中国侵犯知识产权犯罪原因探析

犯罪学意义上的知识产权犯罪是指侵犯他人的知识产权权益，对社会具有严重危害性的行为。犯罪行为的发生是犯罪外因与内因相互作用的结果。在外因层面，我国社会经济、政治、文化及法制环境中存在的某些不利因素，为侵犯知识产权犯罪提供了滋生滋长的土壤；在内因层面，犯罪经济学的成本一收益理论阐释了在知识产权犯罪巨额收益的基础上，诸多犯罪外因极大地降低了侵犯知识产权犯罪的成本．最终导致个体犯罪动机的形成。提高我国公民的知识产权保护意识，完善侵犯知识产权犯罪的立法，以及大力改善执法不力的现状，是当前形势下知识产权犯罪防治之举的重中之重。     

山寨产品、山寨文化的知识产权考量

＂山寨产品＂、＂山寨文化＂扎根民间,迅速成长,成为一种代表复制化、模仿化的产业现象,代表平民化、娱乐化的文化现象。＂山寨产品＂、＂山寨文化＂制造者立足模仿,乐于模仿;少有创新,难有创新。它们在给人们带来实惠和娱乐的同时,也带来了假冒伪劣和低俗恶媚。以现行知识产权制度去考量不难解决＂山寨＂问题。     

Case law of the EPO Boards of Appeal in 2006

Legal context: The article reviews significant decisions handed down by theBoards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) in 2006,concentrating on decisions of the Enlarged Board and the Boardsof Appeal issued in 2006 and published or to be published inthe OJ EPO. Key points: The article discusses the application of Art. 24 EPC on exclusionand objection to members of the boards of appeal in the lightof the following decisions: G 1/05, T 281/03 and J 15/04; referralspending before the EBA on the subject of divisional applications(Art. 76 EPC and R. 25 EPC) and exclusion from patentabilityunder R. 23d(c) in conjunction with Art. 53a EPC; and decisionsof technical boards of appeal on exclusions from patentability(Arts. 52 (2)(3) and (4) EPC), the requirement of industrialapplicability (Art. 57 EPC) and re-establishment of rights (Art.122 EPC). Practical significance: The article provides an overview of the 2006 case law of theboards of appeal which is particularly useful since most ofthe decisions discussed have not yet been published in the OJEPO. The author is critical of the recent case law on the applicationof Art. 24 EPC (exclusion and objection to members of the boardsof appeal) and reports on several decisions of particular legalinterest.     

论公共危机管理中的政府能力建设

进入新世纪以来,公共危机事件频繁发生,对世界各国政府能力提出了考验。就目前实际情况来看,我国政府的危机处理能力较弱。具体体现在:公共危机管理制度缺失、机制混乱、危机管理的主体不明、政策僵化、决策迟缓以及危机管理的社会保障体系滞后等方面。因此,我国政府应加快突发公共危机应急立法步伐,建立有效的公共危机应对机制,健全公共危机管理的保障系统,以提高我国政府公共危机管理能力。     

权利的张扬与追寻——2006年中国权利问题研究综述

2006年的中国权利研究,著述颇丰,学术研讨频率密集且范围广泛,呈现了多元化、立体化的趋势。人权研究生机勃勃,平等权是当下社会生活和权利研究中的一个关键词,农民、农民工等弱势群体的权利保护则是与平等权密切相关的热点问题。传统的权利研究继续深入,新兴权利的研究与日俱增,权利本位理论正在向现实论证扩展,有关权利的理论日益丰满。     

区域知识产权自主创新能力与潜力研究——以河北省为例

区域知识产权自主创新是国家知识产权战略的重要组成部分,但目前我国区域知识产权创新还存在着数量少、质量低、创新效率不高等问题。本文以河北省为例,分析了问题的主要原因在于知识产权创新体系不完善,创新意识淡薄,创新激励机制不完善,高层次创新人才不足,创新经费投入强度较低,创新平台的规模、结构不合理等六个方面。提高我国区域知识产权自主创新能力需要营造良好的知识产权创新社会文化环境,建立健全知识产权工作体系,培养和吸引高层次人才,拓宽融资渠道,建设并优化创新平台。     

Does intellectual property lead to economic growth? Insights from a novel IP dataset

While policymakers often make bold claims as to the positive impact of intellectual property (IP) rights on both developed and developing country economies, the empirical literature is more ambiguous. IP rights have both incentive and inhibitory effects that are difficult to isolate in the abstract and are dependent on economic context. To unravel these contradictory effects, this article introduces an index that evaluates the strength of IP protection in 124 developing countries for the years 1995 to 2011. We illustrate the value of this index to economics study and show evidence that is consistent with IP leading to increased growth. Our results are further consistent with two causal pathways highlighted in the literature: that IP leads to greater levels of technology transfer and increased domestic inventive activity. Yet other aspects of our study fit uneasily with this simple story. For example, we find evidence suggesting that increased levels of growth lead to greater levels of IP protection, contradictory evidence in the literature linking IP with growth, a lack of evidence that increased levels of IP protection lead to actual use of the IP system, and problems with what IP indexes measure. Because of this, we suggest another – and so far undertheorized – explanation of the links between IP and growth: that IP may have few direct effects on growth and that any causality is a result of belief rather than actual deployment of IP.     

民事"循环诉讼"诱因及解决构想

民事诉讼中存在着案件经再审程序审理后并没有及时终结反而进入新一轮审理中的循环诉讼现象。通过分析这种现象的危害指出民事诉讼再审程序的立法价值取向失衡和制度设计存在漏洞是诱发该现象的主要原因 ,进而提出以建立再审程序一审终局制为重点的解决构想。     

技术创新领域的知识产权融资担保

知识产权质押是技术创新的知识产权融资担保方式，但其并不是技术创新知识产权融资担保的唯一担保方式。我国的技术创新知识产权融资担保中，有关知识产权融资担保操作程序和融资担保配套措施的法律有待完善。     

劳动价值论的新思考

本探讨了社会主义初级阶段劳动价值论涉及到的几个问题。认为：商品的价值取决于体力、理性智力和人精神三个要素，劳动价值论必须建立在智力劳动分析的基础上；国企资本和社会主义条件下的私营资本的一般本质是同样的，都是自我增殖，因而必须平等看待它们；私营资本追逐的剩余价值被资本家、工人和国家三方共享，社会主义初级阶段剥削现象的存在具有合理性。