关于我国公安监督工作的几点思考

文章以“二十公”会议精神对公安机关监督工作提出的要求为出发点,回顾了建国以来我国公安机关监督工作的发展历史,分析了当前公安机关监督工作存在的问题及难点,提出了对新时期公安机关监督工作的几点构想。     

控制洗钱犯罪若干对策研究

洗钱行为具有隐蔽性、复杂性和专业性,加上洗钱行为与上游犯罪的紧密联系特征等原因使洗钱犯罪的侦查工作具有一定的困难。我们应寻求反洗钱的法律法规的进一步完善,促进反洗钱工作的顺利开展。     

The Effects of Environmental Exposure on the Optical,Physical, and Chemical Properties of Manufactured Fibers of Natural Origin

Manufactured fibers derived from natural origins include viscose rayon, azlon, and polylactic acid (PLA). A 2‐year study was conducted to document any changes these fibers undergo as a result of exposure to various environmental conditions. Fabric swatches representing each fiber type were exposed to freshwater, saltwater, heat, cold, ultraviolet light, or composter conditions. Fibers from the swatches were periodically analyzed using polarized light microscopy and Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. Fiber solubility and melting‐point behavior were measured every 6 months. Except for the complete degradation of viscose rayon in the composter, saltwater, and freshwater environs, no changes in the optical properties, infrared spectra, solubility, or melting points of the remaining fibers in any of the environments were observed. However, microscopic morphological changes were observed in fibers from two azlon swatches submerged in freshwater and saltwater, two PLA swatches exposed to ultraviolet light, and two viscose rayon swatches exposed to ultraviolet light.     

动车玻璃破碎痕迹分析

动车运行过程中发生车窗玻璃破碎的情况具有突然性,对铁路运输安全有一定影响,并极易受到公众高度关注。动车玻璃破碎有的是人为因素引起,有的是非人为因素引起,判明玻璃破碎的原因,确定案事件性质,是采取有效措施,消除安全隐患的前提。笔者结合海南环岛高铁2010年以来发生的89起动车玻璃破碎案事件现场勘查实践以及广深线48起动车玻璃破碎案事件资料,对玻璃自爆、飞砟、弹弓弹射钢珠、抛石击打造成玻璃破碎的形成机制和痕迹特征进行了分析总结;针对抛石击打与飞砟形成玻璃破碎痕迹的区分难点,对两者因击打角度和方式不同、击打物的体积和质量的不同而形成痕迹的差异进行了深入探讨。     

关于公安组织结构创新的理论思考

公安组织结构是公安工作中形成的权责关系的架构体系。我国公安组织属于直线一职能制结构类型,随着社会的发展,这种结构化缺陷形成的弊端日益凸显,解决这些弊端的有效途径就是开展公安组织结构的创新。公安组织结构创新应以权力配置、绩效管理和激励系统作为切入点,公安队伍的正规化建设是公安组织结构创新的具体应用。     

高职高专公安院校教育思想研究的逻辑起点探析

逻辑起点是一种理论或一门学科研究的出发点,正确的定位对于理论的发展和体系的构建起着至关重要的作用。"以就业为导向"的高职高专教育思想观念是现行高职高专教育思想研究的逻辑起点,其源自高职教育的逻辑起点"供求"。笔者在借鉴高职教育"供求"逻辑起点的基础上,提出以"需求"为公安教育的逻辑起点,其内涵为公安教育要"培养公安机关亟需的,以具有国家公务员身份为必要条件的,既有国际水准又具有中国特色的高素质的人民警察"。公安教育思想研究既要以其作为研究或分析的开始,并要以此为核心,演绎出整个公安教育理论体系的逻辑主线和结构,从而为促进我国公安教育的可持续发展提供科学的理论支持。     

基于红外光谱无损区分可擦中性笔墨水色痕的研究

可擦中性笔墨水色痕形成文件的检验是目前法庭经常遇到的问题,建立一种简便、灵敏、快速、定性准确的区分可擦中性笔墨水色痕种类的方法是当前公安实战部门所需要的。研究中利用红外显微镜,采用单点模直接采集可擦中性笔墨水色痕的红外光谱。实验结果表明,根据样品红外吸收光表征的红外吸收峰的位置、数目、强度及形状可将不同品牌的可擦中性笔墨水色痕区分开来。     

An innovative method for human height estimation combining video images and 3D laser scanning

Digitalization has increased the number of video surveillance systems that sometimes capture crime images. Traditional methods of human height estimation use projective geometry. However, sometimes they cannot be used because the video camera surveillance system is not available or has been moved and there are no reference lines on the frame. Scientific studies have developed a new method for human height estimation using 3D laser scanning. This model necessarily requires a series of approximations, which increase the final measurement error. To overcome this problem, in the present study, images of a subject are projected directly on the 3D model, estimating the height of the subject. This article describes the methodological approach adopted through the analysis of a real case study in a controlled environment executed by Carabinieri Forensic Investigation Department (Italy). The aim is to obtain a human anthropometric measure derived from frames extracted from the videos associated with the digital survey of the framed area obtained with 3D laser scanning and point cloud analysis. The result is the height estimation of five subjects filmed by a camera obtained through the combination of 2D images extracted by a DVR/surveillance systems with 3D laser scanning. Results show that most estimated measurements are less than the real measurement of the subject; it also depends on the posture of the subject while walking. Furthermore, results shows the differences between the real height and the estimated height with a statistical approach.     

规范化量刑方法：应用、问题及完善

规范化量刑方法是最高人民法院在总结司法经验的基础上,经过多年的试点探索而最终得以形成的.这种量刑方法的基本做法是：将与犯罪有关的事实和情节进行合理划分,进而针对这些事实和情节进行分步量刑,最后得出宣告刑.规范化量刑方法的科学性是比较明显的,但是,将这一量刑方法作为基本的刑罚裁量方法,其在目前也仍然存在着一些不够合理和不够充分之处.为进一步发挥我国规范化量刑方法在有效促进量刑的公正性和合理性方面的重要作用,当前有必要对这一量刑方法进行必要的充实和完善.其中,重点就是要解决量刑起点的合理确定问题,并同时将这一量刑方法的规范性有效拓展至无期徒刑以及不同种自由刑并罚的合理适用方面.     

进一步开创和把握陕西经济又好又快发展

开创和把握陕西经济又好又快发展,必须在发展战略上,正确处理"好"与"快"的关系,纠正在"好"与"快"关系处理中的片面认识,坚定地树立又好又快的发展目标,把科学发展的理念贯彻在每个项目建设上,落实在每个经济行为中;必须抓住陕西经济发展的现实机遇,创造全国阶段性高增长水平;必须进一步创新陕西经济发展理念,打造持续健康增长的坚实支点;必须正视挑战,破解风险,保持全省经济发展的和谐氛围。