传统法律文化:解读社会危害性的新路径

社会危害性是对犯罪的一种价值评判,而价值评判总是置身于一定的社会法律文化之中。因此,对社会危害性理论进行反思与改革,不能脱离传统法律文化。法律文化的相对稳定性,决定了对社会危害性不宜采取完全否定的态度。正确的做法应当是:吸收传统法律文化中的精髓,不断充实社会危害性的内涵。     

利用公示催告实施诉讼欺诈问题研究

公示催告程序使票据复印件履行一定证明手续,即可获取除权判决,从而增加了第三人利用其实施诉讼欺诈,损害持票人利益的风险。识别公示催告欺诈应明确其法律构成、手段样态及发生机制。公示催告欺诈的成因既包括申请主体不明确、除权判决生效时间与票据到期日不一致、错误除权判决救济程序不完善、公示催告形式审查给伪报票据丧失以可乘之机等制度性缺陷,也蕴含了法经济学、法社会学深刻的实践动因。规制利用公示催告实施诉讼欺诈必须加强对其救济程序、民事责任、刑事责任的立法整理和司法应对。     

Field validity of the HCR-20 in forensic medium security units in Flanders

Structured risk assessment has become a part of routine practice in forensic settings. However, little attention has been paid to the clinical applicability of existing tools. The present research focused on the performance of the Historical Clinical Risk Management-20 (HCR-20) – one of the most commonly used tools for structured professional judgment – in the daily practice of three medium security units in Flanders. Areas under the curve for the prediction of violent recidivism during (N?=?168) and after (N?=?105) medium security treatment were non-significant. In addition, analyses showed that the HCR-20 was mainly of interest in identifying low-risk individuals. Further research measuring different aspects of predictive validity in applied settings is recommended.     

法律修辞、语言游戏与判决合法化——对“判决书上网”的法理思考

法律修辞是司法过程中的遣词造句,不仅是一种说服手段,而且是展现真理的一种事实性力量。法律修辞的意义,从哲学角度来说,是法律的展现,具有存在论的意义;从经济学角度来说,可以降低信息成本;从政治学角度来说,具有限制权力的功效。当代中国法院判决书说理和修辞的普遍缺乏,根源在于缺乏可以对判决书进行自由讨论的公共领域,也即没有以法律修辞为中心的语言游戏。法院判决应从中国古代判词中汲取修辞艺术,降低信息成本。判决书上网就是在判决书的公共领域引入读者批判的一种对策,对于加强判决书的说理和修辞具有一定的意义。     

“非法占有目的”的司法推定——以法律事实为基础

以非法占有为目的是我国刑法规定的侵犯财产犯罪中的一个重要概念,但如何理解和认定非法占有目的,一直都众说纷纭,也是我国刑法学界争论的热点和难点问题。对非法占有目的的不断研究,将有助于对司法实践中的混乱局面进行澄清;有助于罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪的区分;有助于正确认识和把握非法占有目的的立法意图。     

重审与重判的法文化分析

西方的当事人主义诉讼模式审判重审 ,中国职权主义诉讼模式审判重判。立足于比较法律文化 ,认为重审与重判只是相比较而言的 ,究竟是重审还是重判是两种不同的文化传统、不同的价值取向所造成的 ,是有其深厚的法律文化基础的 ,是渊源流长的法律文化所塑造的。当代中国司法制度的建设和完善 ,审判制度的变革和发展应以与时代精神相一致的法治文明建设为基础 ,以人权保障、正当程序、司法公正为目的 ,形成制度化、理性化、规范化的审理与裁判并重的机制     

Moral judgment development: The effects of education and occupation

Data from the Rest longitudinal study of moral judgment development were used to (i) consolidate past research into a single process model of moral judgment development, and (ii) assess the relative contributions of education and work to moral judgment development. Subjects were 102 individuals who were first interviewed in 1972–1974 and were followed up in 1983. A general model was specified which included moral judgment development in adolescence, dedication, educational attainment, occupational attainment, fulfilling career, and adult moral judgment development. The model was tested on the total sample and in a subsamples analysis that examined the unique pathways to moral development of subsamples which had either completed 2 years or more of college (higher education) or had completed less than 2 years of college (lower education). The general model confirmed that both education and occupation play important roles in the explanation of adult moral judgment development; the subsamples analysis suggested that work-related variables were the most important determinants of development in the lower education group and that education was the most important determinant of the higher education group.Dr. Boldizar died on March 28, 1992.     

实践中的民事审判(续)——四个中级法院民事一审程序的运作

本稿是在特定理论模型支撑下对若干有代表性的中级法院民事一审程序运作状况展开实证调查而取得的一项初始性成果。调查采用案件卷宗抽样、访谈、参与观察、问卷和文献研究等方法 ,就庭前准备、开庭样式、各类证据的使用情况及结案方式等方面程序的实际操作做了系统的了解 ,并对“非正式开庭”等调查中新的发现进行了较深入的分析。调查结果显示了在审判方式改革给司法实践带来重大变化的同时 ,诉讼模式转型仍在进行之中的实际状况。     

论从错案责任到违法审判责任的转型

司法独立与司法公正是我国司法改革的重点。在改革进行中 ,错案责任追究制的存废引起了人们的广泛关注 ,而有损司法独立则是反对者的主要理由。本文通过分析我国现实国情与司法状况 ,认为现阶段仍应坚持错案责任追究制度 ,但因为错案标准模糊等弊端 ,建议对其进行改革 ,建立审判人员违法审判责任 ,以更适应现实需要 ,发挥更大作用。     

大众文化与青年教育刍议

随着制造经济向服务经济的转变 ,大众文化日益繁荣 ,并对现代社会的广大青年产生巨大的影响。在当代 ,作为青年群体 ,敏感、好动、渴望新奇 ,大众文化导致一部分青年价值失衡 ,如何面对和解决大众文化对青年的负面影响是无法回避的现实问题。必须加强以文化为载体的思想政治教育 ,为青年提供开放和相对自由的空间 ,有效地利用传统文化阵地 ,才能教育和培养青年。