关于如何提高交警警务英语应用能力的研究

改革开放以来,经历了30年风雨历程的中国人民公安教育,培养了大批公安人才,他们具有扎实的基本功、严谨的业务知识以及执法能力,但英语应用能力普遍比较薄弱。目前,干警们普遍感到自己的英语水平处理涉外案件时力不从心,常常出现处理涉外案件或面对外籍人士求助时,只能面面相觑的尴尬局面。这既影响了涉外警务的处理,也在某种程度上影响了中国警察的形象。因此,开展警务英语培训,提高一线民警特别是交通警察的警务英语应用水平已经刻不容缓。     

我国个人信息匿名化的法律标准与规则重塑

大数据时代,匿名化规范既是个人信息保护中风险预防的手段,也是我国数据经济发展中数字流通的法律基础,但匿名化的法律标准在我国法律中还有待明确。欧盟已通过《一般数据保护条例》提出明确的匿名化标准,但该条例基于流程设置的标准适用于欧盟境内尚可,适用于我国或显得过于严苛,有碍数字经济的发展。我国个人信息匿名化法律标准与规则的重塑应当考虑环境、再识别风险,建议进行功能性匿名化。将比例原则应用到我国匿名化法律标准和规则的重塑之中,并将其引入到评估匿名信息接收者的风险等级,有助于降低个人信息被再识别的风险亦有利于匿名化的法律标准制定和规则构建。     

个人生物识别信息民事权利诉讼救济问题研究

我国《民法典(草案)》将生物识别信息列入隐私权和个人信息保护的范围。目前,在外国以保护隐私权思路保护个人生物识别信息的民事诉讼实践中所遇到的困难主要包括:类主体与类事由化问题;侵权行为的程序性违法问题;传统案件—诉讼—损害的民事法理逻辑对损害赔偿的限定等问题。充分完善类诉讼制度;解决新兴权利的法律赋权问题;确定程序性违法的损害认定标准以及完善举证责任制度,是保证个人生物识别信息民事权利诉讼救济充分实现的制度优化措施。     

Law Enforcement Lessons Learned from Hurricane Katrina

Major disasters represent infrequent events that often require response organizations to vicariously learn from the experiences of others in order to improve their operations. A primary mechanism for such knowledge diffusion is the different practitioner and empirical journals for the organizational fields that comprise disaster response. A review of the literature for the law enforcement field, however, reveals that little attention is given to how these organizations manage actual disasters. In particular, the presentation of organizational experiences, whether through case studies or other methodologies, is very limited in the practitioner and empirical literature of this field. This represents a considerable problem for improvements of disaster response operations given that law enforcement agencies represent a key component in such efforts. The research presented in this article is an effort to fill this knowledge gap and thereby facilitate organizational learning to improve future law enforcement disaster response activities. The authors traveled to Mississippi and Louisiana after Hurricane Katrina to examine the response efforts of state and local law enforcement agencies to the storm. The findings from this research are reported here in a lessons‐learned format to inform law enforcement disaster response policy.     

First‐Hand Experience and Second‐Hand Information: Changing Trust across Three Levels of Government

Little is known about how different sources of information drive citizen trust in government. To address that gap this article compares disaster evacuees to observers, noting how trust differs as attention to media coverage increases. First‐hand experience supplies information to update trust through biological and personal processes and performance assessments, while secondary sources provide information about other people's experiences, filtered through lenses that take an active role in crafting information. These two types of information have varying effects depending on the level of government being trusted. Using surveys administered a year after Hurricane Katrina, I find that Katrina evacuees have the highest trust in federal government, until they start paying attention to media coverage, and that attention to coverage has the most dramatic effect on these evacuees compared to all other groups. I also find that increasing attention to second‐hand information corresponds with higher trust in local officials, and that this effect decreases as the level of government increases. It appears media coverage creates a comparison in the mind of hurricane evacuees, causing them to update their performance assessments based on comparing their own experience to that which they observe, thereby updating their political trust.     

美国对有意义的警示性语言的规制

预测性信息披露人在披露预测性信息时，必须伴随有意义的警示语言，否则就有可能被视为欺诈，有意义的警示性语言是美国预测性声明的免责要件之一。美国判例法为有意义的警示性语言创设了具体的评判标准，它要求：警示语言必须具有针对性，语言在形式上是清晰的、显而易见的，警示性语言必须是与重要的风险因素相联系的，必须及时更新。美国对有意义的警示性语言的规制对我国预测性信息披露制度的构建具有参考价值，对在美国上市的中国公司的信息披露事务具有一定的指导意义。     

反信息公开诉讼规则探析——兼析《最高人民法院关于审理政府信息公开行政案件若干问题的规定》之相关规定

反信息公开诉讼，从信息公开制度衍生而来，在很多方面不同于信息公开诉讼。界定反信息公开诉讼，明确其制度依据，探析其举证责任、审理方式、判决方式等诉讼规则，对我国政府信息公开制度乃至行政诉讼制度的理论和实践具有重大意义。     

论政府信息公开诉讼中的证明责任

政府信息公开诉讼与普通行政诉讼在证明责任上存在重要差别,现有的行政诉讼证明责任分配规则不足以完全解决其中的问题。其中,认定政府信息属于国家秘密的证明责任,依申请公开中关于申请条件的证明责任,信息不存在的证明责任,以数据电文形式提出申请的证明责任,都需要在现有证明规则的基础上进一步明确。     

公安评价运行中存在的问题及其解决途径

伴随着我国行政体制改革的不断深入和政府职能的重塑。公共部门的工作评价也逐渐成为政府部门工作的重要组成部分，在实践中对于促进政府职能转变、提高行政效率效果显著。作为政府职能部门的公安机关也开始探索公安工作评价的新思路和新方法．以期通过评价来促进工作的改进和效能的提高。公安评价在运行中面临着来自主观和客观两方面的障碍，公安机关应该从加强公安评价规范化建设、建立公安评价信息系统、引入公众参与机制等方面入手，保证最大限度地发挥公安评价的作用。实现既定的目标。     

传播全球化对发展中国家的影响及其对策

国际广播、卫星电视、国际互联网络、跨国传播公司的扩张发展，使传播范围日益全球化，它对发展中国家在促进经济文化的繁荣发展、科技进步和政治民主化进程，缩小与发达国家差距等方面起到良好的促进作用，但同时在抢占媒介市场、冲击文化传统、干预社会意识形态以至内政外交等方面，也对发展中国家形成了挑战。制定和实行相关信息化政策，加强国际间的合作与交流，加快本国新闻传播媒体现代化、国际化步伐，是发展中国家迎接挑战的对策，而最根本的还是提高本国的经济实力。