破解收入分配制度改革难题之路径

我国收入分配制度改革的主要难点在于垄断行业收入过高、部分国企高管年薪过高、劳动报酬比例过低、灰色收入规模过大、既得利益群体阻挠等。收入分配制度改革必须以这些难题为突破口,深化改革,理顺分配关系,使广大人民群众充分享受到改革发展的成果。     

来华留学生影响因素的实证分析

中国一直被认为是世界上最大的留学生输出国,到目前为止,这一地位依然没有改变,但是被忽视的一点是,2011年中国已经成为世界第十大留学生接收国。研究发现,中国的研究与开发投入占GDP的份额、高等教育入学率,以及中国与十大来华留学生输出国的GDP差距是影响来华留学生的最主要的三大因素。但是,世界前500名大学排名中中国大学数量,在所有因素中影响作用最小。由此可见,就目前来看,相对于中国的经济增长来说,中国高等教育的质量并不是主要吸引留学生来中国学习的主要因素。但是,目的国的高等教育质量才是吸引留学生的最根本因素。因此,要进一步提升中国高等教育质量,保证我国留学生的教育的可持续发展。     

东北地区消费过度敏感性分析

在东北地区经济发展的历程中,传统经济范式使得消费的拉动效应较弱。通过采用面板数据模型对东北三省消费过度敏感性检验可知,城镇和农村居民的消费过度敏感性系数都较高,当期消费与当期可支配收入之间具有较高的相关性。较高的消费过度敏感性抑制了居民的消费水平,限制了消费对经济的推动力。东北地区要维持健康稳定地发展,需扩大本地区的消费水平,因此要改变居民的传统消费观念和行为,完善消费信贷市场,提供有效的生活保障措施,并维持政策的可持续性。     

基于持久收入假说的中国农村居民消费函数分析

我国农村居民消费倾向偏低的一个重要原因是收入不稳定,特别是持久收入波动较大.为此,提高农村居民的消费倾向,启动农村市场,必须通过制度创新、调整农村产业结构、加快城镇化等措施,使农村居民的收入特别是持久收入稳定增长.     

Mapping the Theoretical Foundations of the Social Work–Migration Nexus

This article revisits the social work–migration nexus by investigating the implications of the debate on mobility and transnationalism. The conceptual boundary between migration as single-directed movement and as an extended and multidirected process has been much discussed across the social sciences but not yet fully in social work. However, the dialectic of sedentarism versus mobility makes for a key challenge to the arrangements and the tacit assumptions of this field of research and practice. Building on an innovative analytical framework and on a variety of examples, we highlight the friction between sedentarism and mobility as central to social work with immigrants and their families.     

社会流动视角下的城市底层生存与低保制度调适——基于湛江的实证调查分析

湛江的多社区社会调查显示,城市低保对象处于生存边缘和发展边缘,存在社会支持网络狭小、信息路径闭合、生活态度钝化和代际继承效应增强等现象,难以实现向上的社会流动。现行的城市低保制度可迈向有助于低保对象社会流动的发展型制度。     

农业产业化中的税收政策研究

"三农"问题始终是关系党和人民事业发展的全局性和根本性问题。税收作为一项重要的政策工具,是增加农民收入的有效手段,必须积极地配合其他政策在促进农业产业化方面有所作为。如何进一步发挥税收在促进农业产业化快速发展中的积极作用,是新时期推进"三农"工作需要不断探索的一个重要课题。     

Social Security and Taxation: A Note on Some Intellectual Foundations of Social Security and Taxation

This note offers a short summary of intellectual roots of social security and taxation as institutions. The emphasis is on very basic ideas, spanning a bridge from the German historical school to recent French thought. The purpose is, of course, to show the breadth of intellectual options.     

Stewardship and health systems strengthening: An overview

The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced the concept of stewardship to clarify the practical components of governance in the health sector. For the WHO, stewardship concentrated on how government actors take responsibility for the health system and the wellbeing of the population, fulfill health system functions, assure equity, and coordinate interaction with government and society. This article overviews the contents of this special issue, which offers examples of how health stewards in a variety of countries have addressed issues of health security, primary care expansion, family planning, and quality of care. The contributors' articles draw lessons for policy, programs, and management useful for practitioners and scholars. Our overview identifies several themes emerging from the articles: the foundational role of legal frameworks for effective stewardship, the importance of institutional arrangements as enablers, the influence of regional and global entities on national stewardship, the connection between credible decision‐making structures and stewardship, and pathways to sustainable financing and domestic resource mobilization. The discussion concludes with highlighting several gaps in knowledge and practice related to health stewardship.