Impunity or Punishment? An Analysis of Criminal Investigation into Kidnapping,Terrorism and Embezzlement in Colombia

This paper aims to identify the variables that contribute to explain the current ability of the Colombian criminal system to resolve cases of kidnapping, terrorism and embezzlement. In order to achieve this goal a sample of cold cases and sentenced files were analysed in three main cities of the country. The success of a criminal investigation was divided into three stages: a) the identification of at least one suspect per case; b) the accusation and putting on trial of the suspect; and c) his/her conviction. Econometric techniques were used to identify the criminal investigation variables associated to each of the three successes. Variables such as the evidence and investigative practices used by the judicial police, the attorneys and the courts were taken into account. The results of this study have important implications for criminal investigation and crime policy in Colombia and in the region.     

绑架犯罪心理形成问题刍议

绑架犯罪行为是绑架犯罪行为人在其绑架犯罪心理的支配下实施的。而绑架犯罪心理的形成,又是绑架犯罪行为人所身处的内、外各种因素交互影响与作用的结果。笔者试图依据犯罪心理学的基本原理,从绑架犯罪心理的内化过程、外化过程、变化过程等三个方面的综合分析中,揭示绑架犯罪心理形成的机理,以求促进对绑架犯罪的防控、侦讯、矫正等项工作。     

浅谈“5．29”案件侦破工作的得与失

楚雄市“5 2 9”绑架勒索案件的侦破工作有得也有失。其教训值得总结与警示 :一是一线指挥员对案件的严重程度估计不够 ,处置工作准备不充分 ;二是参战各警种配合不够默契 ,导致贻误战机 ;三是枪支管理欠科学性 ,民警手中无“利器” ,罪犯有持无恐。基层公安机关加强外来人口管理工作任重道远     

人质危机谈判功能与实现路经

危机谈判，作为处理危机事件的有效手段，在世界各国，特别是欧美发达国家，已经得到广泛认同与有效应用。据国外有关研究显示，以专业化谈判团队的形式处理人质危机，安全、和平处理率高达93％，而没有专业化谈判团队的介入，被迫采取武力解决的，伤亡率高达78％。在我国，危机谈判机制建设刚刚起步，危机谈判的功能还没有广泛认同，对如何实现谈判功能也处于探索阶段。结合谈判工作实践和培训的谈判专业人员的反馈经验来分析危机谈判的功能及其实现的条件，应该对于危机谈判专业发展有所启示。     

绑架罪行为结构新论

由于绑架罪所侵犯的人身自由权包括了人质的身体活动自由权和第三人的意思决定自由权，所以决定了绑架罪是复合行为犯而非简单行为犯，即其完成形态由扣押人质与提出非法要求两行为组成。将绑架罪解释为复合行为犯，有利于犯罪预防和解决罪数问题。     

绑架罪的既遂标准探析

绑架罪的既遂标准问题实质就是对于绑架罪的客观行为要件与客体要件的判断问题.理论与实务上关于绑架罪的客观方面要件究竟为单一行为还是复合行为、客体要件应当是单一客体抑或复杂客体理解不一."单一行为单一客体"的主张更有道理,绑架罪的客观方面只需具备绑架行为或偷盗婴幼儿行为,而其客体要件则为被害人的人身自由.     

绑架罪客观方面二题之法理思考--从一则刑事案件的定性说起

自1997年修订刑法确立绑架罪以来,刑法理论界与实务界对有关绑架罪诸多问题的纷争就从未停止.例如,绑架罪的客观行为表现为单一抑或复合行为?"绑架"的虚象应否作为定性的实象?对此有必要立足于现行立法,从法理角度予以界定.     

人质劫持谈判方略初探

人质劫持谈判是解决人质劫持危机较好的方法。它可以零伤亡为代价 ,不战而屈人之兵解救人质 ,亦可以为武力解救人质创造条件。人质劫持谈判的准备要知己知彼 ,方能百战不殆。人质谈判由三个阶段组成 ,即建立感情阶段、提出条件阶段和相持阶段 ,每个阶段谈判的技巧有所不同。     

我国绑架犯罪的现状、特点、类型及发展趋势

绑架犯罪是历史悠久的传统犯罪,在新形势下死灰复燃,并呈发展蔓延之势。绑架犯罪在其犯罪形式、发展态势等方面呈现新的特点。     

Explaining and Forecasting Leaders' Decisions: A Poliheuristic Analysis of the Iran Hostage Rescue Decision

In an increasingly dangerous world, forecasting national leaders' decisions during crises is a central concern of policy analysts. But with a wide range of specific military responses available to leaders, pinpointing a likely decision can be difficult. This essay argues that the poliheuristic theory of foreign policy decision making is a useful tool for aiding policy analysts in forecasting the decisions of national leaders. The theory's emphasis on a noncompensatory decision dimension facilitates the elimination of many of the possible decision alternatives, reducing uncertainty. Then, surviving alternatives are weighed against additional, nontrivial dimensions, producing a likely decision. As an illustrative case, I examine Carter's decision to implement the hostage rescue mission, demonstrating that Carter ruled out alternatives that failed to satisfy criteria on the noncompensatory decision dimension—reelection. The president's final choice was selected from the remaining alternatives according to its ability to simultaneously maximize net benefits with respect to military and strategic concerns. Following a comparison of the analysis with compensatory models of decision making, I suggest a general forecasting framework rooted in the poliheuristic theory. The theory can be applied to international crises provided that policy analysts obtain information concerning (1) the leader's noncompensatory decision criteria, (2) the set of alternatives that satisfy those criteria, and (3) the expected net benefits of the remaining alternatives on other dimensions (i.e., the military and strategic dimensions).