我国侦、控、审关系的四大误区及校正

我国的侦、控、审关系存在着四大误区应予校正:侦、审之间应该是二元化的配合制约关系而非互相配合制约关系或无关系,侦、控之间应该是配合关系而非制约关系,控、审之间应该是制约关系而非配合关系,整体结构应以审判为中心而非以侦查为中心。     

Advancing Judicial System Reform

正REFORM of the judicial system,as an important component through which to improve,develop and advance the political system of socialism with Chinese characteristics,has key status in China’s reforms.In recent years,China has made outstanding achievements in promoting     

Forecasting proportional representation elections from non-representative expectation surveys

This study tests non-representative expectation surveys as a method for forecasting elections. For dichotomous forecasts of the 2013 German election (e.g., who will be chancellor, which parties will enter parliament), two non-representative citizen samples performed equally well than a benchmark group of experts. For vote-share forecasts, the sample of more knowledgeable and interested citizens performed similar to experts and quantitative models, and outperformed the less informed citizens. Furthermore, both citizen samples outperformed prediction markets but provided less accurate forecasts than representative polls. The results suggest that non-representative surveys can provide a useful low-cost forecasting method, in particular for small-scale elections, where it may not be feasible or cost-effective to use established methods such as representative polls or prediction markets.     

侵权法价值判断的进路

法学上的价值判断是指评价或判断立法规则设计或司法判决是否符合一定的价值准则的活动。侵权法的价值判断存在伦理主义和工具主义两种基本进路,前者将法律与道德密切联系在一起,后者视法律为实现特定社会目标的工具,二者各有短长,因此妥当的选择是采取一种混合主义的价值判断进路。我国《侵权责任法》以实现救济受害人之功能为主旨,采纳的是工具主义进路,这一忽视法律的道德维度的立场应予以修正。     

分段集约执行的实证考察与进路分析

分段集约执行是近年来司法改革的产物,推行该举措利于执行工作廉政建设,利于提高执行工作的质量与效率,利于执行工作的专业化队伍建设,利于提高执行工作的公信力。但是在分段集约执行的实施中面临着责任不明、执行人员积极性不高、工作模式不清晰等问题。需要通过制定全国统一的制度规范,有序推进该项工作。各级法院领导要强力支持,做好分段集约执行流程节点管理工作,在实践中加强统一规范,细化流程管理,合理调配人才,改进奖惩机制,强化执行联动,使分段集约执行工作模式能够实现质量、效率、效果的有机统一。     

被害人有过错的故意杀人罪的死刑裁量研究——从被害与加害的关系切入

故意杀人罪是最典型的有被害人的犯罪。被害人加害在先引起他人加害 ,或被害人激化矛盾引起他人加害属于被害人有过错的故意杀人罪。在故意杀人罪死刑裁量中 ,被害人的过错是酌定从轻处罚情节。司法解释确立了“被害人一方有明显过错或对矛盾激化负有直接责任的故意杀人罪 ,一般不应判处死刑立即执行”的规则 ,但在司法实践中对被告人量刑时往往不予考虑。为了减少和限制故意杀人罪的死刑适用 ,在立法上有必要将被害人的过错这一酌定情节法定化。     

行政诉讼给付判决的构造与功能

司法实践中存在对给付判决作扩张解释的现象,这将导致给付判决与其他判决类型在适用范围上发生重叠,致使新增给付判决的立法目的落空。行政诉讼法"监督行政—纠纷解决"的立法目的,塑造了"低强度审查模式—高强度审查模式"的司法审查强度区间,要求法院对程序性裁判与实体性裁判作出区分。履行判决原则上只能是程序性裁判。给付判决的制度功能在于确立实体性裁判的裁判方式,弥补履行判决在功能上的不足。现阶段,给付判决尚不能发挥"多用途武器"之功能,其适用空间应限于法律规范规定的给付义务、给付行政范畴内的给付义务、以金钱或财产为内容的给付义务。     

What is ethically appropriate in Negotiations: An empirical examination of bargaining tactics

Negotiation is an interesting context in which to study ethical judgment. Effective negotiators cannot be completely candid about their preferences, yet some honesty is required for parties to effectively agree. Is there general agreement among negotiators as to which tactics are ethically appropriate and inappropriate? This paper reports analyses of the ratings of 18 marginally ethical tactics by a sample of 320 respondents. Tactic ratings suggest generally strong consensus on those tactics that are appropriate and inappropriate; factor analyses of these ratings suggest tactic groupings that offer partial support for earlier conceptual models. A research agenda is also proposed.     

我国民事判决既判力的范围研究

大陆法系既判力制度的核心内容是关于既判力范围的法律规范。既判力的范围包括主观范围、客观范围和时间范围。就主观范围和客观范围而言,我国与大陆法系国家基本一致,但是我国的相关法律规定零散而模糊,具体内容亦有不少不合理处,容易导致既判力在司法实践中的不当扩张。就时间范围而言,我国法律未有规定,导致司法实践中处理相关问题无法可依。为有利于实现民事诉讼解决纠纷的目的和维护法的安定性,我国应当参照大陆法系国家的既判力范围,就既判力的范围作出系统、明确和合理的规定。     

A SECOND CALL FOR CLINICAL HUMILITY AND JUDICIAL VIGILANCE:

Offering commentary on "Empirical and Ethical Problems with Custody Recommendations: A Call for Clinical Humility and Judicial Vigilance," we express our agreement with Tippins and Wittmann. We opine that professional activity stimulates inquiry and it is through inquiry that our knowledge base will be expanded and our skills will be improved. In the interim, we should be mindful of our limitations, and actively articulate the ways in which the incompleteness of our knowledge base and the deficiencies of our assessment tools limit the confidence that can be placed in the recommendations that we offer.