Jurisprudential Dilemmas of European Law

Making a first sketch of philosophical issues arising fromEuropean Community law I want to present a series ofmore or less obvious, and more or less interrelated dilemmas,or even double binds.(i) Deepening the community becomes incompatible withwidening membership. (ii) National states seem bothnecessary for and obstructive in articulating transnationalproblems. (iii) The more democracy is needed as a warrantfor the public exercise of political power in Europe, themore the very concept of democracy on a European scaleevades understanding. (iv) European unity presupposes aunifying rule of law, while member states have radicallydifferent conceptions of this principle. (v) Even the verycore of European integration, the common market, is subjectto two conflicting and, indeed, incompatible doctrines ofcompetition. In explaining the nature of each dilemma I willtry to take my cue from the Maastricht Treaty wherever thisseems suitable. Then I will elaborate on the jurisprudentialproblems involved in it. Finally, each section will be closedby an attempt to state the nature of these problems inphilosophical terms.     

文化认同与东盟合作

文化认同是东盟合作的基础.所谓文化主要是指价值观.在国际关系中,这种价值观具体表现为国家应该如何追求安全与财富.东盟国家的文化认同具体表现为对东盟方式的认同,这体现为三个方面:即不干涉内政原则、协商一致原则和组织机构的非正式性原则三个方面.东盟国家之所以会有这种认同,主要是由其所处的安全环境所决定的.这种文化认同是东盟取得重要成就的关键,但在今天却面临着挑战.     

Identity Style,Parental Authority,and Identity Commitment

The role that parental authority patterns and social-cognitive identity styles may play in establishing identity commitments was investigated. The results indicated that family authority and identity style variables combined accounted for 50% of the variation in strength of identity commitment. As hypothesized, the relationship between parental authority and identity commitment was mediated by identity style. The findings are consistent with the view that family authority patterns may contribute to the way in which late adolescents negotiate the task of constructing a sense of identity. Alternative explanations of the findings are considered.     

对警察刑事执法实践中若干问题的实证分析

通过发放调研问卷与访谈等实证分析的研究,揭示我国警察刑事执法实践中面临的种种问题,并就普遍关注的刑侦体制改革、警察出庭作证两个专题进行理论探讨与反思,就公安机关刑事执法与行政执法两项权力的并存与交叉问题进行初步的解剖。     

工会权益的司法保障

最高人民法院关于在民事审判工作中适用《中华人民共和国工会法》若干问题的解释于2003年7月9日正式公布。它是对2001年10月27日修改的《中华人民共和国工会法》实施一年多的情况予以总结而作出的具有法律效力的规范性解释,对于保障工会的合法权益,推动工会法的贯彻实施,从而促进劳动关系的协调和社会的稳定,将起到重要作用。     

Adolescents' Perceptions of the Relevance of Domains of Identity Formation: A South African Cross-Cultural Study

This study investigated South African Afrikaans-, English-, and Xhosa-speaking secondary school adolescents' (N = 1217) perceptions of the relative importance of identity-related domains. For this purpose a structured questionnaire consisting of 14 domain-specific items was used. Most of the domains were regarded as very important or fairly important by a significant majority of participants. Four domains were regarded as very important by more than 70% of the total research group, namely, future career, moral values, family relationships, and religious matters. Political and sexual matters were regarded as of least importance. Intercultural differences were evident in most domains. Significant gender differences were also found. Relatively more females than males reported a high priority to domains such as future career, moral values, friendships with same sex peers, gender role, and community matters. The male participants regarded relationships with the opposite sex and sexual matters as more important than the females did. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of carefully considering the domains included in future research on identity formation, depending on variables such as socioeconomic and sociocultural characteristics of the specific research groups to be included in the investigation.     

关于完善司法鉴定技术标准的几点思考

制定和完善司法鉴定行业鉴定技术标准是一项艰巨的系统工程 ,目前除法医学和司法精神病学出台了由国家相关部门联合制定颁布的统一适用的行业技术标准外 ,多数鉴定专业领域的鉴定技术标准和规范尚属空白。因而 ,确立司法鉴定统一的管理机关具体负责技术标准的制定修订工作尤为迫切 ,这是每一位专业技术鉴定人员面临的重要课题。     

论政府决策的责任追究

当前 ,政府决策尚未建立起有效的责任追究制。政府决策责任追究的前提是对责任的认定 ,责任认定的根本标准是政策决策是否损害了公民的合法权益 ,而责任追究的有效途径是将政府决策行为纳入行政复议、行政诉讼和司法监督制约范围之内。     

仲裁中应设立第三人制度

社会关系的复杂性使仲裁活动涉及签订仲裁协议的当事人以外的第三人的情况客观存在。学术界对于仲裁中应否设立第三人制度意见不一。仲裁的实践、仲裁的法律性质和仲裁的价值目标决定了仲裁中设立第三人制度的必要性、合理性和必然性。仲裁第三人制度应从第三人参加仲裁的方式、时间 ,第三人的权利及其限制等方面加以规定。     

司法不公与犯罪控制

从犯罪学的角度 ,审视社会公正与司法公正 ,打击与防范的内涵及关系 ,探讨立法公正与法律系统的合理性、司法人员素质与司法环境、司法调控机制与公正标准等同司法公正的相关性 ,并从民主政治中寻求司法公正和完善法制的途径 ,是防止司法不公和控制犯罪的重要手段。