心发展不成熟等原因,使大学生道德情感冷漠、道德意志弱化、道德行为失范。这就需要社会、学校及大学生等多方面共同努力,通过净化网络环境,营造良好的网络氛围,开发教育新阵地,以及提高大学生自律能力等措施,帮助大学生增强道德观念,使他们在德智等方面健康发展。     

What’s Sex (Composition) Got to Do with It? The Importance of Sex Composition of Gangs for Female and Male Members’ Offending and Victimization

Sex composition of groups has been theorized in organizational sociology and found in prior work to structure female and male members’ behaviors and experiences. Peer group and gang literature similarly finds that the sex gap in offending varies across groups of differing sex ratios. Drawing on this and other research linking gang membership, offending, and victimization, we examine whether sex composition of gangs is linked to sex differences in offending in this sample, further assess whether sex composition similarly structures females’ and males’ victimization experiences, and if so, why. Self-report data from gang members in a multi-site, longitudinal study of 3,820 youths are employed. Results support previous findings about variations in member delinquency by both sex and sex composition of the gang and also indicate parallel variations in members’ victimization. These results are further considered within the context of facilitating effects such as gender dynamics, gang characteristics, and normative orientation.     

World heritage and the local politics of memory: the Miike coal mine and fu no isan

Abstract

This article investigates the complex relations between heritage and memory through an analysis of the UNESCO World Heritage ‘Sites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution’ and its component Miike coal mine. When discussing this World Heritage Site, scholars and the media have focused on the diplomatic controversy over the history of forced labour between Japan and South Korea, interpreting it as a new example of a dispute over history in East Asia. However, this understanding oversimplifies the relations between heritage and memory. Based on fieldwork research and documentary analysis, this article investigates the diversity and complexity of the collective memory of Miike coal mine from a local perspective. The results show that there is a sharp dissonance between the World Heritage story and some of the ex-miners’ memories, which focus on the negative past, fu no isan. Documentary analysis shows that fu no isan has two different but closely related meanings: negative legacy and negative heritage. Fieldwork research reveals that the various commemorations of fu no isan in the local community, mainly based on ex-miners’ social networks, constitute a form of vernacular memory, independent from the official memory of the World Heritage. Finally, I conclude that heritage can be public memory, rather than just official memory, as long as it is open to plural memories of the past.     

浙江省城市与农村初中生学校幸福感比较研究

研究浙江省初中生学校幸福感的总体特征,比较城市与农村初中生学校幸福感的差异。采用随机取样的方法对5353名城市和农村初中生进行问卷测查。结果表明：浙江省初中生的总体学校幸福感明显偏向于积极良好的一面,城市初中生的学校幸福感高于农村初中生,但经过三年的初中生活,城市和农村学生的学校幸福感都呈明显的下降趋势。