强制隔离戒毒的治理理念纠偏及创新——基于社会工作与强制隔离戒毒相融入的视角

司法行政部门的劳教戒毒向强制隔离戒毒转变的过程中,面临着多方面的瓶颈,如职能定位不清、定位转变难、管教人员与戒毒人员之间的关系紧张等。为突破强制隔离戒毒工作的发展桎梏,实现强制隔离戒毒机构的治理创新,应借鉴社会工作专业的理念与方法,开展三方面的工作:一要理顺管理与服务之间的关系,充分认识戒毒人员的主体地位;二是实现治理主体的多元化,不仅要加强管教人员的引导,还需加强戒毒人员的自我管理、同伴管理以及社工机构的参与;三是推进强制隔离戒毒的治理法制化工作,为保障戒毒人员的人权提供法律保障。     

中国区域协调发展的实践创新与重点任务

推进区域协调发展是“十四五”时期经济社会发展的重要目标,也是推动形成优势互补高质量发展的区域经济布局必然要求。我国区域发展战略实施以来,形成了具有中国特色的区域协调发展实践经验,利用点、带、网三种经济空间格局模式有力地推动了地区经济发展。当前我国国际发展环境受到的约束增强,国内人口、资源环境也发生深刻改变,区域协调发展战略的实施面临新的挑战,迫切需要立足新形势的需要从优化发展路径动力转换、加强特殊类型区发展、缩小城乡差距与构建更加科学的区域政策体系等多个方面推进区域发展战略的实施。     

地方政府绩效评估体系的路径选择——福建的分析

本文分析了地方政府绩效评估体系的内涵及其路径选择的实质,并从自上而下绩效评估与自"下"而上绩效评估两类活动的角度,勾勒了目前地方政府绩效评估体系的现状和发展趋势,提出通过调整评估系统的构成要素组合来发展与完善地方政府绩效评估体系。以福建省绩效评估体系的演进为例,指出发展地方政府绩效评估体系的可能路径在于,通过平衡参与评估各方的利益需求,充分发挥政府内外各个利益相关者的作用,运用综合评估标准,由各方协商确定评估指标的权重,谨慎使用评估结果,从而改善整个评估体系的绩效。     

试论县域经济发展环境的优化

县域经济是自然地理环境、科学技术环境、社会经济环境和人文环境等各种因素融合成的整体 ,县域经济发展是区域可持续发展的核心之一。优化县域经济环境 ,培育创新意识 ,塑造新型的人文和体制环境 ,是县域经济发展的必然选择。     

中国梦视阈下大学文化传承创新研究

中国梦的实质,是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。高校作为文化传承的基地和文化创新的主体,在实现中国梦的进程中承担着神圣的使命。本文阐释了中国梦视阈下大学文化传承创新的内涵,提出了大学文化传承创新的路径,指出高校应当成为文化传承创新的引领者、策划者和担当者,努力构筑实现中华民族美好期盼和价值愿景的精神殿堂。     

The Rationale Behind the Creation and Diffusion of Independent Regulatory Agencies: The Case of the Telecommunications Sector in Egypt

The creation and diffusion of Independent ^{1 1}Three different meanings of the regulatory state have been identified by Jordana and Levi-Faur (2004): the minimal, the prudent, and the overambitious meaning. The minimal meaning refers to the regulatory state as a field of study grouping scholars from different disciplines. The prudent meaning emphasises the tendency of modern states to use power and authority. An overambitious notion, the regulatory state developed to replace other state forms such as the welfare, developmental, and stabilisation state. Regulatory Agencies (IRAs) was greatly investigated in the context of the developed countries, particularly in Europe. Many scholars have provided different theories to explain the logic behind the formation and the spread of such agencies. These theories are important but not sufficient to explain the same phenomenon in the context of the developing countries wherein socio-economic and political environments are different. Adopting an institutional framework of analysis, and based on an in-depth qualitative documentary analysis and interviews with different stakeholders, this article investigates the creation and diffusion of the IRAs in Egypt particularly in the telecommunication sector. The findings show that the creation of the IRAs in the Egyptian telecommunications sector represents a rational response to the external isomorphic pressures exerted by international agency and can be explained on functional and practical grounds rather than any other factors of democratic governance or political uncertainties.     

