The Forfeiture of Possessory Rights in Land and Chattels

The article argues that the concept of forteiture may be applied to a variety of legal transactions in which the transfer of a possessory right takes place between the parties. In particular, it is contended that an equitable possessory right which is capable of enforcement by means of an order for specific performance falls within equity's jurisdiction to grant relief.     

论违约责任

随着中国市场经济的发展，世界一体化进程的加快，以及中国成功加入世贸组织，合同与各种市场主体乃至寻常百姓的接触越来越频繁，越来越密切。而违约责任约定则是一份合同的核心所在，一份完备的合同离不开具体、有效的违约责任条款。笔者拟从违约责任的要件、责任承担方式、几种违约方式的适用、损失赔偿范围等几个方面封《合同法》中的违约责任追行分析，最后就如何在合同中合法、有效地约定违约责任提出一些建议，以最大限度保护守约方的合法权益。     

论入户抢劫的未完成犯罪形态

入户抢劫是一个过程,但并非任何入户抢劫行为都能顺利完成。因此,作为结果加重犯的一种入户抢劫也存在未完成犯罪形态。对入户抢劫未完成犯罪形态的认定,应注意入户抢劫"着手"的认定和入户抢劫的犯罪未得逞问题。行为人只要实施了入户行为使可以认定为入户抢劫的"着手",而入户抢劫的犯罪未得逞,应限定于行为人尚无实际非法占有、控制户内他人的财物。准确地认定入户抢劫的未完成犯罪形态,区分入户抢劫的犯罪预备与未遂、犯罩未遂与既遂,能够更充分地体现"有利于犯罪嫌疑人(被告人)"的原则,有制于刑事司法实践。     

政府采购合同的行政法研究

政府采购合同是政府采购活动的重要组成部分，其本质是通过合同实现政府意志和社会公共利益。我国《政府采购法》将政府采购合同定位为民事合同，然而微观分析这一定位，其本质属性明显有别于民事合同，政府采购合同应属行政合同。     

独立监管机构的法律特征及其合宪性分析

由于独立监管机构的独立性、权力混合性特征,其被誉为"无头的第四部门","宪法怪胎(constitutionalanom alies)"。卡罗尔.哈洛,理查德.罗林斯和王名扬先生的著作中都有关于独立监管机构正当性的论述。然而,"不完备法律理论"提供了更有说服力的解释,即剩余立法权与执法权的存在。并且独立监管机构天然地带有制衡传统行政权的色彩,其不但没有僭越三权分立原则的精神内核,反而是一位合格的执行者,开拓者。     

Trade Secrets, Firm-Specific Human Capital, and Optimal Contracting

Trade secrets are innovations jointly produced by firms and employees that are generally not protected by patents. They are commonly protected within the framework of labor contracts, where an obligation of confidentiality is imposed upon the employee. Specifically this obligation applies to the employee even after he has left the employer for a period of time determined in the contract, known as a cooling off period. Often employees are prohibited not only from revealing trade secrets, but also from utilizing their specific human capital developed at the original place of employment in competitor firms during this period. Their specific human capital is in effect inseparable from the trade secret. Failure to protect the trade secret will result in its revelation and its becoming public and hence worthless for the innovator. The inability of an employee to reveal trade secrets and utilize his specific human capital after leaving his place of employment imposes costs and losses upon him. Some form of compensation will be paid for these contingent losses within the employment contract. Employers know that the longer the cooling off period imposed upon employees, the greater employees must be compensated for this in the contract. Longer cooling off periods thus cost the employer more, but also enable him to earn greater rents from the innovation itself. In this paper profit-maximizing periods of trade secret protection are derived, based on these two countervailing factors, and comparative statics exercises are performed. How the selection of profit-maximizing periods of trade secret protection when the incidence of resignation is itself affected by contract parameters and incentives is explored.     

Online Dispute Resolution and Bargaining

The automated negotiation process seems to be a powerful mechanism to resolve disputes arising from Internet-based transactions. Automated negotiation is an online blind-bidding process in which an automated algorithm evaluates bids from the parties and settles the case if the offers are within a prescribed range. Following the arguments of the dispute resolution professionals, the main advantage of this procedure is to promote natural agreements by restoring the parties' right to negotiate on their own, without the presence of a third party in the shadow of negotiations. Our purpose is to investigate this issue by modelling the automated negotiation process as a two-person bargaining game under incomplete information. A first result states that, given incomplete information, not all mutually beneficial agreements can be attained via the procedure. Furthermore, the settlement rule has a drastic effect on the players' strategies, which induces that the automated negotiation process does not significantly increase the likelihood of a settlement. The ability of the procedure to generate efficiency is only due to the costs imposed on parties if a disagreement occurs, that is the combination of players' risk aversion and uncertainty.     

评《合同法》与《联合国货物销售合同公约》合同形式的冲突与协调

本文提出新《合同法》的买卖合同形式规定已经与《联合国货物销售合同公约》（ 以下简称《公约》） 的规定相吻合,因而,应撤销基于旧合同而对《联合国货物销售合同公约》声明保留的内容。此外,文章还对国内法与国际条约的四种关系模式及我国立法的取向进行了论述。     

论合同解除后恢复原状请求权的性质——以物权变动模式的选择为基础的考察

就合同解除后恢复原状请求权的性质,旧有的学说大都在理论逻辑上难以自圆其说或者失之偏颇.对此问题不能一概而论,而应当结合物权变动模式的选择以及合同解除的标的详加分析.在意思主义和债权形式主义的物权变动模式下,该请求权为物权性质的所有物返还请求权;在物权形式主义的物权变动模式下,则视合同解除的标的而定:若解除的是物权合同,该请求权仍为物权性质的所有物请求权,若解除的是债权合同,该请求权则为债权性质的不当得利返还请求权.     

经济发达地区的出租屋管理模式及法律问题思考

在经济发达地区，外来人口已经分化成为外来常住人口和外来流动人口。外来常住人口的工作和居所比较固定，相对来说配合管理。而外来流动人口则相对流动性较大，工作和居所不固定。除住在宾馆、旅社、招待所外他们一般以城乡结合部的农民或“城中村”的居民住房改造成的出粗屋为居所。在经济发达地区外来流动人口和出租屋事实上已经形成了独立的场所。因此，针对外来流动人口一般以出租屋为落脚点，政府对出租屋的管理应象对娱乐场所管理一样引起重视，要予以单独立法，确认出租屋管理行政合同制，并努力用最先进的现代化管理手段来提高管理效率。