中国律师业的可持续发展及其实现

中国律师业的可持续发展意味着律师业应注重自己的行为规范 ,同时 ,国家对律师业的发展也应提供相应支持。应当通过提高律师在诉讼中的地位、减轻律师业税费及统一法律服务市场等措施使律师业获得可持续发展。     

论律师及律师事务所的定位——兼驳律师事务所为中介机构之定性

律师制度恢复以来,律师从国家的法律工作者演变为社会的法律工作者,现又把律师事务所定性为中介机构.为正本清源,从律师工作的目的、任务、法律业务入手,参照国外先进律师制度,批驳了律师事务所为中介机构之定位,提出应从本质属性上予以定位的建议.     

论律师制度的两个条件和两块基石

律师制度是商品经济和民主政治发展到一定高度的产物 ,这就是我们所探讨的两个基本条件。律师制度得以产生和存在的两块基石就是辩护制度和代理制度。     

Reassessing Portia: The Iconic Potential ofShakespeare's Woman Lawyer

This paper considers the adoption ofPortia, the heroine of The Merchant ofVenice, by feminist legal scholars as ametaphor for the woman lawyer. It suggests thatPortia has both captured and is captured by thefeminist legal scholar's imagination, becomingat once an idol, myth and icon. She is to somethe personification of the woman lawyer'sperceived difference, a mouthpiece for mercyand `the different voice' and to others, a shamor myth, her idolised reputation sullied, her`difference' rejected. Yet ultimately thisconstant and simultaneous idolisation andvilification of Portia threatens not only tosilence and constrain conversations about thewoman lawyer, but also to eclipse her promiseand potential. Thus in the final section of thepaper, Portia is established as an icon. Assuch her story, understood as a myth or fairytale, is seen to reveal previously unimaginedpossibilities for change, as an iconicunderstanding of Portia becomes a windowthrough which feminist legal scholars can lookonto alternative understandings of lawyeringand adjudication.     

“会见不被监听”律师职业伦理的挑战及应对

我国新《刑事诉讼法》第37条中的“律师会见犯罪嫌疑人、被告人时不被监听”应当理解为“在辩护律师会见犯罪嫌疑人、被告人时,侦查、检察和审判机关不得通过任何电子设备获取或者派员在场旁听其谈话内容。”“会见不被监听”在赋予辩护律师与犯罪嫌疑人、被告人秘密自由交流权利的同时,对辩护律师的职业伦理提出了挑战。为保证辩护律师不滥用会见权,我国可以建立司法行政机关驻看守所监督律师会见制度。     

Local Social Ties and Willingness to Intervene: Textured Views Among Violent Urban Youth of Neighborhood Social Control Dynamics and Situations

Social control in urban neighborhoods has been studied for over a century in America, yet our understanding of the dynamic nature of social relations for exerting informal social control remains limited. The present study uses detailed reports from those most likely to be the target of local control efforts—violent youth in extremely disadvantaged urban locations—to re‐examine two features of this work: variations across different hypothetical scenarios widely used in this research, and connections between local ties and intervention type and likelihood in actual events. In‐depth qualitative interviews from 159 violent males aged 16–24 from two distressed New York City neighborhoods identify ways in which responses to commonly used scenarios of informal social control are age‐ and space‐graded. Reports on the transactional nature of social control in violent events show how local ties may undermine, rather than support, social control processes. It would appear that we need to consider more carefully general suggestions about local ties encouraging more informal social control, move to a more textured, multithreaded view of these connections, and incorporate age‐ and space‐graded dynamics into future studies of social control.     

USING EXTERNSHIPS TO INTRODUCE FAMILY LAW STUDENTS TO NEW PROFESSIONAL ROLES

Law schools are seeking ways to familiarize family law students with exciting new professional roles arising in connection with family court reform. This article describes the family law externship program at William Mitchell College of Law which includes a classroom component allowing students placed in different practice settings to compare and contrast their experiences. The program assists students in making career choices and enhances their ability to counsel future clients.     

回归法律规范:刑事值班律师制度适用问题再反思

目前我国刑事值班律师制度规范背后折射出有权机关抑制辩方权利的倾向。根据法律规范意旨,只要被追诉人没有辩护人,国家就应“强制指派”值班律师介入案件。将“约见”解读为国家指派值班律师需以被追诉人申请为前提,这混淆了律师会见与介入案件的关系,且将国家责任转嫁给个人,弱化了对被追诉人获得最低限度法律援助权利的保障。相关规范性文件将值班律师阅卷权能限定为“查阅”,但基于法律援助法第37条的文义、控辩平等之程序公正底线要求等因素,值班律师阅卷权能还应包括“摘抄”“复制”。《法律援助值班律师工作办法》第10条第2款规定,值班律师有量刑异议时,只要其认可犯罪嫌疑人认罪认罚的自愿性,就应在具结书上签字。这是对值班律师功能“见证化”的公开宣示,与2018年刑事诉讼法第201条的意旨以及值班律师实质性参与量刑协商的改革要求相矛盾。值班律师应被赋予拒绝签字的权利。“实质性参与”应是目前完善值班律师制度的基本方向。     

论修订后刑诉法下侦查阶段辩护律师的角色与地位

刑事诉讼的历史就是辩护权不断扩大的历史。辩护权发展的核心在于辩护人介入刑事诉讼程度的不断深入以及辩护权的不断完善。公安机关需要正确理解辩护律师在侦查阶段的辩护人法律地位及会见通信权、讯问在场权、调查取证权等诉讼权利。辩护律师在侦查阶段主要是帮助犯罪嫌疑人行使辩护权并监督制约侦查机关的活动,维护犯罪嫌疑人人权的重要作用。