The early development of the soviet government bureaucracy: Center,localities, nationality areas

The article presents and appraises the innovative performance of Greece from the 1990s to the present and argues that Greece's economic strategy up to now has had little if anything to do with entrepreneurship and innovation. It focuses on two new groundbreaking reform initiatives proposed by the ministries of development and education, that provide, for the first time, the dynamics that could enable the country's economy to overcome some of its crippling dysfunctions and steer it towards entrepreneurship, innovation, and business clusters. The article concludes that where public administration economic strategies and public universities have failed, privately owned universities and the newly proposed entrepreneurial parks could finally guide the economy towards the right path.     

Motivations Behind Using Performance Measurement: City-wide vs. Selective Users

Abstract

This article identifies and describes the utilisation of performance measurement in Florida local governments. Two research questions are considered here: which factors influence Florida city governments to use performance measurement? And how do the factors associated with cities that are city-wide users differ from cities that are selective users? The paper develops a framework constructed from literatures in performance measurement and management innovation to develop hypotheses that are tested with 2005 Florida local government data. This study finds strong support for the role of community attributes, form of government and internal capacity as contributors to the use of performance measurement. The study also finds the factors that influence city-wide users are different from factors that influence selective users, especially with regard to revenue size and the reward/incentive system.     

The Rise of the Resilient Local Authority?

The term resilience is increasingly being utilised within the study of public policy to depict how individuals, communities and organisations can adapt, cope, and ‘bounce back’ when faced with external shocks such as climate change, economic recession and cuts in public expenditure. In focussing on the local dimensions of the resilience debate, this article argues that the term can provide useful insights into how the challenges facing local authorities in the UK can be reformulated and reinterpreted. The article also distinguishes between resilience as ‘recovery’ and resilience as ‘transformation’, with the latter's focus on ‘bouncing forward’ from external shocks seen as offering a more radical framework within which the opportunities for local innovation and creativity can be assessed and explained. While also acknowledging some of the weaknesses of the resilience debate, the dangers of conceptual ‘stretching’, and the extent of local vulnerabilities, the article highlights a range of examples where local authorities – and crucially, local communities – have enhanced their adaptive capacity, within existing powers and responsibilities. From this viewpoint, some of the barriers to the development of resilient local government are not insurmountable, and can be overcome by ‘digging deep’ to draw upon existing resources and capabilities, promoting a strategic approach to risk, exhibiting greater ambition and imagination, and creating space for local communities to develop their own resilience.     

Independent Mayors and Local Lists in Large Polish Cities: Towards a Non-partisan Model of Local Government?

The enormous success of local independent lists and independent mayors in Poland suggests it is important to examine their distinctive features, analyse the place they occupy in local politics, and explore the model of local government they encourage. This paper deals with these topics by investigating some extreme cases of non-partisanship at the local level. Research was conducted in three arbitrarily chosen Polish cities governed by independent mayors and dominated by independent lists in the local legislatures. Mixed quantitative and qualitative methods were used: a survey among city councillors; and individual key-informant interviews (IDI). Non-partisans appear to be a separate category of local politicians, different in terms of their views on politics. They explain their non-partisanship using anti-partisan, historical or tactical justifications. It seems that non-partisanship can be a means of institutionalising a particular manner of understanding and engaging in politics. Local lists organised by independent mayors are informal, concentrating on the leader and performing only some of the traditional functions of parties. This paper demonstrates that, due to the vague nature of the links between local politicians and their administration, independent councillors may serve only as a ‘democratic addition’ to a local administration headed by a skilful manager.