“一带一路”倡议下西方国家对中资企业在非洲劳动关系的认知误区 ——以埃塞俄比亚东坚公司为例

自"一带一路"倡议实施以来,中国政府积极推进"一带一路"建设,中国企业加快了对沿线国家的投资。非洲的埃塞俄比亚是中国企业投资的重要国家之一。但是西方国家对中国在非洲的投资一直存在着许多认知误区,其中一个主要误区就是中国企业的劳动关系管理问题。研究以中国的劳动密集型企业东坚公司为例,从招聘雇佣、工资福利、劳动关系管理、企业文化等多个方面来考察中国企业是如何促进非洲发展的。研究认为,以东坚公司为代表的中国企业严格遵守投资对象国的法律,促进了当地的就业和工业化发展,但也存在本地化雇佣不够理想等问题。     

《劳动合同法》的争鸣、探索与推动

《劳动合同法》因涉及亿万劳动者切身利益而备受社会关注,它有力地推动着传统劳动关系的和谐稳定.在《劳动合同法》颁布即将十五年之际,本研究从"实践实施""社会价值""立法属性"及"立法宗旨"等角度,对其探索、实施与推动予以回顾探讨.本研究认为:《劳动合同法》是最为典型的社会法,对于"统筹社会力量、平衡社会利益、调节社会关系...     

新时代高校劳动教育的基础性作用、主要问题与对策建议

劳动教育在“五育”中具有基础性作用。经过长期实践探索,劳动教育已经成为中国特色社会主义教育制度的重要内容。进入新时代,如何进一步加强和推动劳动教育,事关我国高等教育高质量发展全局,事关培养社会主义建设者和接班人大局。当前,我国高校劳动教育在取得一系列重要成果的同时,还存在师资队伍不全、“五育”融合度不高、主体协同不足等问题。基于此,研究建议：劳动教育应坚持以马克思主义劳动观为指导,进一步深刻认识劳动的内涵及其价值底蕴,把握劳动教育的时代意义;要多元协同构建新时代劳动教育体系;建立贯通“五育”的劳动教育机制;进一步加强劳动教育师资队伍建设。     

“从契约到身份”——以船员劳务合同的特殊性及司法应对为视角

针对《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》《中华人民共和国船员条例》颁布后船员劳务合同纠纷案件中出现的新情况和面临的新问题,在分析当前相关立法、船员劳务关系现状以及一字之差的“劳务”与“劳动”合同对保护船员权益存在本质不同的基础上,认为船员不仅应当得到“契约”的保护,还应当基于劳动者“身份”得到劳动法的特殊保护.进而,针对船员劳务合同相比一般劳动合同的特殊性,从合同关系、主体、内容、责任和纠纷解决机制等方面提出司法如何予以应对的相应观点.     

论行政前置对拒不支付劳动报酬罪犯罪构成的影响

《刑法修正案(八)》将情节严重的拒不支付劳动报酬的行为规定为犯罪,立法旨在于通过这种严厉的刑罚措施,对劳动者的合法权益进行更好的保护。肯定的是,欠薪入罪能够从某种程度上缓解用人单位不支付劳动报酬的问题,但是由于社会关系尤其是劳动关系的复杂性以及拒不支付劳动报酬罪司法实践中遇到的各种问题,如行政机关工作的不确定性,行政机关和司法机关的工作衔接的不稳定性,该立法并未能更好地对劳动者权益进行保护。行政前置具有何种地位、有关部门如何界定、责令的方式和性质如何确定,都是拒不支付劳动报酬罪中值得研究的问题。"行政前置"的增设从某种程度上来说存在不合理处。(1)     

Health Care Versus Border Care: Justification and Hypocrisy in the Multilevel Negotiation of Irregular Migrants’ Access to Fundamental Rights and Services

Abstract

Providing—and also not providing—public services to unlawful residents implies a certain cost for host societies, and both inclusion and exclusion involve localized renegotiations of fundamental rights, legitimate needs, and social membership. Based on original qualitative research data, this article compares how, why, and under which conditions irregular migrants are granted or denied access to healthcare services provided in London and Barcelona. From a multi-level perspective and by drawing on organization theory, I highlight key differences in how the responsible governments deal with the underlying contradictions and thereby either help or hinder effective policy implementation.     

(Ine)quality of life: Lithuanian labor migration to Sweden during the economic crisis and its aftermath, 2008–2013

ABSTRACT

This article connects micro and macro scales of inequality to Lithuanians’ decisions to depart to Sweden during the economic crisis with austerity measures and its aftermath (2008–2013). This period revealed unequal opportunities regarding the quality of life that were largely created by the gradual re-commodification of labor as well as unaddressed income and social inequalities which had existed since the 1990s. Nevertheless, macro inequalities did not directly lead to the exit decision. Rather, this was bound to the individual’s perception of the leaving opportunity and (possible) quality of life for oneself and one’s family across time and space.     

Intergovernmental relations on immigrant integration in Canada: Insights from Quebec,Manitoba, and Ontario

ABSTRACT

The pattern of intergovernmental relations (IGR) on immigrant integration in Canada runs counter to core arguments in the extant literature. In particular, Canada's federal structures have not produced multilateral, institutionalized, and conflictual IGR; IGR in Canada has been predominantly bilateral and only moderately institutionalized. Moreover, IGR has been conflictual at times, while collaborative at others. Several factors explain this unexpected pattern. In an attempt to ward off separatism, the central government devolved authority over immigrant selection and settlement programmes to Quebec, creating a deep asymmetry between Quebec and the Anglophone provinces (and territories) in these areas. Interprovincial competition drove other provinces to seek powers over immigration and integration. The central government – driven by fiscal pressures and a philosophical commitment to symmetry – struck bilateral agreements with Anglophone provinces to fund and devolve settlement programming and some control over the selection of economic immigrants.     

人工智能时代的劳动力市场综合治理:挑战与政策工具

实现高质量和充分就业是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容。人工智能为有效的劳动力市场治理带来了挑战,促使财富积累方向由资本转向知识,加快了劳动力外部化趋势,改变了工作的技能需求。这进一步造成社会发展不均衡、既有社会保障功能弱化和外部性风险加大。本文探讨了税收与转移支付、基本收入保障、积极劳动力市场政策、人力资本投资和再培训账户等政策工具组合的综合治理功能,并提出调整社会财富分配格局、增强劳动者对新技术的适应性、打造多方参与的劳动力市场社会治理格局和促进社区就业并重的政策建议,为增强劳动力市场综合治理能力奠定基础。     

论工匠精神与劳模精神

党和政府在大力推动劳模精神的弘扬和工匠精神的培育。通过对劳模精神与工匠精神的对比研究， 比较两者在产生条件、内涵价值导向及外在表现形式上的不同，探究两者在发展劳动观、重视道德培养上的联系， 有利于加深对它们本质的认识，从而在实践中更好地指导工作，打造一支懂技术能创新的工人队伍。