论公共信息管理系统在提升政府危机管理能力中的作用

公共信息在帮助政府及时地识别和界定危机、迅速地进行危机决策、协调各方面的力量应对危机等方面具有重要的作用。目前我国政府公共信息管理方面还存在着机构设置不合理、管理机制不健全等欠缺。我们应该在加强对公共信息认识的基础上,通过建设完善的公共信息资源库、建立健全的信息公开制度和强化与媒体的良好合作关系等方式健全和完善我国的公共信息管理系统,提升我国政府危机管理能力。     

信息革命与经济全球化

信息革命是指人类在认识世界的过程中 ,感知、反映、接收、传递、交流、综合分析和加工处理信息的工具与手段的革命性变革。人类文明的发展始终伴随着对信息获取、存储和运用能力的进步 ,2 0世纪中期以来 ,信息革命开始在全球蓬勃发展。信息革命是继工业化动力革命之后的人类新智能革命 ,它使人类社会面貌正在发生深刻的变化。在信息革命有力地推动下 ,世界进入了全球化迅猛发展、民族国家间联系密切、相互依存程度不断提高的新时代。在信息化新时代 ,认真研究和探讨信息革命与经济全球化的相互关系问题具有重要的理论与现实意义。     

信息系统在供应链与物流系统中的战略价值

信息系统是企业组织的神经系统 ,在供应链的环境下 ,信息系统的应用改进和强化了企业物流、资金流及信息流集成管理。信息系统在供应链和物流系统中具有五大战略价值 :实现供应链管理战略 ,提高企业核心竞争力 ;推动业务流程重组 ,促进供应链企业组织结构优化 ;有效降低物流成本 ,提高物流服务效率和服务水平 ;信息系统是企业辅助决策、经营管理的重要工具 ;物流信息系统推动供应链一体化管理 ,提高整体管理水平和竞争力。     

Open Data for Science,Policy, and the Public Good

Supporters of open data believe that free and complete access to research data is beneficial for science, public policy, and society. In environmental science and policy, open data systems can enable relevant research and inform evidence‐based governmental decisions. This article examines the unlikely case of Brazil's National Institute for Space Research's transition toward an open data model. Considering Brazil's young democracy, incipient practice of government transparency and accountability, and lacking a tradition of science‐policy dialogue, this case is a striking example of how open data can support public debate by making information about forest cover widely available. The case shows the benefits and challenges of developing such open data systems, and highlights the various forms of accessibility involved in making data available to the public.     

The Italian perspective of the right to oblivion

This paper gives a brief overview of the state of the art relating to the right to oblivion in Italy. Three major issues on the way this right is perceived, recognized and protected are presented. First, the strict link between the right to oblivion and the right to information is discussed. Then, the role of the internet revolution in enlarging the protection to different situations related to the right to oblivion is analyzed. Finally, a reflection on the distinction between the right to oblivion and the right to data protection and specifically from the right to erasure, anonymization or blocking of data that have been processed unlawfully is drafted.     

Will ‘broken windows policing’ work in Trinidad and Tobago? A critical perspective on zero tolerance and community policing in a multi-ethnic society

Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) is a multi-ethnic Caribbean nation currently experiencing problems with disorder and violent crime. In response, practitioners have considered the merits of introducing broken windows policing. This article examines the literature on zero tolerance policing, also known as ‘broken windows policing,’ and explores the dangers of potentially harmful interpretations of this approach, particularly in the context of racial and political conflict in a developing society. It also explores whether broken windows can be effective in T&T, where there is social unrest and declining public support for police. Based on prior research, it is suggested that broken windows policing, when incorporated with targeted problem-solving approaches, could be successful in reducing crime in the short-term. Several problem-solving strategies that were effective in New York City and other American cities are also recommended. It is suggested that community-oriented policing strategies designed to increase citizens’ trust and confidence in police be properly implemented before the adoption of any of these problem-solving strategies.     

公共卫生突发事件中个人信息权的保护:以新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情为背景

在公共卫生突发事件应对中追踪检测、收集及分析大量的个人健康信息和流动信息是出于社会大多数公众的生命安全之考虑,是实现公共管理手段的体现,可以达到对传染疾病的有效防治目的.但个人信息收集主体不规范的行为可能会导致个人信息泄露之可能,造成相关当事人的利益受损,如何平衡个人信息采集与公共利益保护依旧悬而未决.以公共卫生突发事件中的个人信息利用为全新视角,对个人信息保护制度进行研究,对于破解个人信息保护面临的实践难题具有重要的现实意义.本文分析了突发公共卫生事件下个人信息保护的法律依据,结合我国突发公共卫生事件下个人信息保护豁免的域外实践,指出我国突发公共卫生事件下个人信息保护存在一些困境,如在突发公共卫生事件中,个人信息的保护缺乏专门的立法和事后具体的利用规则.未来我国在突发公共卫生事件中,应加快个人信息保护的专门立法,同时应确立合法性原则、目的限定原则、最小范围原则及保密性原则为内容的公共卫生突发事件个人信息处理原则来进一步规范信息控制主体的行为.     

Moving Up the Value Chain in ICT: ASEAN Trade With China

The rise of China increased competition for foreign direct investment and exports for the ASEAN economies. It also increased ASEAN trade with China. But, are ASEAN countries able to move up the value chain in their trade with China? The objectives of this article are to examine upgrading in the information and communications technology (ICT) value chain through changes in the product quality of parts and components (PNC) exports from ASEAN to China and the influence of these changes on their ICT trade with China. The main findings indicate that there is little or no product upgrading in the most important SITC 776 sub-component of the PNC exports from the four major ASEAN economies (ASEAN-4) to China after 2005. It is also found that improvements in product quality are more apparent for SITC 772 but this product group constitutes a small share in total manufactured exports from the ASEAN-4 to China. Lastly, with little or no product upgrading, exporters from the ASEAN-4 have shifted to exports of non-PNC goods to China. This shift has enabled the overall ICT exports from the ASEAN-4 to China to continue to grow for the period of this study.     

Policing protest in the Australian Capital Territory: the introduction and use of the Public Order Act 1971

This article examines the reaction by the Australian Federal Government to the protest movements of the 1960s–1970s and their attempts to use public order legislation to thwart radical discontent in Australia. It argues that the Public Order (Protection of Persons and Property) Act 1971 was aimed at the threat of “violent” protests, particularly the tactic of the “sit-in”, and that to this end, the legislation was an overreaction to the actual threat posed by the protest movements at the time. It also shows that after a long gestation period, the Act was ill-equipped to deal with the changing nature of demonstrations in the 1970s, such as the problems caused by the erection of the Aboriginal Tent Embassy. Thus, after an initial flurry of use in mid-1971, the law has been seldom used since.     

The Foreign Policy Legacy of Barack Obama

Barack Obama finishes his second term with a mixed but positive foreign policy legacy. America’s global standing is much improved from the waning days of the George W. Bush administration eight years ago. Obama’s most notable achievements were the international agreement slowing Iran’s progress toward nuclear weapons capability and diplomatic normalisation with Cuba. On the other side of the ledger were his failure to extricate America from military overextension in the greater Mideast and from the global policing mindset that produced that overextension. Also marring his record was his incoherent response to Syria’s deadly civil war and Libya’s collapse into anarchy following the 2011 international intervention.