中国经济体制转型与《商标法》的第三次修改

我国《商标法》的第三次修改工作已全面展开。这次修改以中国经济从高度集中的计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制的转型为时代大背景,因此,我们应站在战略全局的高度,大刀阔斧、锐意改革。具体而言,应当涤除计划经济的理念和制度,删除《商标法》中"加强商标管理"的立法宗旨,将《商标法》调整对象从"注册商标法律关系"回归到"商标法律关系",重构《商标法》中的商标利益平衡机制,从而推动我国《商标法》的现代化进程。     

版权法上公共领域的衰落与兴起

版权法上公共领域是人类自由文化创造的源泉,但20世纪晚近以降,一种将"版权财产"与"公共领域"对立起来加以看待的做法开始变得日益兴盛,致使版权法上公共领域日趋衰亡。该种衰落背后的近因还在于当今的版权受到两种错误思潮的影响:其一,是"浪漫主义的作者观"在版权法上的错误配置;其二,是"有价值便有权利"以及"版权保护必须和复制技术成反比例变化"的观念在版权人世界的广为流传。而为了使版权法公共领域重获兴起,除了需要展开理念上的转型而推行"义务公共领域"的理论学说外,我们还需要展开一系列的制度创新:如展开"创作共享"公有领域运动、迈向"自由演绎"公共领域的未来以及建立网络时代的"默示许可"公有空间等等,由此我们才能看到版权法上公共领域重获兴起的曙光。     

变革社会中的刑事政治问题——从制度需求的角度

当代中国的社会变革将是一个长期的过程,刑事政治如何应对变革社会情形下的制度短缺,既是一个政治问题,也是一个经济问题。刑事政治理论的自在发展在决策民主和执行监督方面有完全不同于狭义刑事政策的规律和要求,具有突出的跨学科特性和相对主义特征。以此为指导,政策与法律的二元背反在刑事制度的供求方面大有可为。     

从法律制度建设看逻辑的科学理性和人文理性

任何制度保障,都是在现实的社会实践中通过制度建设逐步形成、完善的。制度建设必须体现集体思维中逻辑的精神、意义和作用,以促成和谐社会的生成。在此过程中,有几个问题需要思考。一是如何给予道义逻辑的思维必然性以现实保证;二是如何在通过制度建设,促成和谐社会生成的过程中,提高我们的人文精神;三是如何在通过制度建设,促成和谐社会生成的过程中,体会任何制度创新都有和谐社会的伦理基础;任何制度创新都是为和谐社会服务的。从而体现在制度创新中的思维方法论意义。     

机构投资者投票顾问的法律规制——美国与欧盟的探索及借鉴

投票顾问是20世纪80年代以来资本市场兴起的新型咨询服务机构,其向机构投资者提供所持股公司股东大会投票建议、治理状况评级等服务以营利,部分投票顾问还同时向上市公司提供公司治理咨询服务。投票顾问的影响力随着机构投资者的壮大及相应监管的完善与日俱增,但来自上市公司管理层等利益相关方的批评也从未停止,近10年来更引起立法者与监管者的关注和介入。美国与欧盟的探索实践表明,以适度信息披露和利益冲突防控为导向的公共监管相较于私人执法而言是规制此类机构的更优路径,表现可衡量性弱、诉讼效果不彰影响了民事诉讼的应用,相关经验亦可为我国所借鉴。     

Historical institutional child abuse in Ireland: survivor perspectives on taking part in the Commission to Inquire into Child Abuse (CICA) and the redress scheme

This article explores the experience of taking part in the Irish State’s Commission to Inquire into Child Abuse (CICA) and the subsequent redress scheme. The Commission was set up in 2000 with the task of investigating Industrial and Reformatory Schools that were in existence for most of the twentieth century. A redress scheme was also set up by the government to compensate those who were abused in these institutions. 25 qualitative interviews were conducted with male and female Industrial and Reformatory School survivors. The focus of this article is to understand some of the issues that this cohort of survivors faced in taking part in the inquiry and redress process, dealing with issues such as re-traumatisation, retributive justice and procedural justice.     

RULE FOR PREFERRED STOCK IN CHINA: OVERTHROW OF THE PRINCIPLE OF “EQUAL SHARES,EQUAL RIGHTS”? — FROM A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE

The principle of “equal shares, equal rights” was established by the Company Law of 1993 of the People’s Republic of China. At the initial stage only issuance of common stocks was allowed and the issuance of preferred stocks was interpreted as prohibited. The Company Law of 2006 has changed the rigidity of provisions of the Company Law of 1993 and laid down the legal foundation for issuance of preferred stock. The Rule for Administration of the Pilot Project for Preferred Stocks released on March 21, 2014 by the China Securities Regulatory Commission started the issuance of the preferred stocks in the Chinese capital market. The establishment of the legal system for issuance of preferred stock in China is not the symbol of overthrowing the principle of “equal shares, equal rights,” but the expansion and development of the principle of “equal shares, equal rights” in a new era.     

法治整合下的经济社会协调发展

本文探讨了依法治国与经济社会协调发展之间的关系,论述了依法治国的核心是制度建设,并对当前我国经济社会统筹协调发展中制度建设设置了基本框架,即主要从政府的职能转变机制,民间社团的构建,社会融资和财政体制的制度改革,以及经济社会发展的科学决策规划机制等方面进行构筑,最后,对特别的"三农"问题提出改革构想.     

How did international economic regulation survive the last period of deglobalization?

As trade wars and protectionism again present severe challenges and obstructions to international economic regulatory organizations (IEROs), it is timely to ask how their predecessors survived the last deep deglobalization of the interwar years. This article presents a fresh neo-Durkheimian institutional explanation. It highlights contrasting pathways to survival and bequest of IEROs in three fields of regulation – international infrastructure, capital and labor, and commodities. Our explanation shows that functional imperatives and short-term market pressures in these different areas of regulation facilitated specific forms of social organization within IEROs (such as hierarchy or individualistic brokering). These contrasting forms of social organization cultivated distinct regulatory styles during deglobalization and cultivated capacities for contrasting survival and bequest strategies. Our approach is thus able to account for variation in pathways to survival in a way that other possible explanations, such as theories of regulatory capture or bureaucratic autonomy, cannot.     

Essence of Negotiation: Understanding Appeasement and “The Great Munich Stereotype”

The relative merits of rational choice and behavioral approaches to the study of negotiation continue to be hotly debated. This article tests qualitative postdictions (assertions or deductions about something in the past) from these paradigms as well as the alternative approach of new institutional theory against the extensive record of negotiation process, contractual form, and contract implementation from the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. I find the incomplete relational form of the peace treaty to be consistent with the behavioral and new institutional concepts and find that only behavioral theory can explain how unilateral German moves unraveled the treaty during the 1930s. But the historical record further reveals that the close fit between the behavioral paradigm and these events is more than coincidence. I also discuss the role of conference participants, particularly John Maynard Keynes and Walter Lippmann, in establishing the basis for modern behavioral science. The behavioral paradigm emerged from efforts to understand and fix serious policy mistakes such as those made in the peace negotiations. The study of human error was intended to serve as the basis for broad‐based organizational solutions. Finally, I discuss the impact of “the Munich stereotype” on such recent events as the planning for the American invasion and reconstruction of Iraq; such examples suggest continued imperfections in the system of organized intelligence that has actually evolved in the United States.