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排序方式: 共有733条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
471.
改革开放实行的差异性发展政策,形成了部分地区、部分企业和部分人的率先发展,而政策调整的滞后,使得经济发展水平的差异硬化为明显的社会差异,随着经济的进一步发展,富者愈富、穷者更穷,社会的分化和差距越来越大,收入分配差距目前已经达到可以容忍的上限。改革发展的成果不能惠及到社会的各个方面,弱势群体的心理失衡和行为失范以及由此可能导致的社会动荡,可能成为我们构建和谐社会的阻梗,疏通这一阻梗应当成为我们建设和谐社会的重要任务。 相似文献
472.
A view of distributive or economic justice is presented. Economic justice can best be achieved through the construction and administration of social policies that promote equality of condition and opportunity such that people are able to achieve equitable outcomes based on their needs and the community's assessment of their contributions. A discussion of the income security situation of older Canadians provides an empirical vehicle for illustrating this view. The point is made that before economic justice can prevail social policies must be developed such that current levels of structured inequality are significantly moderated. Equity will be realized only when there is a shift in policy-making such that claims of citizenship take precedence over those claims based on the rights of property. 相似文献
473.
正确处理收入分配改革中的十大关系——基于经济和法律的思考 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
我国正在进行的收入分配体制改革至今未能取得更多的实质性进展,主要原因在于未能将适用于改革初期的非均衡发展战略及时地转向均衡发展战略,因此导致了在经济运行中的经济发展与分配公平、市场调节与国家干预、公权行使与私权保护、资本价值与劳动价值、藏富于民与藏富于国、强势集团与弱势群体、公共产品与私人产品、国有经济与民营经济、城市扩张与城镇发展、政策手段与法律手段十大关系的失衡。克服这种失衡要靠政策的力量,更要靠法律的力量。 相似文献
474.
李静 《山西省政法管理干部学院学报》2013,(2):76-77,90
个人所得税具有增加国家财政和调节收入分配的作用。然而,由于在税制模式、税率结构、费用扣除等方面的缺陷,导致我国现行个人所得税制的公平缺失严重。因此,要适应新的社会经济发展的需要,就要以税收公平原则对个人所得税法进行完善。具体路径:进一步明确征税对象的范围;完善所得税费用扣除的标准;采用综合所得税制模式。 相似文献
475.
This study examines the microlevel process of housing turnover between Blacks and Whites to assess whether crime plays an important role in the racial transition of neighborhoods. The study uses a unique, longitudinal version of the National Crime Survey in which each dwelling's close neighbors are identified. After controlling for household characteristics and the characteristics of their close neighbors, crime occurring in nearby areas is found to increase the chances of White-to-Black turnover while decreasing the chances of Black-to-White turnover. This change occurs even though the directly victimized houses do not necessarily have a probability of racial turnover different than that of other houses nearby. The findings suggest the presence of structural constraints that limit the housing opportunities for Blacks and constrain their choice of residence to comparatively unsafe neighborhoods. They also indicate that “White avoidance,” in which Whites systematically bypass high-crime neighborhoods, is important in maintaining the relationship between race and crime. 相似文献
476.
《Journal of Baltic studies》2012,43(4):449-466
Abstract Few would deny that the Soviet occupation has had an effect on post-restoration policy making and implementation in Latvia. Indeed, many commentators of post-Soviet politics insist that we must come to terms with the Soviet to understand the post-Soviet. In our view, the effects of the Soviet legacy on the policy process are clearly apparent in post-restoration Latvia, specifically in the area of language education policy. This article argues that both Soviet and post-Soviet policy making and implementation can be characterized in three ways: duplicity, a Soviet ethos, and “professionalization”. In what follows, we first engage with the Soviet policy process in general and the 1958–59 education reforms specifically. Based on interviews with education professionals, teachers and parents, we then analyze Latvian education laws and their implementation in 2004, highlighting the legacy of Soviet governance. 相似文献
477.
我国现行的死亡赔偿金主要以城乡各自的平均收入水平为计算标准,虽与死亡受害人的预期纯收入并不对等。但也具有一定合理性。我国城乡之间命不同价的现实原因是城乡经济水平的差异,而非法律本身的逻辑缺陷。《侵权行为法》第17条同死同价的尺度设置比较合理,但建议对该条宽松适用,两人或两人以上即属“多人死亡”,赔偿金尽量按就高不就低的标准来计算。 相似文献
478.
Hanaa Mahmoud Sid Ahmed Muawya Ahmed Hussem 《美中公共管理》2010,(3):84-96
This paper uses households' data from central region of Sudan to examine factors that affect infant and child mortality. The education of mother and father, community variables and household income per adult are used. For this purpose, a household survey was conducted to collect data on the variables of interest from a random sample withdrawn from the study population. 600 questionnaires were distributed to households in one province of the region (out of five) where there are seven localities. The data has been analyzed using different statistical and econometric methods, including ordinary least squares method. The ordinary least squares found that child mortality is inversely associated with household income per adult, community variables and parental education. The effect of mother's education is more significant than father's education, mother's age is also found to be the most important factor that influences child mortality. 相似文献
479.
本研究对USNEWS2013世界大学排行榜排名前30位的10所大学从2007年到2013年的财政经费收入结构进行了统计分析,结果发现学费以及政府投资在世界一流大学的财政经费中所占的比重不断下降,而社会捐赠收入以及销售与服务收入所占的比重持续上升。这启示我国一流大学要减少对学费以及政府投资的依赖,不断推进大学办学经费来源的多元化;重视大学销售与服务创收能力的提升;拓宽募捐渠道,提升大学的募捐效能;并在充分挖掘原有经费来源潜力的同时,不断创造新的经费增长点。而政府要持续加大对一流大学的投资,并为其募捐提供制度保障和政策激励。 相似文献
480.
《Journal of prevention & intervention in the community》2013,41(1-2):151-175
SUMMARY Many observers of welfare reform have argued that self-sufficiency on the part of welfare recipients is desirable. This would require, at least, that recipients' economic well-being not fall as a result of welfare reform. That question is addressed here by analyzing the impact of early state-level welfare waivers on the growth of earnings and income received by welfare recipients. Analysis of data from the Current Population Survey found that among welfare recipients (1) early work-related welfare reforms generally did not improve the growth in family earnings, and (2) waivers often had a small but negative effect on the growth of family income. Waivers were less detrimental for rural than for urban recipients. Since research has shown that rural employment and earnings generally lag behind urban areas, this is an interesting finding. It suggests that even though rural residents face greater barriers to employment, welfare reform has a smaller marginal effect on rural recipients. 相似文献