论刘震云小说的思维背景

刘震云的大部分小说都是以他的北方故乡为背景和思维起点的,弥漫在故乡上空的“饥饿危机、灾荒意象”组成他小说的“黄土地意象”;“权力意象和中原农民生存意象”则展现了一个没有摆脱“饥饿危机”的民族生存方式。但是,无时不在的“姥娘意象”作为一种救赎昭示着人类最终的理想、希望、尊严,这些意象不仅决定着刘震云的语言方式、叙述方式,而且也决定着他思考世界、历史、人性的方式。     

女性择偶的动因与需求--以云南楚雄直苴村彝族择偶为例

择偶既是个体和家庭的需要,又是人类衍化的需要.在不同的社会历史环境中,择偶的动因和需求不同,而社会的政治背景和主流文化往往主导着择偶的方向.从一个相对封闭的彝族村寨的女性择偶变化过程,可以看到社会经济发展的速度和文化变迁的特色.     

The random presence of glass and paint on the clothing and footwear of members of the general population: A US baseline survey at various seasons

This study assists the interpretation of glass and paint evidence by filling an existing gap in the background occurrence that reflects the socioeconomic and demographic circumstances in the United States. The collection was performed in a college US city (Morgantown, West Virginia) to determine the effect of the type of clothing worn at different seasons on the presence of glass and paint. Tape lifts and sole scrapings (1038) were collected from 210 participants and up to six clothing and footwear areas per individual. Glass fragments were analyzed via polarized light microscopy (PLM), refractive index (RI), micro-X-Ray fluorescence (μXRF), and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), while paint specimens were examined by light microscopy and infrared spectroscopy (μFTIR). Higher occurrences of glass and paint were found in the winter season. The winter collection yielded 10 glass fragments and 68 paint particles, whereas the summer collection resulted in one glass fragment and 23 paint particles. The percentage of individuals with traces varied between seasons; 7% of individuals in the winter and 0.9% in the summer had glass, whereas 36% of individuals in the winter and 19% in the summer bore paint. Lastly, when considering the overall garment and footwear areas, glass was detected in 1.4% of the winter set, compared to 0.2% in the summer collection; paint was found in 9.2% of the winter collection, whereas only 4.2% was found in the summer set. There were no instances where both glass and paint were detected on the clothing and footwear of the same individual.     

农村留守妇女问题研究述评

本文对国内学者在留守妇女的产生原因、经济与社会地位的变化、婚姻状况以及生存状况方面的研究进行系统梳理,在此基础上提出可以进一步研究制度背景下的留守妇女为何没有形成集体认同感、留守妇女如何打破"符号暴力"等问题.     

中国社区志愿服务的发展历程

对我国社区志愿服务的研究离不开对其发展历程进行梳理与探讨。社区志愿服务形成的社会背景,社区志愿服务兴起的文化背景,社区志愿服务的发展阶段,是研究社区志愿服务的三个重要维度。     

Children in Out-of-Home Care and Adult Labor-Market Attachment: A Swedish National Register Study

Using longitudinal national register data, we investigated labor-market attachment during the years 1993–1995 in Sweden for persons aged 25–35 years who had been in out-of-home care before the age of 18 in Sweden during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. We consider whether an immigrant background has an additional influence on labor-market attachment. Compared to majority population peers, young persons who had been in foster care had shorter educations. Fewer had a strong labor-market attachment and more were dependent on social assistance. Results from multinomial regression models indicated that having been in foster care during childhood reduced the probability of high attachment to the labor-market and increased the probability of social assistance dependency, even after making adjustments for education, marital status, parenthood, domicile, and birth country. Few signs of additive effects from being both an immigrant and a former foster child are found.     

The criminal career of men convicted of rape: evidence from a Norwegian national cohort

The extent to which sexual offenders are a group separate from other types of offenders has been debated for many years and investigated from different perspectives. The present study investigated similarities and differences regarding socio-economic background, criminal history and recidivism involving new crimes between rape offenders and three other groups: other sexual offenders, non-sexual violent offenders and other offenders. Data came from Norwegian population registers containing information on all crimes investigated from 1992 to 2012. The sample consisted of all persons convicted in 2002 and 2003 (N = 36,951). Background characteristics and estimated recidivism risk was described using hazard models. Results indicated that men convicted of rape (n = 142) had lower levels of education and that a higher percentage of them were on social benefits compared to the other crime groups. A large majority (79%) of rape-convicted men had previous convictions. Rape offenders were considerably more criminally active and diverse than the other crime groups. Prior criminal record, irrespective of type, increased the risk of recidivism in general. Controlling for other background characteristics did not alter this outcome. Treatment of convicted rapists needs to take into consideration that this offender group has much in common with violent offenders in general.     

武汉工团联合会的成立及其历史意义

1922年7月23日,武汉工团联合会宣告成立。武汉是中国第二大工业城市,工人阶级人数集中;党在武汉工人运动中具有绝对的领导地位;以及汉阳钢铁厂工人大罢工中"罢工援助"的运用等,都为中国共产党领导的第一个地方性总工会在武汉首创提供了有利的条件。武汉工团联合会成立后,迅速发展为湖北全省工团联合会,成为当时全国规模最大地方总工会,并且在党领导的第一次全国工运高潮中,居于城市罢工潮的中心,具有重要的历史影响。     

新法消褪碘熏显手印中的杂景

手印图像上的杂景干扰,是手印显现、固定、提取中经常遇到的问题,其对手印纹线特征清晰、准确地展现产生了极大的影响。若用碘熏显的手印和图像相减运算的方法,可以有效地消褪手印图像中的杂景。     

大学生“抗挫意识”建构条件的再识

“抗挫意识”的培养是完善大学生综合素质与增强大学生创新能力的重要环节,而高校生活中各种不利因素的存在却制约了高等教育的最终成效,因而有必要对大学生主体所依存的道德伦理境遇以及大学生主体所面对的生存现状进行分析,以便探寻能对大学生主体生成性条件予以改善的各种可能性途径,力求经过哲学的基础性的反思,最终给大学生“抗挫意识”的确立提供科学的理由与根据。