从现实出发稳步推进党内民主建设

发展党内民主是党建的目标之一,也是中国政治体制改革的突破口。推行党内民主具有理论的现实性,同时也存在着与实际相冲突的地方。要充分估计现实中的不利因素和存在的问题,科学理解和处理好党内民主与"四个服从"、民主集中制的关系,加强党内民主的制度建设,创造良好的社会政治环境,从而使党内民主建设稳步健康发展。     

The New Water Legislation of Zimbabwe and South Africa – Comparison of Legal and Institutional Reform

Recently, several new pieces of water legislation have been promulgated in both Zimbabwe and the Republic of South Africa. The new acts are an attempt to correct injustices of a colonial past and to trigger development towards effective, equitable and efficient integrated water resources management influenced by the policy decisions in Agenda 21 and the need to respect economic and social human rights. This article aims at identifying and describing factors of prime importance in the process of legal and institutional reform. Major factors are earmarked and derived from the proceedings in Zimbabwe and are compared with the situation in South Africa. Thorough analysis by the author of proceedings, preambles, memoranda, legislation and addenda has induced roughly 5 major reform issues: The call for equitable water distribution based on a widely consented water resources management strategy; The need for effective and efficient integrated water resources management conducive to stakeholder participation through decentralisation processes; The redressing of legal shortcomings in former water legislation with the emphasis on the introduction of integrated approaches; The introduction of instruments of cost recovery for water resources management; The need to develop human resources capacity and institutional strength within the implementing agencies.For both Southern African states, these issues appear to be of comparable importance as major triggers for legal and institutional reform, although not always in the same sense.The resulting most important legal and institutional changes are presented, discussed and compared. Finally, prospects for and constraints on implementation of the new water legislation in these countries are compared.     

The Politics of Universalisation: Establishing National Health Services in Southern Europe

Italy, Portugal, Greece and Spain have enacted reform laws during the last 20 years with the intention of turning their health insurance systems into national health services. Universalisation of access to public health care was at the centre of the political debates which led to the passing of the reform laws. This article analyses the policy-making processes that allowed for such institutional change, as well as achievements and shortcomings of the implementation processes that followed. The analysis draws on the insights of the actor-centred neo-institutionalist approach in the policy sciences.     

国家创新体系:穷国追赶富国的加速器

国家创新体系的涵义和作用 ;中国、欧洲、日美国家创新体系的回顾 ;我国的国家创新体系之建构 :一是思想意识形态体系 ,二是经济运行体系 ,三是政治法律制度体系     

建党90年先进性建设制度创新的成就和经验

中国共产党建党90年来,党在党章根本制度、学习教育制度、党的领导制度、党内民主制度和干部人事制度改革等先进性建设制度方面的创新历经探索发展,取得了丰硕而重大的成就。认真总结创新积累的新鲜经验,不断深化认识党的先进性建设中制度创新的规律性,可以更有效地推进党的先进性建设。     

日本预防组织犯罪对策的要点及其启示

日本包括西方许多国家的组织犯罪,在某种意义上均可说是与制度有关或由制度造成,因此,日本基于这种环境,在＂对策＂中首先从＂法＂的高度进行组织保障,从＂修法＂起步,制定＂纲要＂指南、规范过程实施,强化重点保证,以及在宏观处立足、在过程中掌控细节等。随着中国国际化程度的不断提高和经济全球化进程的不断提速,国际上的一些职业犯罪包括敌对势力和邪教等组织肯定都会把触角伸向中国,中国警方必须积极应对、未雨绸缪,制定中国式的预防组织犯罪对策,即充分发挥制度优势,清除组织犯罪滋生成长环境、把组织犯罪消灭在萌芽状态和拒之于国门之外。     

中国推出股指期货的市场影响

该文分析了股指期货交易的特点,剖析了中国股指期货交易制度和市场影响,提出来了股指期货改革的具体建议。     

发展中国家公务员制度特征与中国公务员制度创新

异质性、民族性、前瞻性及不完善性是发展中国家公务员制度的特征。发展中国家公务员制度建设的原则是 :优化规则 ;统一法治精神和人本原则 ;实行制度改善而不是进行“新的转型”。我国公务员制度的创新要以良好的行政环境为前提 ,以观念转变为基础 ,以管理创新为关键 ,从三个层面立体推进。     

试论政府制度创新成效的价值性准则

政府制度创新的成效是考量政府制度设计成功与否的标准。如何衡量政府制度创新的成效及衡量的标准一直是学术界关注的问题。本文认为,价值性标准是衡量政府制度创新的重要标准之一,其中,公正、民主、法治与以人为本成为判断政府制度创新成效最主要的价值标准。     

我国教育公益诉讼制度的建构探析

公益诉讼制度是保障公共利益和实现法律权利的重要司法制度,也是我国司法制度改革的一项新任务。分析教育司法实践中存在的困境,借鉴国外教育公益诉讼制度,探讨我国教育公益诉讼的概念、主体资格以及适用范围和情形,可发现从立法层面建立健全教育公益诉讼制度十分重要,将有利于实现教育公平和正义。