British corporatism

Politics in Industrial Society. By Keith Middlemas. London: Andre Deutsch, 1979. Pp.512. £14.95 (case). £5.95 (paper).

The Politics of the Corporate Economy. By Trevor Smith. Oxford: Martin Robertson, 1979. £17.50.

Governing Under Pressure: The Policy Process in a Post‐Parliamentary Democracy. By J.J. Richardson and Grant Jordan. Oxford: Martin Robertson, 1979. £16.50 (case). £5.90 (paper).     

The Structural Limits of Depoliticisation in Sri Lanka

ABSTRACT

Sri Lanka’s institutional reform project has gathered momentum with the enactment of the Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The Amendment restored the Constitutional Council, which is mandated to recommend and approve appointments to key ‘independent’ institutions and offices. This article asks what it means to be meaningfully ‘depoliticised’, and explores the dynamics and parameters of the current institutional reform project in Sri Lanka. It argues that the entrenchment of Sinhala-Buddhist majoritarianism within Sri Lanka’s institutional structures has led to ‘institutional decay’. Given such decay, the article points to serious limitations in legalistic approaches that are preoccupied with improving appointment procedures. Since institutions in Sri Lanka are structurally incentivized to appease a majoritarian agenda, relying on legal-textual and institutional reform alone is inadequate. Institutional reform is ultimately constrained by the structural limits of Sri Lanka’s current constitutional framework. The article concludes that meaningful constitutional transformation requires a long-term project that aims to transform the majoritarian socio-political and cultural norms that underpin Sri Lanka’s constitutional order.     

浅议辽宁省装备制造业创新能力问题

辽宁装备制造业经过多年的培育和发展,已成为辽宁省实力雄厚的第一产业,在国民经济中一直发挥着重要作用。但是,辽宁装备制造业的创新问题一直困扰其可持续发展,主要体现在基础制造、智能制造和重点装备等领域。该文提出从创新经费渠道、自主创新能力、协同创新能力、开放式创新体系等领域进行创新,构建可持续发展的创新体系。     

REDEMPTION IN THE PRESENCE OF WIDESPREAD CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECKS*

Criminal background checks have now become ubiquitous because of advances in information technology and growing concerns about employer liability. Also, a large number of individual criminal records have accumulated and have been computerized in state repositories and commercial databases. As a result, many ex‐offenders seeking employment could be haunted by a stale record. Recidivism probability declines with time “clean,” so some point in time is reached when a person with a criminal record, who remained free of further contact with the criminal justice system, is of no greater risk than a counterpart of the same age—an indication of redemption from the mark of crime. Very little information exists on this measure of time until redemption and on how its value varies with the crime type and the offender's age at the time of the earlier event. Using data from a state criminal‐history repository, we estimate the declining hazard of rearrest with time clean. We first estimate a point of redemption as the time when the hazard intersects the age–crime curve, which represents the arrest risk for the general population of the same age. We also estimate another similar redemption point when the declining hazard comes “sufficiently close” to the hazard of those who have never been arrested. We estimate both measures of redemption as a function of the age and the crime type of the earlier arrest. These findings aid in the development of guidelines for the users of background checking and in developing regulations to enhance employment opportunities for ex‐offenders.     

从原创性的案例法发展看原创性之内涵

美国原创性的案例法构成了其原创性法律制度的有机组成部分。Burrow-G iles案强调原创性的作品是智力创造的产物,是思想和观念的表现;B leistein案建立了原创性判断的个性理论和"美学不歧视原则;"A lfred案确认并适用了B leistein案有关原创性的判断标准,即考察作品中是否显现出作者的个性;Gracen案确认了演绎作品的原创性标准,即演绎作品同原作品之间存在实质性的区别;Feist案具有重大意义,确认原创性是一项宪法性的要求,否定了额头出汗原则,确定原创性的含义是独立创作加最低限度的创造性,确立了汇编作品的原创性标准,即汇编作品在事实的选择、协调或编排方面是否具备最低限度的创造性。     

论重构我国的无独立请求权第三人制度

我国无独立请求权第三人制度存在违背程序正义、违反处分原则和不告不理原则等缺陷。为弥补这些缺陷,应将无独立请求权第三人分解为被告型第三人和辅助型第三人。     

论海事赔偿责任限制程序与产生海事赔偿责任限制的海事请求程序间的关系

海事赔偿责任限制程序是保护责任人的法定程序 ,可被视为一个独立的诉 ,不仅具有所需要的三个要素 ,而且也具有其自身的管辖权。本文从上述几个方面论述了海事赔偿责任限制程序与产生海事赔偿责任限制程序间的关系     

独立董事监督的有效性与实证分析

理论上 ,学者多认为独立董事监督的动力在于名誉资本和股票所有权 ;而Romano等学者的实证主义的研究却没有能够就此得出明确的结论 ,而呈现出不同程度的混合性。此外 ,独立董事的服务时间、专业资格、执行总裁的当政时间以及董事会的规模等具体情形也对独立董事监督作用的发挥发生着影响。因此 ,对独立董事作用的评估及机构上的设置应着眼于各种因素的有效结合。     

浅议统计信息质量提高

目前我国统计信息质量还远远达不到社会对其要求,亟待提高。为此,要大力推进依法统计,加强统计制度方法的改革,使统计工作能更好地服务于社会经济活动。     

战时缓刑制度若干争议问题研究

战时缓刑既不能仅仅被视为一般缓刑制度的延伸法律效果,也不能被简单割裂开来看做是一种区别于一般缓刑的完全独立的缓刑制度。与一般缓刑制度相比较,战时缓刑制度是具有相对独立性的一种缓刑制度。